资源
下载自己操作系统对应的软件包：官网下载地址
配置内核参数
编辑/etc/sysctl.conf 添加如下内容
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
更改当前内核参数
[root@localhost heweiwei]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key
error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key
error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
限制oracle用户资源使用
编辑 /etc/security/limits.conf 添加如下内容
oraclesoftnofile1024
oraclehardnofile65536
oraclesoftnproc16384
oraclehardnproc16384
oraclesoftstack10240
oraclehardstack32768
oraclehardmemlock134217728
oraclesoftmemlock134217728
安装所有依赖
可以写个安装脚本
#!/bin/bash
yum install binutils -y
yum install compat-libcap1 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y
yum install glibc -y
yum install glibc.i686 -y
【linux下安装oracle】yum install glibc-devel -y
yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y
yum install ksh -y
yum install libaio -y
yum install libaio.i686 -y
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y
yum install libX11 -y
yum install libX11.i686 -y
yum install libXau -y
yum install libXau.i686 -y
yum install libXi -y
yum install libXi.i686 -y
yum install libXtst -y
yum install libXtst.i686 -y
yum install libgcc -y
yum install libgcc.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++ -y
yum install libstdc++.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++-devel -y
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y
yum install libxcb -y
yum install libxcb.i686 -y
yum install make -y
yum install nfs-utils -y
yum install net-tools -y
yum install smartmontools -y
yum install sysstat -y
yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y
创建oracle用户组
[root@localhost heweiwei]# groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
[root@localhost heweiwei]# groupadd -g 54322 dba
[root@localhost heweiwei]# groupadd -g 54323 oper
[root@localhost heweiwei]# useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
修改设置SELINUX
将/etc/selinux/config 中 `SELINUX` 修改为permissive
[root@localhost oracle]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost oracle]# setenforce Permissive
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
关闭防火墙
[root@localhost oracle]# service iptables stop
创建Oracle安装目录
[root@localhost oracle]# mkdir -p /usr/local/products/oracle12c
[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local/products/
[root@localhost oracle]# chmod -R 775 /usr/local/products/
配置Oracle环境变量并验证
oracle用户名下，配置oracle用户下环境变量
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vim .bash_profile
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost// 注意要换成 /etc/hosts 中的用户
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle12c
export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
[oracle@localhost ~]$ source .bash_profile
[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/usr/local/products/oracle12c
安装
我的目录/home下空间不够 所以我创建了/oracle目录（实际应该为/home/oracle目录），将官网下载的文件包解压
unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip 我这里采用静态安装
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion \
-showProgress -silent -responseFile/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp\
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory \
ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/products/oracle12c \
ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -showProgress -silent -responseFile /oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/products/oracle12c ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.Actual 36281 MBPassed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.Actual 7107 MBPassed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-10-22_10-58-44AM. Please wait ...[WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.
ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-10-22_10-58-44AM.log
Prepare in progress.
..................................................8% Done.
Prepare successful.
Copy files in progress.
..................................................17% Done.
..................................................22% Done.
..................................................27% Done.
..................................................32% Done.
..................................................40% Done.
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....................
Copy files successful.
Link binaries in progress.
..........
Link binaries successful.
Setup files in progress.
..............................
Setup files successful.
Setup Inventory in progress.
Setup Inventory successful.
Finish Setup successful.
The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.
Please check '/usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2018-10-22_10-58-44AM.log' for more details.
Setup Oracle Base in progress.
Setup Oracle Base successful.
..................................................95% Done.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/root.sh
..................................................100% Done.
Successfully Setup Software.
根据提示运行脚本
[root@localhost database]# /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /usr/local/products/oracle12c/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@localhost database]# /usr/local/products/oracle12c/root.sh
Check /usr/local/products/oracle12c/install/root_localhost.localdomain_2018-10-22_11-05-52-854397878.log for the output of root script
[root@localhost database]#
[root@localhost oracle]# su oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$
安装成功
测试如下：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Oct 22 11:11:14 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>
数据库创建
执行下列命令：OraPasswd1 是自己的密码，包含大小写及数字
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword OraPasswd1 \
-systemPassword OraPasswd1 \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName pdb1 \
-pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-ignorePreReqs
[oracle@localhost ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile /oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp -characterSet AL32UTF8 -sysPassword OraPasswd1 -systemPassword OraPasswd1 -createAsContainerDatabase true -numberOfPDBs 1 -pdbName pdb1 -pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 -automaticMemoryManagement false -ignorePreReqs
Copying database files
1% complete
13% complete
25% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
26% complete
30% complete
31% complete
35% complete
38% complete
39% complete
41% complete
Completing Database Creation
42% complete
43% complete
44% complete
46% complete
49% complete
50% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
55% complete
75% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Look at the log file "/usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1/cdb1.log" for further details.
[oracle@localhost ~]$
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword OraPasswd1 \
-systemPassword OraPasswd1 \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName pdb1 \
-pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \
-automaticMemoryManagement false \
-ignorePreReqs
数据库监听配置
使用默认的netca.rsp文件执行netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
netca -silent -responseFile /oracle/database/response/netca.rsp// 因为/home空间不足 所以安装时创建了/oracle 来安装
启动
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 22-OCT-2018 17:16:26
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.All rights reserved.
Starting /usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1539)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1539)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
AliasLISTENER
VersionTNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date22-OCT-2018 17:16:26
Uptime0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Leveloff
SecurityON: Local OS Authentication
SNMPOFF
Listener Parameter File/usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File/usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1539)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
查看状态
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 22-OCT-2018 17:18:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1539)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
AliasLISTENER
VersionTNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date22-OCT-2018 17:16:26
Uptime0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 33 sec
Trace Leveloff
SecurityON: Local OS Authentication
SNMPOFF
Listener Parameter File/usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File/usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1539)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
参考
Linux命令行安装Oracle12c
