通用功能|windows上mysql安装 mysql|数据库|windows

mysql安装

前言
下载zip包
创建my.ini
初始化数据库
安装服务
- 服务卸载
启动服务
修改密码
总结

前言 msi安装傻瓜式，这里不做赘述，但要注意的是版本不一样可能有些许设置差别。这里主要记录windows上的安装。Linux上有很好安装体验不多说。
下载zip包解压到空间较大盘符

文章图片

创建my.ini 在根目录(bin同级)创建my.ini配置文件。一定要在根目录(8.11版本msi安装后自动生成的却是在C:\ProgramData\Mysql8.0),但当前必须在根目录。初始化的时候，会自动来找，如果没有ini文件,会自动根目录下的创建data文件夹。所以根目录最保险，无论什么版本都可以找到。mysql版本变动带来的安装问题数不胜数。

#客户端 [client]# pipe=# socket=MYSQL #设置端口，编码客户端自己设置 port=3306[mysql] no-beep# default-character-set= # server_type=3 # 服务端 [mysqld]# The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below. # skip-networking # enable-named-pipe # shared-memory# shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL# The Pipe the MySQL Server will use # socket=mysql=MYSQL# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on port=3306# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this. #指定安装目录，所有路径解析依赖。可以不设置 basedir=F:\Program Files\mysql-8.0.29-winx64\# Path to the database root # 数据存放目录，data目录不要自己创建 datadir=F:\ProgramData\Mysql8.0.29\data# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is # created and no character set is defined # character-set-server=# The default authentication plugin to be used when connecting to the server default_authentication_plugin=caching_sha2_password# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when default-storage-engine=INNODB# Set the SQL mode to strict sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"# General and Slow logging. log-output=FILE general-log=0 general_log_file="LAPTOP-GOGQBJSE.log" slow-query-log=1 slow_query_log_file="LAPTOP-GOGQBJSE-slow.log" long_query_time=10# Binary Logging. # log-bin# Error Logging. log-error="LAPTOP-GOGQBJSE.err"# Server Id. server-id=1# Secure File Priv. secure-file-priv="F:\ProgramData\Mysql8.0.29\Uploads"# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will # allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with # SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the # connection limit has been reached. max_connections=151# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value # increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires. # Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files # allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in # section [mysqld_safe] table_open_cache=2000# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table # grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk # based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many # of them. tmp_table_size=16M# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client # disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't # more than thread_cache_size threads from before.This greatly reduces # the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new # connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance # improvement if you have a good thread implementation.) thread_cache_size=10#*** MyISAM Specific options # The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while # recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE. # If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created # through the key cache (which is slower). myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger # than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the # key cache method.This is mainly used to force long character keys in # large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index. myisam_sort_buffer_size=8M# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables. # Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory # is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using # MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be # used for internal temporary disk tables. key_buffer_size=8M# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables. # Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed. read_buffer_size=0read_rnd_buffer_size=0#*** INNODB Specific options *** # innodb_data_home_dir=# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled # but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space # and speed up some things. # skip-innodb# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the # disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are # willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small # transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the # logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and # the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2 # means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log # file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as # it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed # once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large # (even with long transactions). innodb_log_buffer_size=1M# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and # row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to # access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this # parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it # too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may # cause paging in the operating system.Note that on 32bit systems you # might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not # set it too high. innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size # of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid # unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However, # note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the # recovery process. innodb_log_file_size=48M# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value # depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS # scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing. innodb_thread_concurrency=17# The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full. innodb_autoextend_increment=64# The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into. # For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency, # by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages. innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8# Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently. innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000# Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before # it can be moved to the new sublist. innodb_old_blocks_time=1000# It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10. innodb_open_files=300# When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements. innodb_stats_on_metadata=https://www.it610.com/article/0# When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table # in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace. innodb_file_per_table=1# Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none. innodb_checksum_algorithm=0# The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have. # This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time. # It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread. # The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily # stops answering new requests. # You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time. back_log=80# If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and # synchronize unflushed data to disk. # This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources. flush_time=0# The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use # indexes and thus perform full table scans. join_buffer_size=256K# The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the # mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function. max_allowed_packet=4M# If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection, # the server blocks that host from performing further connections. max_connect_errors=100# Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld. # You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error"Too many open files". open_files_limit=4161# If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the # sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization # or improved indexing. sort_buffer_size=256K# The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache. # If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables. # The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache. # The minimum and default values are both 400. table_definition_cache=1400# Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes. # Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256. binlog_row_event_max_size=8K# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events. sync_master_info=10000# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log. sync_relay_log=10000# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions. sync_relay_log_info=10000# Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y". # plugin_load# MySQL server's plugin configuration. # loose_mysqlx_port=33060

初始化数据库 mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --console 生成data文件夹，跳过密码。这一步才是真正意义的安装，展开data文件,搭建数据库。
安装服务 mysqld --install MySql8029,注册mysql服务到windows。这一步不要添加一些没意义参数，因为最终都会作为服务的参数。除非你设置一些启动参数。服务名不要带双引号，会一起被放到名字中。默认服务名mysql.当你的数据库服务多个时就需要起不同名字。
服务卸载 mysqld --remove,如果不是默认服务名只能用sc delete xxxservicename。
启动服务 net start 服务名，当你起了服务名就用服务名，否则会报错。
修改密码很多人拿着5.7的语法在这莫名奇妙的错。最新的mysql用下面的不会有问题
ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxx23#'
总结 【通用功能|windows上mysql安装】很多文章不理解安装步骤，按部就班成功了也就算了，不成功改改碰碰运气。实质最重要的就是initialize，install。初始化一定记得跳过密码，或consle打出密码，否则无法登录。