K6 在 Nebula Graph 上的压测实践
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背景
对于数据库来说,性能测试是一个非常频繁的事情。优化查询引擎的规则,调整存储引擎的参数等,都需要通过性能测试,查看系统在不同场景下的影响。
即便是同样的代码,同样的参数配置,在不同的机器资源配置,不同的业务场景下也有较大的区别,记录一下内部的压测实践过程,有一个参考。
本文中操作系统为 x86 架构 CentOS 7.8。
部署 nebula 的机器配置为 4C 16G 内存,SSD 磁盘,万兆网络。
工具
- nebula-ansible 用于部署 nebula 服务
- nebula-importer 用于导入数据到 nebula 集群中
- k6-plugin k6 压测工具,里面使用 go 客户端向 nebula 集群发起请求
- nebula-bench 整合了生成 LDBC 数据集,数据导入和压测。
- ldbc_snb_datagen_hadoop LDBC 数据生成工具
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部署拓扑,使用 1 台机器作为压测负载机,3 台机器组成一个 nebula 集群
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为了方便监控,压测负载机还部署了:
- Promethues
- Influxdb
- Grafana
- node-exporter
- node-exporter
- process-exporter
- 先初始化用户,打通 ssh
- 分别登录 192.168.8.60,192.168.8.61,192.168.8.62,192.168.8.63,创建 vesoft 用户,加入 sudoer 中,并设置 NOPASSWD。
- 登录 192.168.8.60,打通 ssh
ssh-keygenssh-copy-id vesoft@192.168.8.61 ssh-copy-id vesoft@192.168.8.62 ssh-copy-id vesoft@192.168.8.63
- 下载 nebula-ansible,安装 ansible,修改 ansible 配置
sudo yum install ansible -y git clone https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-ansible cd nebula-ansible/# 因为默认是国际 cdn,改为国内的 cdn sed -i 's/oss-cdn.nebula-graph.io/oss-cdn.nebula-graph.com.cn/g' group_vars/all.yml
[all:vars]
# GA or nightly
install_source_type = GA
nebula_version = 2.0.1
os_version = el7
arc = x86_64
pkg = rpmpackages_dir = {{ playbook_dir }}/packages
deploy_dir = /home/vesoft/nebula
data_dir = {{ deploy_dir }}/data# ssh user
ansible_ssh_user = vesoftforce_download = False[metad]
192.168.8.[61:63][graphd]
192.168.8.[61:63][storaged]
192.168.8.[61:63]
- 安装并启动 nebula
ansible-playbook install.yml ansible-playbook start.yml
为了方便部署,使用 Docker-Compose 运行,需要先在机器上安装 Docker 和 Docker-Compose。
登录 192.168.8.60 压测机
git clone https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-bench.gitcd nebula-bench
cp -r third/promethues ~/.
cp -r third/exporter ~/.cd ~/exporter/ && docker-compose up -dcd ~/promethues
# 修改监控节点的 exporter 的地址
# vi prometheus.yml
docker-compose up -d# 复制 exporter 到 192.168.8.61,192.168.8.62,192.168.8.63,然后启动 docker-compse
配置 grafana 的数据源和 dashboard,具体见 https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-bench/tree/master/third 。
生成 LDBC 数据集
cd nebula-benchsudo yum install -y git \
make \
file \
libev \
libev-devel \
gcc \
wget \
python3 \
python3-devel \
java-1.8.0-openjdk \
mavenpip3 install --user -r requirements.txt# 默认生成 sf1, 1G的数据,300w+点,1700w+边
python3 run.py data# mv 生成好的数据
mv target/data/test_data/ ./sf1
导入数据
cd nebula-bench
# 修改 .evn
cp env .env
vi .env
以下是 .env 示例
DATA_FOLDER=sf1
NEBULA_SPACE=sf1
NEBULA_USER=root
NEBULA_PASSWORD=nebula
NEBULA_ADDRESS=192.168.8.61:9669,192.168.8.62:9669,192.168.8.63:9669
#NEBULA_MAX_CONNECTION=100
INFLUXDB_URL=http://192.168.8.60:8086/k6
# 编译 nebula-importer 和 k6
./scripts/setup.sh# 导入数据
python3 run.py nebula importer
导入过程中,可以重点关注以下网络带宽和磁盘 io 写。
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执行压测
python3 run.py stress run
会根据 scenarios 里的代码,自动渲染出 js 文件,然后使用 k6 压测所有场景。
执行后,js 文件和压测结果都在 output 文件夹中。
其中
latency
是服务端返回的 latency 时间, responseTime
是客户端从发起 execute 到接收的时间,单位 us。[vesoft@qa-60 nebula-bench]$ more output/result_Go1Step.json
{
"metrics": {
"data_sent": {
"count": 0,
"rate": 0
},
"checks": {
"passes": 1667632,
"fails": 0,
"value": 1
},
"data_received": {
"count": 0,
"rate": 0
},
"iteration_duration": {
"min": 0.610039,
"avg": 3.589942336582023,
"med": 2.9560145,
"max": 1004.232905,
"p(90)": 6.351617299999998,
"p(95)": 7.997563949999995,
"p(99)": 12.121579809999997
},
"latency": {
"min": 308,
"avg": 2266.528722763775,
"med": 1867,
"p(90)": 3980,
"p(95)": 5060,
"p(99)": 7999
},
"responseTime": {
"max": 94030,
"p(90)": 6177,
"p(95)": 7778,
"p(99)": 11616,
"min": 502,
"avg": 3437.376111156418,
"med": 2831
},
"iterations": {
"count": 1667632,
"rate": 27331.94978169588
},
"vus": {
"max": 100,
"value": 100,
"min": 0
[vesoft@qa-60 nebula-bench]$ head -300 output/output_Go1Step.csv | grep -v USE
timestamp,nGQL,latency,responseTime,isSucceed,rows,errorMsg
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 4398046516514 OVER KNOWS,1217,1536,true,1,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 2199023262994 OVER KNOWS,1388,1829,true,94,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 1129 OVER KNOWS,1488,2875,true,14,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069771578 OVER KNOWS,1139,1647,true,30,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 2199023261211 OVER KNOWS,1399,2096,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 2199023256684 OVER KNOWS,1377,2202,true,4,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 4398046515995 OVER KNOWS,1487,2017,true,39,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116278700 OVER KNOWS,837,1381,true,3,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 933 OVER KNOWS,1130,3422,true,5,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069771971 OVER KNOWS,1022,2292,true,60,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116279952 OVER KNOWS,1221,1758,true,3,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093031179 OVER KNOWS,1252,1811,true,13,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116279792 OVER KNOWS,1115,1858,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069777326 OVER KNOWS,1223,2016,true,4,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093028089 OVER KNOWS,1361,2054,true,13,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069777454 OVER KNOWS,1219,2116,true,2,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 13194139536109 OVER KNOWS,1027,1604,true,2,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10027 OVER KNOWS,2212,3016,true,83,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 13194139544176 OVER KNOWS,855,1478,true,29,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116280047 OVER KNOWS,1874,2211,true,12,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 15393162797860 OVER KNOWS,714,1684,true,5,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069770517 OVER KNOWS,2295,3056,true,7,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 17592186050570 OVER KNOWS,768,1630,true,26,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8853 OVER KNOWS,2773,3509,true,14,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 19791209307908 OVER KNOWS,1022,1556,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 13194139544258 OVER KNOWS,1542,2309,true,91,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116285325 OVER KNOWS,1901,2556,true,0,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069774931 OVER KNOWS,2040,3291,true,152,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093025056 OVER KNOWS,2007,2728,true,29,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 21990232560726 OVER KNOWS,1639,2364,true,9,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093030318 OVER KNOWS,2145,2851,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 21990232556027 OVER KNOWS,1784,2554,true,5,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 15393162796879 OVER KNOWS,2621,3184,true,71,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 17592186051113 OVER KNOWS,2052,2990,true,5,
也可以对单个场景压测,不断调整配置参数,来进行对比。
并发读
# 执行 go 2 跳,50 并发,持续 300 秒
python3 run.py stress run -scenario go.Go2Step -vu 50 -d 300
INFO[0302] 2021/08/06 03:55:27 [INFO] finish init the pool? IsSucceed█ setup█ teardownchecks...............: 100.00% ? 1559930? 0
data_received........: 0 B0 B/s
data_sent............: 0 B0 B/s
iteration_duration...: min=687.47μs avg=9.6msmed=8.04ms max=1.03sp(90)=18.41ms p(95)=22.58ms p(99)=31.87ms
iterations...........: 1559930 5181.432199/s
latency..............: min=398avg=6847.850345 med=5736max=222542 p(90)=13046p(95)=16217p(99)=23448
responseTime.........: min=603avg=9460.857877 med=7904max=226992 p(90)=18262p(95)=22429p(99)=31726.71
vus..................: 50min=0max=50
vus_max..............: 50min=50max=50
同时可以观察监控的各个指标。
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checks 是校验请求是否执行成功,如果执行失败,会在 csv 中保存失败的错误消息。
awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' output/output_Go2Step.csv|sort |uniq -c
# 执行 go 2 跳,200 并发,持续 300 秒
python3 run.py stress run -scenario go.Go2Step -vu 200 -d 300
INFO[0302] 2021/08/06 04:02:34 [INFO] finish init the pool? IsSucceed█ setup█ teardownchecks...............: 100.00% ? 1866850? 0
data_received........: 0 B0 B/s
data_sent............: 0 B0 B/s
iteration_duration...: min=724.77μs avg=32.12msmed=25.56ms max=1.03sp(90)=63.07ms p(95)=84.52msp(99)=123.92ms
iterations...........: 1866850 6200.23481/s
latency..............: min=395avg=25280.893558 med=20411max=312781 p(90)=48673p(95)=64758p(99)=97993.53
responseTime.........: min=627avg=31970.234329 med=25400max=340299 p(90)=62907p(95)=84361.55 p(99)=123750
vus..................: 200min=0max=200
vus_max..............: 200min=200max=200
grafana 上 k6 的监控数据
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并发写
# 执行 insert,200 并发,持续 300 秒,默认 batchSize 100
python3 run.py stress run -scenario go.Go2Step -vu 200 -d 300
可以手动修改一下 js 文件,调整 batchSize
sed -i 's/batchSize = 100/batchSize = 300/g' output/InsertPersonScenario.js# 手动运行 k6
scripts/k6 run output/InsertPersonScenario.js -u 400 -d 30s --summary-trend-stats "min,avg,med,max,p(90),p(95),p(99)" --summary-export output/result_InsertPersonScenario.json --out influxdb=http://192.168.8.60:8086/k6
当 batchSize 为 300,并发为 400 的时候,就会错误产生。
INFO[0032] 2021/08/06 04:03:49 [INFO] finish init the pool? IsSucceed
?96% — ? 31257 / ? 1103█ setup█ teardownchecks...............: 96.59% ? 31257? 1103
data_received........: 0 B0 B/s
data_sent............: 0 B0 B/s
iteration_duration...: min=12.56ms avg=360.11msmed=319.12ms max=2.07sp(90)=590.31ms p(95)=696.69ms p(99)=958.32ms
iterations...........: 323601028.339207/s
latency..............: min=4642avg=206931.543016 med=206162max=915671p(90)=320397.4 p(95)=355798.7 p(99)=459521.39
responseTime.........: min=6272avg=250383.122188 med=239297.5 max=1497159 p(90)=384190.5 p(95)=443439.6 p(99)=631460.92
vus..................: 400min=0max=400
vus_max..............: 400min=400max=400
awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' output/output_InsertPersonScenario.csv|sort |uniq -c
31660
1103error: E_CONSENSUS_ERROR(-16)."
1 errorMsg
发现是
E_CONSENSUS_ERROR
,应该是并发大的时候,raft 的 appendlog buffer overflow 了,可以调整相关的参数。总结
- 使用 LDBC 作为标准数据集,数据特征会标准一些,可以生成更多的数据比如 10 亿点,而数据结构是一样的。
- 使用 k6 作为压测负载工具,二进制相比 Jmeter 更方便,而且因为 k6 底层使用 Golang 的 goroutine,相比 Jmeter 使用更少的资源。
- 通过工具,模拟各种场景或者调整 nebula 的参数,可以更好的使用到服务器资源。
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