开发工具|CentOS7下搭建postfix邮件服务器实现extmail的web访问数据库|运维

CentOS7.1最新1503版本最小化安装，基于lnmp，nginx与mysql为yum安装，当然没有安装php，其他编译所需要的全是官网上下载的最新稳定版，搭建的过程中出了很多错误，经过几天的实验，最后终于搭建成了，这次博客也是重新搭建，边写边搭建，如果再次出现错误的话，会将错误一并写出来。
一、装备工作
1、防止不必要的麻烦关闭Selinux

setenforce 0

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

2、清空iptables

iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -F iptables -X iptables -L

查看是否全部为ACCEPT
3、由于CentOS7默认安装的是MariaDB，所以要添加MySQL的yum源，有些编译需要的devel包只有epel有，所以我们把epel源也一并添加

yum install -y wget wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

二、安装postfix
1、安装编译及其他所需要的包，我这总共有124个包需要安装，mysql-server比较大，速度也比较慢

yum install nginx vim gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel db4-devel ntpdate mysql mysql-devel mysql-server bzip2 php-mysql cyrus-sasl-md5 perl-GD perl-DBD-MySQL perl-GD perl-CPAN perl-CGI perl-CGI-Session cyrus-sasl-lib cyrus-sasl-plain cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel libtool-ltdl-devel telnet mail libicu-devel-y

2、编译安装postfix
1、卸载系统自带的postfix，删除postfix用户，重新指定uid、gid创建新用户postfix，postdrop

yum remove postfix -y userdel postfix groupdel postdrop groupadd -g 2525 postfix useradd -g postfix -u 2525 -s /sbin/nologin -M postfix groupadd -g 2526 postdrop useradd -g postdrop -u 2526 -s /sbin/nologin -M postdrop

2、下载源码包并解压编译

wget http://mirrors.go-parts.com/postfix/source/official/postfix-3.0.1.tar.gz tar xf postfix-3.0.1.tar.gz cd postfix-3.0.1 make makefiles 'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS ' 'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib64/mysql -lmysqlclient -lz -lrt -lm -L/usr/lib64/sasl2 -lsasl2-lssl -lcrypto' make && make install

make install的时候会有个交互式的界面，自定义一些目录，我们这里只更改第二项临时文件目录，其他的全部默认。

Please specify the prefix for installed file names. Specify this ONLY if you are building ready-to-install packages for distribution to OTHER machines. See PACKAGE_README for instructions. install_root: [/] Please specify a directory for scratch files while installing Postfix. You must have write permission in this directory. tempdir: [/root/postfix-3.0.1] /tmp/extmail ………………………… ………………………… shlib_directory: [no] Please specify the final destination directory for non-executable files that are shared among multiple Postfix instances, such as postfix-files, dynamicmaps.cf, as well as the multi-instance template files main.cf.proto and master.cf.proto. meta_directory: [/etc/postfix]

3、更改目录属主属组

chown -R postfix:postdrop /var/spool/postfix chown -R postfix:postdrop /var/lib/postfix/ chown root /var/spool/postfix chown -R root /var/spool/postfix/pid

4，修改postfix的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf myhostname = mail.everyoo.com//设置主机名 mydomain = everyoo.com//指定域名 myorigin = $mydomain//指明发件人所在的域名 inet_interfaces =//all指定postfix系统监听的网络接口 mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,$mydomain//指定postfix接收邮件时收件人的域名 [使用虚拟域需要禁用] mynetworks_style = host//指定信任网段类型 mynetworks = 192.168.1.0/24, 127.0.0.0/8//指定信任的客户端 relay_domains = $mydestination//指定允许中转邮件的域名 alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases//设置邮件的别名

三、安装dovecot
1、yum安装

[root@localhost ~]#yum install -ydovecot dovecot-mysql

2、配置dovecot

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/dovecot/ [root@localhost dovecot]# vim dovecot.conf//直接在配置文件最后添加即可 protocols = imap pop3 !include conf.d/*.conf listen = * base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/ [root@localhost dovecot]# cd conf.d/ [root@localhost conf.d]# vim 10-auth.conf disable_plaintext_auth = no [root@localhost conf.d]# vim 10-mail.conf mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir mail_location = maildir:/var/mailbox/%d/%n/Maildir mail_privileged_group = mail [root@localhost conf.d]# vim 10-ssl.conf ssl = no [root@localhost conf.d]# vim 10-logging.conf og_path = /var/log/dovecot.log info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot.info log_timestamp = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S " [root@localhost conf.d]# cp auth-sql.conf.ext auth-sql.conf [root@localhost conf.d]# vim auth-sql.conf passdb {driver = sql# Path for SQL configuration file, see example-config/dovecot-sql.conf.extargs = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf.ext} userdb {driver = sqlargs = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf.ext}

3、编辑dovecot通过mysql认证的配置文件

[root@localhost conf.d]# vim /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf driver = mysql connect = host=localhost dbname=extmail user=extmail password=extmail default_pass_scheme = CRYPT password_query = SELECT username AS user,password AS password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u' user_query = SELECT maildir, uidnumber AS uid, gidnumber AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u'

四、安装courier-authlib
1、下载解压并并编译

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/courier/files/authlib/0.66.2/courier-authlib-0.66.2.tar.bz2 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf courier-authlib-0.66.2.tar.bz2 [root@localhost ~]# cd courier-authlib-0.66.2 [root@localhost ~]# ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/courier-authlib \ --sysconfdir=/etc \ --without-authpam \ --without-authshadow \ --without-authvchkpw \ --without-authpgsql \ --with-authmysql \ --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64/mysql \ --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \ --with-redhat \ --with-authmysqlrc=/etc/authmysqlrc \ --with-authdaemonrc=/etc/authdaemonrc \ --with-mailuser=postfix

这里会报错，configure: error: The Courier Unicode Library 1.2 appears not to be installed.提示Courier Unicode Library没有安装，我们下载courier-unicode-1.2并编译安装。

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/courier/files/courier-unicode/1.2/courier-unicode-1.2.tar.bz2 [root@localhost ~]# tar xf courier-unicode-1.2.tar.bz2 [root@localhost ~]# cd courier-unicode-1.2 [root@localhost courier-unicode-1.2]# ./configure [root@localhost courier-unicode-1.2]# make && make install

再次编译courier-authlib就没问题了，别忘了make && makeinstall
2、配置courier-authlib

[root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# chmod 755 /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# cp /etc/authdaemonrc.dist/etc/authdaemonrc [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# cp /etc/authmysqlrc.dist/etc/authmysqlrc [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# vim /etc/authdaemonrc//配置文件里的验证方法比较多，我们这里只使用authmysql authmodulelist="authmysql" authmodulelistorig="authmysql" [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# vim /etc/authmysqlrc//直接添加到配置文件尾部，然后去上面将响应系统默认的注视掉，或者删除即可 MYSQL_SERVERlocalhost MYSQL_USERNAMEextmail MYSQL_PASSWORDextmail MYSQL_SOCKET/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock MYSQL_PORT3306 MYSQL_DATABASEextmail MYSQL_USER_TABLEmailbox MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELDpassword DEFAULT_DOMAINtest.com MYSQL_UID_FIELD'2525' MYSQL_GID_FIELD'2525' MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELDusername MYSQL_HOME_FIELDconcat('/var/mailbox/',homedir) MYSQL_NAME_FIELDname MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELDconcat('/var/mailbox/',maildir)

3、courier-authlib添加服务启动脚本及其他

[root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# cp courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/init.d/courier-authlib [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/courier-authlib [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# chkconfig --add courier-authlib [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# chkconfig courier-authlib on [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.2]# echo "/usr/local/courier-authlib/lib/courier-authlib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/courier-authlib.conf [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.1]# ldconfig [root@localhostcourier-authlib-0.66.1]# service courier-authlib start Starting Courier authentication services: authdaemond

4、smtp以及虚拟用户相关的设置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib64/sasl2/smtpd.conf//文件不存在，要自己创建 pwcheck_method: authdaemond log_level: 3 mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN authdaemond_path:/usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf ##postfix支持SMTP## smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = '' smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination broken_sasl_auth_clients=yes smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous ##postfix支持虚拟用户## virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mailbox virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf//这里的配置文件需在后面extman 里复制过来 virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf virtual_alias_domains = virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:2525 virtual_gid_maps = static:2525 virtual_transport = virtual

五、安装extmail
extmail和extman可通过这两个链接下载
【开发工具|CentOS7下搭建postfix邮件服务器实现extmail的web访问】http://7xivyw.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/extmail-1.2.tar.gz

http://7xivyw.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/extman-1.1.tar.gz
1、创建目录并解压

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/www/extsuite [root@localhost ~]# tar xf extmail-1.2.tar.gz -C /var/www/extsuite/ [root@localhost ~]# mv /var/www/extsuite/extmail-1.2/ /var/www/extsuite/extmail

2、更改extmail的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail [root@localhost extmail]# cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf [root@localhost extmail]# vim webmail.cf SYS_SESS_DIR = /tmp/extmail SYS_UPLOAD_TMPDIR = /tmp/extmail/upload SYS_USER_LANG = zh_CN SYS_MIN_PASS_LEN = 8 SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail SYS_MYSQL_DB = extmail SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock SYS_MYSQL_TABLE = mailbox SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_USERNAME = username SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_DOMAIN = domain SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_PASSWD = password SYS_AUTHLIB_SOCKET = /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket

[root@localhost extmail]# mkdir -p /tmp/extmail/upload [root@localhost extmail]# chown -R postfix.postfix /tmp/extmail/

六、安装extman
1、解压extman

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf extman-1.1.tar.gz -C /var/www/extsuite/ [root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/extsuite/ [root@localhost extsuite]# mv extman-1.1/ extman

2、更改extman配置文件

[root@localhost extsuite]# cd extman/ [root@localhost extman]# cp webman.cf.default webman.cf

3、更改cgi目录属主属组

[root@localhost extman]# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/ [root@localhost extman]# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/

4、导入数据库
由于数据库不能识别TYPE=MyISAM，所以这里直接导入会出错，先编辑extmail.sql数据库文件，将TYPE=MyISAM更改为ENGINE=MyISAM

[root@localhost extman]# vim docs/extmail.sql :% s/TYPE/ENGINE/g

共有五处修改
导入还是会报错

[root@localhost extman]# mysql -uroot < docs/extmail.sql ERROR 1364 (HY000) at line 31: Field 'ssl_cipher' doesn't have a default value

此处需要修改my.cnf配置文件

[root@localhost extman]# vim /etc/my.cnf # Recommended in standard MySQL setup #sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES//将这行注视掉，重启mysql，这里需要注意的是，等数据库导入成功后，这项是不可以去掉注释的，不然mysql就启动不起来了。再次导入数据库 [root@localhost extman]# mysql -uroot < docs/extmail.sql [root@localhost extman]# mysql -uroot < docs/init.sql

5、创建数据库用户extmail并授予权限

mysql> GRANT ALL ON extmail.* to extmail@'%' identified by 'extmail'; //这里直接在授权任何权限在任意地址上了 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

6、复制四-4提到的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs/ [root@localhost docs]# cp mysql_virtual_* /etc/postfix/

6、为extman创建临时目录

[root@localhost extman]# mkdir /tmp/extman [root@localhost extman]# chown -R postfix.postfix /tmp/extman/

7、启动postfix、dovecot、saslauthd

[root@localhost extman]# ss -tnluo | grep :25 tcpLISTEN0100*:25*:* [root@localhost extman]# ps aux | grep dovecot root22200.10.3156161508 ?Ss03:020:00 /usr/sbin/dovecot -F dovecot22230.00.193121004 ?S03:020:00 dovecot/anvil root22240.00.294401172 ?S03:020:00 dovecot/log root22260.00.4124282184 ?S03:020:00 dovecot/config root22400.00.1 112640972 pts/0R+03:020:00 grep --color=auto dovecot [root@localhost extman]# ps aux | grep saslauthd root22300.00.171944916 ?Ss03:020:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /run/saslauthd -a pam root22310.00.171944676 ?S03:020:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /run/saslauthd -a pam root22320.00.171944676 ?S03:020:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /run/saslauthd -a pam root22330.00.171944676 ?S03:020:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /run/saslauthd -a pam root22340.00.171944676 ?S03:020:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /run/saslauthd -a pam root22420.00.1 112640668 pts/0R+03:030:00 grep --color=auto saslauthd

七、测试
1、测试虚拟用户

[root@localhost courier-authlib-0.66.2]# /usr/local/courier-authlib/sbin/authtest -s login postmaster@extmail.org extmail Authentication succeeded.//显示这个表示成功，测试时使用的是postmaster@extmail.org，因为我们导入的数据库init.sql里面自带了这个。 Authenticated: postmaster@extmail.org(uid 2525, gid 2525) Home Directory: /var/mailbox/extmail.org/postmaster//这里需要注意/var/mailbox这个目录现在我们还没有创建，后面web访问的时候如果没有会报错,所以提前创建。 Maildir: /var/mailbox/extmail.org/postmaster/Maildir/ Quota: (none) Encrypted Password: $1$phz1mRrj$3ok6BjeaoJYWDBsEPZb5C0 Cleartext Password: extmail Options: (none) [root@localhost courier-authlib-0.66.2]# mkdir /var/mailbox [root@localhost courier-authlib-0.66.2]# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/mailbox/

不创建的话会报错

2、测试smtp发信

[root@localhost ~]# printf"postmaster@extmail.org" | openssl base64 cG9zdG1hc3RlckBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw== [root@localhost ~]#printf"extmail" | openssl base64 ZXh0bWFpbA== [root@localhost ~]# telnet localhost 25 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. 220 mail.daen.com ESMTP Postfix auth login 334 VXNlcm5hbWU6 cG9zdG1hc3RlckBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw== 334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6 ZXh0bWFpbA== 235 2.7.0 Authentication successful//成功 quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host.

八、启动nginx实现web访问
1、nginx本身并不能解析cgi，extmail自带了解析cgi的程序，但是有些地方需要修改下

[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init SU_UID=postfix SU_GID=postfix

启动dispatch-init

[root@localhost ~]# /var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init start Starting extmail FCGI server...

启动cmdserver，不启动会出现Connection refused

[root@localhost ~]# /var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver -v -d loaded ok

2、添加nginx虚拟主机

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/extmail.conf

server { listen8080; server_namemail.everyoo.com; index index.html index.htm index.php index.cgi; root/var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/; location /extmail/cgi/ { fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:8888; fastcgi_indexindex.cgi; fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/$fastcgi_script_name; includefcgi.conf; } location/extmail/{ alias/var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/; } location /extman/cgi/ { fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:8888; fastcgi_indexindex.cgi; fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/$fastcgi_script_name; includefcgi.conf; } location /extman/ { alias/var/www/extsuite/extman/html/; } access_log/var/log/extmail_access.log; }

生成fcgi.conf

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/fcgi.conf fastcgi_paramGATEWAY_INTERFACECGI/1.1; fastcgi_paramSERVER_SOFTWAREnginx; fastcgi_paramQUERY_STRING$query_string; fastcgi_paramREQUEST_METHOD$request_method; fastcgi_paramCONTENT_TYPE$content_type; fastcgi_paramCONTENT_LENGTH$content_length; fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_NAME$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_paramREQUEST_URI$request_uri; fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_ROOT$document_root; fastcgi_paramSERVER_PROTOCOL$server_protocol; fastcgi_paramREMOTE_ADDR$remote_addr; fastcgi_paramREMOTE_PORT$remote_port; fastcgi_paramSERVER_ADDR$server_addr; fastcgi_paramSERVER_PORT$server_port; fastcgi_paramSERVER_NAME$server_name;

重启nginx，访问192.168.1.105:8080
出错，需要安装Unix::Syslog

安装Unix::Syslog

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/M/MH/MHARNISCH/Unix-Syslog-1.1.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# tar xf Unix-Syslog-1.1.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd Unix-Syslog-1.1[root@localhost Unix-Syslog-1.1]# perl Makefile.PL [root@localhost Unix-Syslog-1.1]# make && make install

再次访问就可以了，extman的登录账户为root@extmail.org密码为extmail*123*，首次使用需要先添加域，添加之后再修改域，改为可自由注册，再注册用户就可以登录发邮件了

九、问题集锦
图形日志无法查看，后续补充

另外参考了两篇文章，非常感谢！
http://hypocritical.blog.51cto.com/3388028/1403385

http://www.programaloco.com/blog/MIzMyADMwATz.html

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/linuxu/1641436