linux之systemctl命令 linuxsystemctl

Linux 服务管理两种方式service和systemctl,systemd是Linux系统最新的初始化系统(init),作用是提高系统的启动速度，尽可能启动较少的进程，尽可能更多进程并发启动。systemd对应的进程管理命令是systemctl

chkconfig和systemctl命令对比

任务	旧指令	新指令
使某服务自动启动	chkconfig --level 3 httpd on	systemctl enable httpd.service
使某服务不自动启动	chkconfig --level 3 httpd off	systemctl disable httpd.service
检查服务状态	service httpd status	systemctl status httpd.service （服务详细信息） systemctl is-active httpd.service （仅显示是否 Active)
显示所有已启动的服务	chkconfig --list	systemctl list-units --type=service
启动服务	service httpd start	systemctl start httpd.service
停止服务	service httpd stop	systemctl stop httpd.service
重启服务	service httpd restart	systemctl restart httpd.service
重载服务	service httpd reload	systemctl reload httpd.service

实例

#停止cup电源管理服务 > systemctl stop cups.service #禁止cups服务开机启动 > systemctl disable cups.service #查看cups服务状态 > systemctl status cups.service #重新设置cups服务开机启动 > systemctl enable cups.service

常用的系统命令

systemctl命令	说明
systemctl	列出所有的系统服务
systemctl list-units	列出所有启动unit
systemctl list-unit-files	列出所有启动文件
systemctl list-units –type=service –all	列出所有service类型的unit
systemctl list-units –type=service –all grep cpu	列出 cpu电源管理机制的服务
systemctl list-units –type=target –all	列出所有target
systemctl list-unit-files --type=socket	列出所有可用系统套接口

systemctl特殊的用法

systemctl命令	说明
systemctl is-active [unit type]	查看服务是否运行
systemctl is-enable [unit type]	查看服务是否设置为开机启动
systemctl mask [unit type]	注销指定服务
systemctl unmask [unit type]	取消注销指定服务