linux主机静默安装Oracle11g linux主机静默安装Oracle11g

检查安装环境

本次安装主机配置
主机地址：10.130.6.31
16核，32G内存，50G硬盘+500G存储

由于公司主机均已远超oracle最低安装标准，不再进行配置说明
准备oracle11g安装包通过其他已安装oracle11g主机上发送安装包到该台主机

[root@r0 ~]# scp /data1/oradata/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip /data1/oradata/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip oidd@10.130.6.31:/oradata/

开始安装创建oinstall和dba组

[root@r1 ~]# groupadd oinstall [root@r1 ~]# groupadd dba

创建Oracle用户

[root@r1 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle [root@r1 ~]# passwd oracle ...

验证创建及所属组是否正确

[root@r1 ~]# id oracle uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)

配置内核参数

[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf # System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf. # To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/.conf file # # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5). fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 8388608 kernel.shmmax = 7516192768 #7G kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

参数的值不能小于上面的配置，因为这是oracle官方建议的最小值，所以生产环境建议调整为这些参数，以优化系统性能。
注意：kernel.shmmax的值，#最低：536870912，最大值：比物理内存小1个字节的值，建议比物理内存小一点点就可以（过小的话后期会导致数据库实例无法启动或无法监听）
修改后使之生效

[root@r1 ~]# sysctl -p fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 8388608 sysctl: setting key "kernel.shmmax": Invalid argument kernel.shmmax = 7516192768 #7G kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

修改用户权限

[root@r1 ~]# vim/etc/security/limits.conf # 末尾添加 # End of file oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 10240

在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中，使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容

[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so

在/etc/profile 文件中，使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容

[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/profile if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi[root@r1 ~]# source /etc/profile

创建安装目录

[root@r1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/oracle/app/ [root@r1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle/app/ [root@r1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /data/oracle/app/

配置环境变量切换到Oracle用户操作：

[root@r1 ~]# su - oracle [oracle@r1 ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=orcl export ROACLE_PID=ora11g export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib export ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8" export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8" export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'[oracle@r1 ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile

在root用户下解压安装包

[root@r1]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip [root@r1]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip [root@r1]# cd /data1/oradata/ [root@r1 oradata]# ll 总用量 2487200 drwxrwxr-x 7 oracle oinstall128 8月27 2013 database -rw------- 1 oiddoidd1395582860 8月8 17:02 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip -rw------- 1 oiddoidd1151304589 8月8 17:02 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

切换到Oracle用户，复制响应文件模板

[oracle@r1 ~]$ mkdir /home/oracle/etc/ [oracle@r1 ~]$ cp/usr/local/src/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/ [oracle@r1 etc]$ ll 总用量 80 -rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 44533 8月13 09:37 dbca.rsp -rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 25304 8月13 10:18 db_install.rsp -rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall5871 8月12 16:10 netca.rsp

设置响应文件权限

[oracle@r1 ~]$ su - root ... [root@r1 ~]# chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp

切换到oracle用户，修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

[root@r1 ~]# su - oracle [oracle@r1 ~]$vi /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY// 安装类型 ORACLE_HOSTNAME=r1// 主机名称（hostname查询） UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall// 安装组 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/app/oracle/oraInventory//INVENTORY目录（不填就是默认值） SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言 ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1//oracle_home ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle//oracle_base oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE// oracle版本 oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false//自定义安装，否，使用默认组件 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba // dba用户组 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用户组 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl//SID oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M) oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码 SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false//（手动写了false） DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true//设置安全更新（貌似是有bug，这个一定要选true，否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题，终止安装。PS：不管地址对不对）

开始静默安装

[oracle@r1 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

当出现Successfully Setup Software即为成功
执行脚本切换到root用户，如果出现切换失败，拒绝权限，可以直接exit

[oracle@r1 database]$su root ... [root@r1 ~]# cd /data/app/oracle/oraInventory/ [root@r1 oraInventory]# ls ContentsXMLlogsoraInst.locorainstRoot.shoui [root@r1 oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh [root@r1 ~]# cd /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ [root@r1 db_1]# ls apexcssemclijdbcnetworkouischeduleruix assistantsctxEMStagejdevnlsowbslaxusm bincvhasjdkoc4jowmsqldeveloperutl ccrdbshsjlibodbcperlsqljwwg cdatadc_ocmideldapolapplsqlsqlplusxdk cfgtoollogsdeinstallinstalllibOPatchprecompsrvm clonedemoinstantclientlogopmnracgsuptools configdiaginventorymdoracorerdbmssysman crsdiagnosticsj2eemesgoraInst.locrelnotestimingframework csmigdvjavavmmgwordroot.shucp [root@r1 db_1]# ./root.sh

【linux主机静默安装Oracle11g】若没有生成orainstRoot.sh这个文件，解决办法：删除/etc/oraInst.loc文件，再次重新静默安装，记住要删除之前安装后生成的文件，不然会出现磁盘容量溢出
配置监听程序

[oracle@r1 ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

修改监听配置文件

[oracle@r1 ~]$ cd /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/ [oracle@r1 admin]$ ls diagsamplessqlnet19081311上午1634.bak listener1908125PM1519.bakshrept.lstsqlnet.ora listener19081311上午1533.baksqlnet19081311上午1515.baktnsnames.ora listener.orasqlnet19081311上午1533.baktnsnames.ora_2019081221 [oracle@r1 admin]$ vi listener.ora SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) ) )LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.130.6.31)(PORT = 1521)) ) )

启动监听程序

[oracle@OIDDCDR11 bin]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 14-8月 -2019 15:03:53Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521)))Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ AliasLISTENER VersionTNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date01-SEP-2016 11:23:31 Uptime0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Leveloff SecurityON: Local OS Authentication SNMPOFF Listener Parameter File/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File/data/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=r1)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully

建库

[oracle@r1 ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile etc/dbca.rsp Enter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 57% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 74% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete Look at the log file Look at the log file "/data/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log" for further details.

启动数据库