django中debug 项目开发

django-debug-toolbar

【django中debug】单元测试工具 https://django-debug-toolbar.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

安装切换项目所在的虚拟环境

pip installdjango-debug-toolbar

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [ ... 'debug_toolbar',]STATIC_URL = '/static/'

在主 urls.py中配置url

if settings.DEBUG: import debug_toolbar urlpatterns.append(path("__debug__/",include(debug_toolbar.urls)))

中间件

MIDDLEWARE = [ 'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware', #必须在最前面 ... ]

settings.py中做如下配置

#django-debug-toolbarINTERNAL_IPS= ['127.0.0.1'] # Application definition DEBUG_TOOLBAR_PANELS = [ # 代表是哪个django版本 'debug_toolbar.panels.versions.VersionsPanel', # 用来计时的，判断加载当前页面总共花的时间 'debug_toolbar.panels.timer.TimerPanel', # 读取django中的配置信息 'debug_toolbar.panels.settings.SettingsPanel', # 看到当前请求头和响应头信息 'debug_toolbar.panels.headers.HeadersPanel', # 当前请求的想信息（视图函数，Cookie信息，Session信息等） 'debug_toolbar.panels.request.RequestPanel', # 查看SQL语句 'debug_toolbar.panels.sql.SQLPanel', # 静态文件 'debug_toolbar.panels.staticfiles.StaticFilesPanel', # 模板文件 'debug_toolbar.panels.templates.TemplatesPanel', # 缓存 'debug_toolbar.panels.cache.CachePanel', # 信号 'debug_toolbar.panels.signals.SignalsPanel', # 日志 'debug_toolbar.panels.logging.LoggingPanel', # 重定向 'debug_toolbar.panels.redirects.RedirectsPanel', ]DEBUG_TOOLBAR_CONFIG = {}

优化sql查询

def index(request): count = settings.ONE_PAGE_NEWS_COUNT #newses = News.objects.order_by('-pub_time')[0:count] # newses = News.objects.all()[0:count]如果按照这个来讲每页两篇文章一篇文章多两次外键查询查询类别还有作者多篇文章就乘以二 #提前一次外键查询不至于模板中进行多余查询 #select_related('category','author') 就是进行外键的查询每个页面只需要执行一次即可 newses = News.objects.select_related('category','author').all()[0:count] categories = NewsCategory.objects.all() context = { 'newses': newses, 'categories': categories, } return render(request, 'news/index.html', context=context)def news_detail(request,news_id): try: #news = News.objects.get(pk=news_id) #news = News.objects.select_related('category','author').get(pk=news_id) news = News.objects.select_related('category','author').prefetch_related('comments__author').get(pk=news_id) #prefetch_related('comments__author') 注意这里是两个下划线 context = { 'news':news } return render(request, 'news/news_detail.html', context=context) except News.DoesNotExist: raise Http404