centos7.3+nginx+uwsgi+virtualenv(python3)+django项目上线部署总结

1.准备工作
1)安装操作系统:Centos7.3 2)关闭防火墙

[root@ITCMDB ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

3)在开发环境上收集项目所有包
(mycmdbtest) C:\Users\surface>pip freeze > plist.txtdiff-match-patch==20121119 Django==2.0.1 django-crispy-forms==1.7.2 django-formtools==2.1 django-import-export==1.0.1 et-xmlfile==1.0.1 future==0.16.0 httplib2==0.11.3 jdcal==1.4 mysqlclient==1.3.13 odfpy==1.3.6 openpyxl==2.5.4 pytz==2018.5 PyYAML==3.13 six==1.11.0 tablib==0.12.1 unicodecsv==0.14.1 xlrd==1.1.0 xlwt==1.3.0

2.安装nginx
1)编辑repo文件
[root@ITCMDB ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1

2)查看
[root@ITCMDB ~]# yum list | grep nginx

3)安装nginx并检查版本
[root@ITCMDB ~]# yum install nginx[root@ITCMDB ~]# nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.14.0 [root@ITCMDB ~]#

3.安装python3.6.5
1)准备工作 安装python3.6可能使用相关软件
[root@ITCMDB /]# yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'[root@ITCMDB /]# yum install -y ncurses-libs zlib-devel mysql-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

下载python3.6.5,并存放在/usr/local目录下
[root@ITCMDB /]# cd /usr/local[root@ITCMDB local]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz

解压下载的压缩包
[root@ITCMDB local]# tar -xzvf Python-3.6.5.tgz -C /temp [root@ITCMDB local]# cd /temp/Python-3.6.5/

2)安装 --prefix选项是配置安装的路径,执行后所有资源文件放在/usr/local目录
[root@ITCMDB Python-3.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local [root@ITCMDB Python-3.6.5]# make [root@ITCMDB Python-3.6.5]# make altinstall

3)修改软链接
[root@ITCMDB bin]# mv python python_old

修改之前一定要对以存在的/usr/bin/python更名,否则出现错误
[root@ITCMDB bin]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python[root@ITCMDB bin]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip3.6 /usr/bin/pip[root@ITCMDB python3]#

4.安装mysql数据库
1)检查系统是否存在
[root@ITCMDB ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql

2)安装MySQL源
[root@ITCMDB ~]# yum localinstall http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

3)安装MySQL
yum install mysql-community-server已安装: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.22-1.el7mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.22-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.22-1.el7 作为依赖被安装: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.22-1.el7mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.22-1.el7替代: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7完毕! [root@ITCMDB ~]#

4)启动MySQL
[root@ITCMDB ~]# systemctl start mysqld

5)获取密码
[root@ITCMDB ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-07-26T03:27:04.577803Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: rGauXA8te:>p [root@ITCMDB ~]#

这里密码为:rGauXA8te:>p
6)进入MySQL
root@ITCMDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.22

7)修改密码 mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'KZbd123469#';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
8)退出
mysql> exit Bye [root@ITCMDB ~]#

9)重启mysql
[root@ITCMDB ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

10)开放远程连接
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "KZbd123460#"; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)mysql>

11)开放3306端口或关闭防火墙
[root@ITCMDB ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent success [root@ITCMDB ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success [root@ITCMDB ~]#

12)远程连接测试
用navicat进行连接
5.安装django2.0.1
[root@ITCMDB local]# pip install django==2.0.1

6.安装uwsgi
[root@ITCMDB local]# pip install uwsgi 测试uwsgi uwsgi --http :9000 --module kzbd_cmdb.wsgi

7.安装virtualenvwrapper虚拟环境
[root@ITCMDB /]# yum install python-setuptools python-devel[root@ITCMDB /]# pip install virtualenvwrapper

接下来编辑.bashrc文件,这是重点
[root@ITCMDB ~]# vi ~/.bashrc 添加下面两行 export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

保存后,重载./bashrc文件
[root@ITCMDB bin]# source ~/.bashrc virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/premkproject virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/postmkproject virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/initialize virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/premkvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/postmkvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/prermvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/postrmvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/predeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/postdeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/preactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/postactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/get_env_details [root@ITCMDB bin]#

8.创建虚拟环境
[root@ITCMDB bin]# mkvirtualenv kzitcmdb Using base prefix '/usr/local' New python executable in /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/python3.6 Also creating executable in /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done. virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/predeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/postdeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/preactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/postactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdb/bin/get_env_details (kzitcmdb) [root@ITCMDB bin]#

创建完成后直接进入虚拟环境,也可以通过workon进入。
9.安装pip包
【centos7.3+nginx+uwsgi+virtualenv(python3)+django项目上线部署总结】将准备的plist.txt上传到服务器
然后执行下面命令
[root@ITCMDB /]# workon kzitcmdb (kzitcmdb) [root@ITCMDB /]# pip install -r plist.txt

10.将项目文件上传到服务器规划的目录
/home/wwwroot
同时,将数据库上传到服务器
本例中,用navicat进行数据库的复制。
此时,可以通过python内置的服务器进行测试
(kzitcmdb) [root@ITCMDB wwwroot]# python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:9999

启动成功后,在浏览器进行测试。
11.配置nginx作为反向代理服务器
在这个目录下新建一个或复制default.conf为itcmdb.conf
[root@ITCMDB conf.d]# pwd /etc/nginx/conf.d

编辑itcmdb.conf
upstream django { # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket server 127.0.0.1:8000; # uwsgi的端口 } # configuration of the servererror_log/home/wwwroot/nginxerror.log; #错误日志 server { # the port your site will be served on listen80; # 端口 server_name 192.168.150.20 ; # 服务器ip或者域名 charsetutf-8; # max upload size client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste# Django media location /media{ alias/home/wwwroot/media; # 指向django的media目录 }# Django static location /static{ alias/home/wwwroot/extra_apps/xadmin/static; # 指向django的static目录 }# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server. location / { uwsgi_passdjango; includeuwsgi_params; # uwsgi服务 } }

12.拉取所有需要的static file到同一目录
在django的setting文件中,添加下面一行内容:
STATIC_URL = '/static/'STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"), ]

并运行命令:
(kzitcmdb) [root@ITCMDB wwwroot]# python manage.py collectstatic

完成后,重启nginx
13.编辑uwsgi文件
这里uwsgi文件放在项目目录下
/home/wwwroot/conf/uwsgi
新建一个uwsgi.ini文件
ite_uwsgi.ini file` [uwsgi]# Django-related settings # the base directory (full path) chdir= /home/wwwroot # Django's wsgi file module= kzbd_cmdb.wsgi # the virtualenv (full path)# process-related settings # master master= true # maximum number of worker processes processes= 4 threads= 2 # the socket (use the full path to be safe socket= 127.0.0.1:8000 # ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed # chmod-socket= 664 # clear environment on exit vacuum= true virtualenv = /root/.virtualenvs/kzitcmdblogto = /home/wwwroot/kzbd_cmdb/uwsgilog.log

14.启动uwsgi
进入虚拟环境
(kzitcmdb) [root@ITCMDB uwsgi]# pwd /home/wwwroot/conf/uwsgi (kzitcmdb) [root@ITCMDB uwsgi]# uwsgi -i /home/wwwroot/conf/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini &

15.项目上线测试
在浏览器输入
http://192.168.150.20

进行测试,效果如下:

centos7.3+nginx+uwsgi+virtualenv(python3)+django项目上线部署总结
文章图片
QQ截图20180727221040.jpg 16.遇到的问题
1)安装virtualwrapper后新建虚拟环境出错的问题;
2)Centos7.3自带的python2.7.5升级到python3.6.5时软连建立的问题;
3)xadmin后台管理系统样式丢失的问题;
这些坑在后续总结。

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