slo-mo慢动作视频处理

slo-mo慢动作视频处理 slo-mo模式是iOS系统拍摄模式的一种,跟其他模式在存储方式上面和有着本质的区别,如下慢动作演示
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文章主要解决以下问题

  1. 慢动作视频时长
  2. 慢动作视频播放原理
  3. 导出视频
  4. 慢动作视频的编辑更新
iOS系统相册的bug
系统相册有个bug,慢动作视频时长显示的是其拍摄时长,而非视频真实播放时长

实际时长为8秒 iOS系统如何播放慢动作视频的
slo-mo模式的视频在相册中存储的是正常拍摄的原视频,其在播放的时候读取本地拍摄时存储的慢拍信息,控制播放速度,而不是生成慢动作视频,这样做猜测是为了播放和展示效率,因为视频导出是很慢的,ps:重要的事高亮说。
iOS系统如何编辑慢拍视频
普通的视频只有裁剪的功能,而slo-mo慢动作模式的视频支持慢放区域的选取,这个影响真实时长,但是不会合成为新的慢拍视频,只是更新慢拍信息,控制播放时候播放速率
image.png 有个认知前提,iOS目前获取视频获取相册都是通过PHFetchResult
获取所有相册
/** 获取所有内容不为空的的相册 */ - (NSArray *)_PHFetchAllUserAlbum:(YYPLFetchOptions *)options{ NSMutableArray *assetAlbums = [NSMutableArray array]; PHFetchResult *result = nil; if (options.disableSmartAlbum) { // 相机胶卷 result = [PHAssetCollection fetchAssetCollectionsWithType:PHAssetCollectionTypeSmartAlbum subtype:PHAssetCollectionSubtypeSmartAlbumUserLibrary options:nil]; } else { // 所有智能相册 result = [PHAssetCollection fetchAssetCollectionsWithType:PHAssetCollectionTypeSmartAlbum subtype:PHAssetCollectionSubtypeAny options:nil]; } // 系统相册+用户创建 for (id elem in result) { if ([elem isKindOfClass:[PHAssetCollection class]]) { [assetAlbums addObject:elem]; } } PHFetchResult *userCreate = [PHCollectionList fetchTopLevelUserCollectionsWithOptions:nil]; for (id elem in userCreate) { if ([elem isKindOfClass:[PHAssetCollection class]]) { [assetAlbums addObject:elem]; } } return [assetAlbums copy]; }

检测慢拍动作的视频,99%的人都会犯的错
requestAVAssetForVideo回调过来的asset绝大多数时候都是AVURLAsset,
所谓AVURLAsset就是可以根据URL直接索引到这个视频,然而当有慢动作这类型的视频的时候就不是这种类型了,而是AVComposition模式。
问题来了,为什么多数时候都不会报错呢,如果是类型不匹配早就崩溃了,
这是因为options.version = PHVideoRequestOptionsVersionCurrent; 这句话,大多数时候都是写成options.version = PHVideoRequestOptionsVersionOriginal; 直接取的原视频,原图片,而不是编辑之后的,因为相机拍完一定是存了一个原视频的,根据这个original去取一定会返回urlasset的。
- (NSString *)PH_requestRealFilePath { __block NSString *filePath = nil; PHImageManager *imageManager = [PHImageManager defaultManager]; switch (self.PH_asset.mediaType) { case PHAssetMediaTypeImage: { PHImageRequestOptions *options = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init]; options.version = PHImageRequestOptionsVersionOriginal; options.deliveryMode = PHImageRequestOptionsDeliveryModeHighQualityFormat; options.synchronous = YES; // use synchronous request [imageManager requestImageDataForAsset:self.PH_asset options:options resultHandler:^(NSData *imageData, NSString *dataUTI, UIImageOrientation orientation, NSDictionary *info) { NSURL *fileURL = info[@"PHImageFileURLKey"]; if (fileURL) { filePath = [fileURL absoluteString]; } }]; return filePath; }case PHAssetMediaTypeVideo: { dispatch_semaphore_t semaphore = dispatch_semaphore_create(0); PHVideoRequestOptions *options = [[PHVideoRequestOptions alloc] init]; options.version =PHVideoRequestOptionsVersionCurrent; //options.version =PHVideoRequestOptionsVersionOriginal; @weakify(self); [imageManager cancelImageRequest:self.phReqId]; __block PHImageRequestIDreqid = 0; reqid =[imageManager requestAVAssetForVideo:self.PH_asset options:options resultHandler:^(AVAsset * _Nullable asset, AVAudioMix * _Nullable audioMix, NSDictionary * _Nullable info) { @strongify(self) if ([[asset class] isSubclassOfClass:[AVURLAsset class]]) { filePath = [[(AVURLAsset *)asset URL] absoluteString]; self.AVURL_asset = (AVURLAsset*)asset; dispatch_semaphore_signal(semaphore); } else if ([[asset class] isSubclassOfClass:[AVComposition class]]){reqid = [YYPLAsset getVideoPathFromPHAsset:self.assetComplete:^(AVURLAsset *avurlAsset,NSString *path, NSString *fileName) { LogInfo(@"YYPLAsset+PH", @"慢节奏视频:%@", path); filePath = path; self.AVURL_asset = avurlAsset; [self PH_duration]; dispatch_semaphore_signal(semaphore); } progressblock:^(float progress) {}]; self.phReqId = reqid; } }]; self.phReqId = reqid; dispatch_semaphore_wait(semaphore, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER); return filePath; }default: { [YYLogger error:@"YYPLAsset+PH" message:@"self.PH_asset.mediaType is out of switch %zd",self.PH_asset.mediaType]; } break; } return nil; }

如何取得视频的真实时长
【slo-mo慢动作视频处理】有几种认识的层次,
  1. 直接从phasset中去取时长,
  2. phasset中的是不准确的
  3. 从导出之后的视频中去获取
  4. 或许还有其他的办法取得
    经过前面的铺垫想必你一定能达到第三个层次了,因为相册中的duration是不准确的,那只是拍摄时候的时长,但是从导出的视频中获取未免也太久了,因为视频导出时间很耗时 ,同上,况且时长而已嘛,一定没有那么复杂,另外微信可以直接读取真实的慢拍时长,这个时间几乎忽略不计,于是还得再找找相关的方法,于是找到了这个
- (void)PH_getRealDuration:(void (^)(double dur))resultBlock { dispatch_semaphore_t semaphore = dispatch_semaphore_create(0); PHVideoRequestOptions *options = [[PHVideoRequestOptions alloc] init]; //FIXME:选择使用非均匀速率视频需要改回来 options.version =PHVideoRequestOptionsVersionCurrent; __block double dur = 0; [[PHImageManager defaultManager] requestPlayerItemForVideo:self.PH_asset options:options resultHandler:^(AVPlayerItem * _Nullable playerItem, NSDictionary * _Nullable info) { dur = CMTimeGetSeconds(playerItem.duration); //慢拍视频 playerItem.asset 是一个AVComposition的类 NSLog(@"获取真实文件时长:%.2f",dur); dispatch_semaphore_signal(semaphore); }]; dispatch_semaphore_wait(semaphore, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER); if (!isnan(dur) && dur>0) { resultBlock(dur); return; } dur =CMTimeGetSeconds(self.AVURL_asset.duration); if (isnan(dur) || !dur) { dur =self.PH_asset.duration; } resultBlock(dur); }

requestPlayerItemForVideo api可以获取playerItem,里面的duration可以转换为真实时长,此方法并不耗时。
导出视频
慢拍真实视频是不存在的,必须要通过自有的api导出,其原理是读取当时慢拍保存的信息tracks等进行分步合成。
static int getPHAssetRandomKey(){ static int curRandomKey; static dispatch_once_t onceToken; dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ curRandomKey = arc4random()%1000; }); return curRandomKey; }typedef void(^ResultPath)(AVURLAsset *avurlAsset,NSString *filePath, NSString *fileName); + (PHImageRequestID)getVideoPathFromPHAsset:(PHAsset *)asset Complete:(ResultPath)result progressblock:(void (^)(float progress))progressblock { NSArray *assetResources = [PHAssetResource assetResourcesForAsset:asset]; PHAssetResource *resource; for (PHAssetResource *assetRes in assetResources) { if (@available(iOS 9.1, *)) { if (assetRes.type == PHAssetResourceTypePairedVideo || assetRes.type == PHAssetResourceTypeVideo) { resource = assetRes; } } else { // Fallback on earlier versions } } NSString *fileName = @"tempAssetVideo.mov"; if (resource.originalFilename) { fileName = resource.originalFilename; }if (@available(iOS 9.1, *)) { if (asset.mediaType == PHAssetMediaTypeVideo || asset.mediaSubtypes == PHAssetMediaSubtypePhotoLive) { PHVideoRequestOptions *options = [[PHVideoRequestOptions alloc] init]; options.version = PHImageRequestOptionsVersionCurrent; options.deliveryMode = PHImageRequestOptionsDeliveryModeHighQualityFormat; NSString *PATH_MOVIE_FILE = [NSTemporaryDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"sol-mo-%d-%@",getPHAssetRandomKey(),fileName]]; if ([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:PATH_MOVIE_FILE]) { NSURL * url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:PATH_MOVIE_FILE] ; NSDictionary *options = @{ AVURLAssetPreferPreciseDurationAndTimingKey : @YES }; AVURLAsset *avasset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:url options:options]; result(avasset,url.absoluteString,fileName); return 0; } [[NSFileManager defaultManager] removeItemAtPath:PATH_MOVIE_FILE error:nil]; PHImageManager *manager = [PHImageManager defaultManager]; PHImageRequestID reqid = [manager requestExportSessionForVideo:asset options:options exportPreset:AVAssetExportPreset960x540 resultHandler:^(AVAssetExportSession * _Nullable exportSession, NSDictionary * _Nullable info) {NSString *savePath = PATH_MOVIE_FILE; exportSession.outputURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:savePath]; exportSession.shouldOptimizeForNetworkUse = NO; exportSession.outputFileType = AVFileTypeMPEG4; [exportSession exportAsynchronouslyWithCompletionHandler:^{ switch ([exportSession status]) { case AVAssetExportSessionStatusCompleted: { NSURL * fileurl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:PATH_MOVIE_FILE]; NSDictionary *options = @{ AVURLAssetPreferPreciseDurationAndTimingKey : @YES }; AVURLAsset *avasset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:fileurl options:options]; result(avasset,fileurl.absoluteString,fileName); break; } case AVAssetExportSessionStatusFailed: case AVAssetExportSessionStatusCancelled: default: { [[NSFileManager defaultManager] removeItemAtPath:PATH_MOVIE_FILE error:nil]; result(nil,nil, nil); break; } } }]; }]; return reqid; } else { result(nil,nil, nil); } } else { // Fallback on earlier versions } return 0; }

再次说一句,导出时长是比较漫长的,大概一分钟真实时长导出需要十多秒,这样子的情况测试是会提bug的,产品可能是不会接受的,那么如何优化呢
优化导出时长
由于涉及到系统的api使用,目前从导出时长上面是无法缩短到明显的地步的
但是,让用户感觉时长没那么久,那就可以做很多事情了
有以下思路
  1. 加进度,导出的进度没有回调,没有kvo监听,但是有个progress可以实时获取,这里可以给一个定时器实时去取AVAssetExportSession的progress
    苹果的api如是说,
/* Specifies the progress of the export on a scale from 0 to 1.0.A value of 0 means the export has not yet begun, A value of 1.0 means the export is complete. This property is not key-value observable. */ @property (nonatomic, readonly) float progress;

  1. 后台去合成,不阻塞用户当前操作
    但是要同时处理合成成功和失败的时机,在业务上做对应处理
  2. 播放器直接支持AVCompont格式创建播放器
    这个方式几乎不用任何等待,直接进入下一步操作,与ios相册播放器一样处理,确保用户体验友好。但是代价大,需要重写你的播放器生成方式。
  3. 或许你还有其他的更好方式,欢迎留言

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