Docker学习笔记 02概念和命令 docker

Docker是怎么工作的？ Docker是一个Client - Server 结构的系统，Docker的守护进程运行在宿主机上，通过Socket从客户端访问。Docker-Server收到Docker-Client的指令，就会执行命令。
Docker为什么比VM快？ 1.Docker有更少的抽象层
2.Docker利用的是宿主机的内核，VM需要Guest OS(操作系统内核)
帮助命令

docker version docker info#系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量 docker xxx --help

【Docker学习笔记 02概念和命令】官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/refer...
镜像命令

docker images --help

docker images 查看所有本地镜像

REPOSITORYTAGIMAGE IDCREATEDSIZE hello-worldlatestd1165f2212344 months ago13.3kBREPOSITORY#镜像仓库源 TAG#镜像标签 IMAGE ID#镜像ID CREATED#镜像创建时间 SIZE#镜像大小#可选项 -a --all#列出所有镜像 -q --quiet#只显示镜像ID

docker search 搜索镜像

docker search mysql#可选项 -f --filter #过滤条件--fitler=STARS=3000 #收藏3000以上的镜像

docker pull 下载镜像 Dockerhub地址：https://hub.docker.com

docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST] OPTIONS #可选项 NAME#镜像名 TAG#镜像标签#指定版本下载 docker pull mysql:5.7

docker rmi 删除镜像

docker rmi -f 容器ID1 ... 容器IDN #删除全部镜像 docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)

容器命令 docker run 新建并启动容器

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...] #参数说明 --name #容器名 -d#后台方式运行 -it#交互方式运行，进入容器查看 -p#指定容器端口 -P#随机指定端口#测试：启动并进入容器 docker pull centos docker run -it centos /bin/bash #退出容器 exit #容器停止并退出 CTRL + P + Q #不停止退出

docker ps 列出容器

docker ps #列出当前正在运行的容器-a#列出当前正在运行的容器+历史运行过的容器 -n=? #最近创建的容器 -q#只显示容器编号

docker rm 删除容器

docker rm 容器ID docker rm $(docker ps -aq) #删除所有容器-f #强制删除（包括运行中的容器）

docker start 启动容器

docker start 容器ID docker restart 容器ID docker stop 容器ID docker kill 容器ID

docker logs 查看日志

docker logs -tf --tail 10 容器ID #显示指定行数 docker logs -t -f 容器ID#显示日志

docker top 查看进程

docker top 容器ID

docker inspect 查看元数据

docker inspect 容器ID[ { "Id": "d3b9799417b69391ba9bdd644b7a5604780cecc371a6511a62b5503d063c3e63", "Created": "2021-07-29T23:22:16.737750806Z", "Path": "/bin/bash", "Args": [], "State": { "Status": "exited", "Running": false, "Paused": false, "Restarting": false, "OOMKilled": false, "Dead": false, "Pid": 0, "ExitCode": 137, "Error": "", "StartedAt": "2021-07-29T23:31:58.686730736Z", "FinishedAt": "2021-07-29T23:32:10.840176294Z" }, "Image": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55", "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d3b9799417b69391ba9bdd644b7a5604780cecc371a6511a62b5503d063c3e63/resolv.conf", "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d3b9799417b69391ba9bdd644b7a5604780cecc371a6511a62b5503d063c3e63/hostname", "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d3b9799417b69391ba9bdd644b7a5604780cecc371a6511a62b5503d063c3e63/hosts", "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/d3b9799417b69391ba9bdd644b7a5604780cecc371a6511a62b5503d063c3e63/d3b9799417b69391ba9bdd644b7a5604780cecc371a6511a62b5503d063c3e63-json.log", "Name": "/optimistic_bartik", "RestartCount": 0, "Driver": "overlay2", "Platform": "linux", "MountLabel": "", "ProcessLabel": "", "AppArmorProfile": "", "ExecIDs": null, "HostConfig": { "Binds": null, "ContainerIDFile": "", "LogConfig": { "Type": "json-file", "Config": {} }, "NetworkMode": "default", "PortBindings": {}, "RestartPolicy": { "Name": "no", "MaximumRetryCount": 0 }, "AutoRemove": false, "VolumeDriver": "", "VolumesFrom": null, "CapAdd": null, "CapDrop": null, "CgroupnsMode": "host", "Dns": [], "DnsOptions": [], "DnsSearch": [], "ExtraHosts": null, "GroupAdd": null, "IpcMode": "private", "Cgroup": "", "Links": null, "OomScoreAdj": 0, "PidMode": "", "Privileged": false, "PublishAllPorts": false, "ReadonlyRootfs": false, "SecurityOpt": null, "UTSMode": "", "UsernsMode": "", "ShmSize": 67108864, "Runtime": "runc", "ConsoleSize": [ 0, 0 ], "Isolation": "", "CpuShares": 0, "Memory": 0, "NanoCpus": 0, "CgroupParent": "", "BlkioWeight": 0, "BlkioWeightDevice": [], "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null, "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null, "CpuPeriod": 0, "CpuQuota": 0, "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0, "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0, "CpusetCpus": "", "CpusetMems": "", "Devices": [], "DeviceCgroupRules": null, "DeviceRequests": null, "KernelMemory": 0, "KernelMemoryTCP": 0, "MemoryReservation": 0, "MemorySwap": 0, "MemorySwappiness": null, "OomKillDisable": false, "PidsLimit": null, "Ulimits": null, "CpuCount": 0, "CpuPercent": 0, "IOMaximumIOps": 0, "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0, "MaskedPaths": [ "/proc/asound", "/proc/acpi", "/proc/kcore", "/proc/keys", "/proc/latency_stats", "/proc/timer_list", "/proc/timer_stats", "/proc/sched_debug", "/proc/scsi", "/sys/firmware" ], "ReadonlyPaths": [ "/proc/bus", "/proc/fs", "/proc/irq", "/proc/sys", "/proc/sysrq-trigger" ] }, "GraphDriver": { "Data": { "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fd5fe8080f2c13c00311711f4e51865588f39c784047fcdce26d4611f6128587-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/27c6cfd367d905528b550279efab95fa7f52c97abb12625131c408b6dea72fe7/diff", "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fd5fe8080f2c13c00311711f4e51865588f39c784047fcdce26d4611f6128587/merged", "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fd5fe8080f2c13c00311711f4e51865588f39c784047fcdce26d4611f6128587/diff", "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fd5fe8080f2c13c00311711f4e51865588f39c784047fcdce26d4611f6128587/work" }, "Name": "overlay2" }, "Mounts": [], "Config": { "Hostname": "d3b9799417b6", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": true, "AttachStdout": true, "AttachStderr": true, "Tty": true, "OpenStdin": true, "StdinOnce": true, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ], "Cmd": [ "/bin/bash" ], "Image": "centos", "Volumes": null, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": null, "OnBuild": null, "Labels": { "org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204", "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2", "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image", "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0", "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS" } }, "NetworkSettings": { "Bridge": "", "SandboxID": "0ac7744565902b645737fcc3eabd47c9c27a7babaa0856ec55e466a7237e6ba8", "HairpinMode": false, "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "", "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "Ports": {}, "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/0ac774456590", "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null, "EndpointID": "", "Gateway": "", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "IPAddress": "", "IPPrefixLen": 0, "IPv6Gateway": "", "MacAddress": "", "Networks": { "bridge": { "IPAMConfig": null, "Links": null, "Aliases": null, "NetworkID": "2d10dc4aa739ceb9a9aad3c64688a40431ff71e5dfaed298ec83265434d7863c", "EndpointID": "", "Gateway": "", "IPAddress": "", "IPPrefixLen": 0, "IPv6Gateway": "", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "MacAddress": "", "DriverOpts": null } } } } ]

docker exec\attach 进入当前正在运行的容器