Java|Java Springboot websocket使用案例详解 JavaSpringbootwebsocket使用案例详解

什么是WebSocket WebSocket是一种在单个TCP连接上进行全双工通信的协议 …
为什么要实现握手监控管理如果说，连接随意创建，不管的话，会存在错误，broken pipe
表面看单纯报错，并没什么功能缺陷等，但实际，请求数增加，容易导致系统奔溃。这边画重点。
出现原因有很多种，目前我这边出现的原因，是因为客户端已关闭连接，服务端还持续推送导致。
如何使用下面将使用springboot集成的webSocket
导入Maven
首先SpringBoot版本

org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-parent1.5.8.RELEASE

集成websocket

// 加个web集成吧org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-weborg.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-websocket

Java代码 Config配置
首先，我们需要重写WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory 主要用来监控客户端握手连接进来以及挥手关闭连接
代码需要一个管理Socket的类

package com.li.manager; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; /** * socket管理器 */@Slf4jpublic class SocketManager {private static ConcurrentHashMap manager = new ConcurrentHashMap(); public static void add(String key, WebSocketSession webSocketSession) {log.info("新添加webSocket连接 {} ", key); manager.put(key, webSocketSession); }public static void remove(String key) {log.info("移除webSocket连接 {} ", key); manager.remove(key); }public static WebSocketSession get(String key) {log.info("获取webSocket连接 {}", key); return manager.get(key); }}

package com.li.factory; import com.li.manager.SocketManager; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus; import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler; import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession; import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.WebSocketHandlerDecorator; import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory; import java.security.Principal; /** * 服务端和客户端在进行握手挥手时会被执行 */@Component@Slf4jpublic class WebSocketDecoratorFactory implements WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory {@Overridepublic WebSocketHandler decorate(WebSocketHandler handler) {return new WebSocketHandlerDecorator(handler) {@Overridepublic void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {log.info("有人连接啦sessionId = {}", session.getId()); Principal principal = session.getPrincipal(); if (principal != null) {log.info("key = {} 存入", principal.getName()); // 身份校验成功，缓存socket连接SocketManager.add(principal.getName(), session); }super.afterConnectionEstablished(session); }@Overridepublic void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {log.info("有人退出连接啦sessionId = {}", session.getId()); Principal principal = session.getPrincipal(); if (principal != null) {// 身份校验成功，移除socket连接SocketManager.remove(principal.getName()); }super.afterConnectionClosed(session, closeStatus); }}; }}

注意：以上session变量，需要注意两点，一个是getId(),一个是getPrincipal().getName() getId() ：返回的是唯一的会话标识符。
getPrincipal() : 经过身份验证，返回Principal实例，未经过身份验证，返回null
Principal: 委托人的抽象概念,可以是公司id，名字，用户唯一识别token等
当你按上面代码使用，你会发现getPrincipal()返回null，为什么？这边还需要重写一个DefaultHandshakeHandler 代码

package com.li.handler; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.server.ServletServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler; import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.DefaultHandshakeHandler; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.security.Principal; import java.util.Map; /** * 我们可以通过请求信息，比如token、或者session判用户是否可以连接，这样就能够防范非法用户 */@Slf4j@Componentpublic class PrincipalHandshakeHandler extends DefaultHandshakeHandler {@Overrideprotected Principal determineUser(ServerHttpRequest request, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Map attributes) {/*** 这边可以按你的需求，如何获取唯一的值，既unicode* 得到的值，会在监听处理连接的属性中，既WebSocketSession.getPrincipal().getName()* 也可以自己实现Principal()*/if (request instanceof ServletServerHttpRequest) {ServletServerHttpRequest servletServerHttpRequest = (ServletServerHttpRequest) request; HttpServletRequest httpRequest = servletServerHttpRequest.getServletRequest(); /*** 这边就获取你最熟悉的陌生人,携带参数，你可以cookie，请求头，或者url携带，这边我采用url携带*/final String token = httpRequest.getParameter("token"); if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {return null; }return new Principal() {@Overridepublic String getName() {return token; }}; }return null; }}

需要的东西都有了，那准备装载吧代码

package com.li.config; import com.li.factory.WebSocketDecoratorFactory; import com.li.handler.PrincipalHandshakeHandler; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry; import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketTransportRegistration; /** * WebSocketConfig配置 */@Configuration@EnableWebSocketMessageBrokerpublic class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {@Autowiredprivate WebSocketDecoratorFactory webSocketDecoratorFactory; @Autowiredprivate PrincipalHandshakeHandler principalHandshakeHandler; @Overridepublic void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {/*** myUrl表示你前端到时要对应url映射*/registry.addEndpoint("/myUrl").setAllowedOrigins("*").setHandshakeHandler(principalHandshakeHandler).withSockJS(); }@Overridepublic void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {/*** queue 点对点* topic 广播* user 点对点前缀*/registry.enableSimpleBroker("/queue", "/topic"); registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user"); }@Overridepublic void configureWebSocketTransport(WebSocketTransportRegistration registration) {registration.addDecoratorFactory(webSocketDecoratorFactory); super.configureWebSocketTransport(registration); }}

终于完成了
最后，来一个通过http请求，将其发送到客户端代码

package com.li.controller; import com.li.manager.SocketManager; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo; import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession; import java.util.Map; @RestController@Slf4jpublic class TestController {@Autowiredprivate SimpMessagingTemplate template; /*** 服务器指定用户进行推送,需要前端开通 var socket = new SockJS(host+'/myUrl' + '?token=1234'); */@RequestMapping("/sendUser")public void sendUser(String token) {log.info("token = {} ,对其发送您好", token); WebSocketSession webSocketSession = SocketManager.get(token); if (webSocketSession != null) {/*** 主要防止broken pipe*/template.convertAndSendToUser(token, "/queue/sendUser", "您好"); }}/*** 广播，服务器主动推给连接的客户端*/@RequestMapping("/sendTopic")public void sendTopic() {template.convertAndSend("/topic/sendTopic", "大家晚上好"); }/*** 客户端发消息，服务端接收** @param message*/// 相当于RequestMapping@MessageMapping("/sendServer")public void sendServer(String message) {log.info("message:{}", message); }/*** 客户端发消息，大家都接收，相当于直播说话** @param message* @return*/@MessageMapping("/sendAllUser")@SendTo("/topic/sendTopic")public String sendAllUser(String message) {// 也可以采用template方式return message; }/*** 点对点用户聊天，这边需要注意，由于前端传过来json数据，所以使用@RequestBody* 这边需要前端开通var socket = new SockJS(host+'/myUrl' + '?token=4567'); token为指定name* @param map*/@MessageMapping("/sendMyUser")public void sendMyUser(@RequestBody Map map) {log.info("map = {}", map); WebSocketSession webSocketSession = SocketManager.get(map.get("name")); if (webSocketSession != null) {log.info("sessionId = {}", webSocketSession.getId()); template.convertAndSendToUser(map.get("name"), "/queue/sendUser", map.get("message")); }}}

前端代码可以直接启动

Spring Boot WebSocket+广播式 - 锐客网输入你的名字
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