为什么交易发送失败了区块链区块链开发

【为什么交易发送失败了】在 Conflux 网络，通过 cfx_sendRawTransaction 方法发送交易时，如果交易构造不对，发送将会失败。其中一些错误比较常见比如：

使用了已被执行过的 nonce
使用了已经被发送到交易池中的 nonce

另外还有几种发送失败的情况:

chainId 使用不匹配
epochHeight 太大
gas 超过 1500w (half of block gas limit)
gas 小余 21000
data 过大 (超过 200K)
gasPrice 设置为 0
签名错误
交易池满

如下是交易发送失败时 cfx_sendRawTransaction 方法返回的 RPC 错误
nonce 使用错误使用了已经被执行的 nonce

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"Transaction 0x4a2cfa73267139d965ab86d41f2af16db09e62ff92a5abffd7f8e743f36f327c is discarded due to a too stale nonce\"" } }

此种情况需改为当前可以用的（未用的） nonce
使用了已经被发送到交易池中的 nonce

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"tx already exist\"" } }

或

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "Tx with same nonce already inserted. To replace it, you need to specify a gas price > {}" } }

对于这两种情况代表交易已经被发到交易池中了，如果想更新或替换交易的话，可以使用同样的 nonce, 修改对应的字段，并提高 gasPrice 重新发送
使用了过大的 nonce
发送交易的 nonce 不能币用户当前 nonce 过大，如果超过 2000 将遇到如下错误:

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"Transaction 0xc875a03e1ce01268931a1a428d8f8313714ab5eb9c2b626bd327af7e5c3e8c03 is discarded due to in too distant future\"" } }

gas 如果交易的 gas 太小(<21000)或太大(>1500w)会返回如下错误:

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"NotEnoughBaseGas { required: 21000, got: 2000 }\"" } }

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"transaction gas 20000000 exceeds the maximum value 15000000, the half of pivot block gas limit\"" } }

gasPrice 交易的 gasPrice 不能设置为 0:

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"ZeroGasPrice\"" } }

data 交易有大小限制，最大不能超过 200k
epochHeight 如果交易的 epochHeight 跟当前网络的 epochNumber 相比小余超过 10w 会遇到如下错误：

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"EpochHeightOutOfBound { block_height: 53800739, set: 0, transaction_epoch_bound: 100000 }\"" } }

chainId 使用错误

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "\"ChainIdMismatch { expected: 1, got: 2 }\"" } }

编码或签名错误

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: raw", "data": "\"RlpIncorrectListLen\"" } }

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "Can not recover pubkey for Ethereum like tx" } }

交易池满

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "txpool is full" } }

或

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "Failed imported to deferred pool: Transaction Pool is full" } }

对于此种情况，可等待一会重新发送交易，提高交易的 gasPrice 有助于提高发送的几率
其他节点处于 catch-up mode

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32077, "message": "Request rejected due to still in the catch up mode.", "data": null } }

等节点数据同步到最新之后再发送
内部错误

{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "15922956697249514502", "error": { "code": -32602, "message": "Invalid parameters: tx", "data": "Failed to read account_cache from storage: {}" } }