MySQL修改默认引擎和字符集详情 MySQL修改默认引擎和字符集详情

一、数据库引擎

1.1 查看数据库引擎
1.2 修改默认数据库引擎

二、数据库字符集

2.1 查看字符集
2.2 修改字符集

一、数据库引擎
1.1 查看数据库引擎

mysql> show engines; +--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+| Engine| Support | Comment| Transactions | XA| Savepoints |+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+| InnoDB| DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys| YES| YES| YES|| MRG_MYISAM| YES| Collection of identical MyISAM tables| NO| NO| NO|| MEMORY| YES| Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables| NO| NO| NO|| BLACKHOLE| YES| /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO| NO| NO|| MyISAM| YES| MyISAM storage engine| NO| NO| NO|| CSV| YES| CSV storage engine| NO| NO| NO|| ARCHIVE| YES| Archive storage engine| NO| NO| NO|| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES| Performance Schema| NO| NO| NO|| FEDERATED| NO| Federated MySQL storage engine| NULL| NULL | NULL|+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到默认引擎是 InnoDB。

1.2 修改默认数据库引擎
1.打开配置文件

[root@VM_0_15_centos ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

2.在最下面编辑如下内容：

default-storage-engine=InnoDB

3.重启服务

[root@VM_0_15_centos ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

二、数据库字符集
2.1 查看字符集

查看MYSQL数据库服务器和数据库字符集

mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+| Variable_name| Value|+--------------------------+----------------------------+| character_set_client| utf8|| character_set_connection | utf8|| character_set_database| latin1|| character_set_filesystem | binary|| character_set_results| utf8|| character_set_server| latin1|| character_set_system| utf8|| character_sets_dir| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------+8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

字符集	作用
character_set_client	用来设置客户端使用的字符集。
character_set_connection	用来设置连接数据库时的字符集
character_set_database	用来设置默认创建数据库的编码格式
character_set_filesystem	文件系统的编码格式，把操作系统上的文件名转化成此字符集，默认binary是不做任何转换的
character_set_results	查询结果字符集
character_set_server	服务器安装时指定的默认编码格式
character_set_system	系统元数据(字段名等)字符集
character_sets_dir	字符集安装的目录

查看 MYSQL 所支持的字符集

show charset;

查看库的字符集

show database status from 库名 like表名;

查看表的字符集

show table status from 库名 like表名;

查看表中所有列的字符集

show full columns from 表名;

2.2 修改字符集
1.打开配置文件

[root@VM_0_15_centos ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

2.在最下面编辑如下内容：

character-set-server=utf8[client]default-character-set=utf8

3.重启服务并验证

[root@VM_0_15_centos ~]# systemctl restart mysqld[root@VM_0_15_centos ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help; ' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+| Variable_name| Value|+--------------------------+----------------------------+| character_set_client| utf8|| character_set_connection | utf8|| character_set_database| utf8|| character_set_filesystem | binary|| character_set_results| utf8|| character_set_server| utf8|| character_set_system| utf8|| character_sets_dir| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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