背景介绍
Cloudpods: 是我们开源的多云管理平台,运行在 Kubernetes 之上,里面包含一个完整的私有云实现。
Rook: 是一个分布式存储编排系统,目的是在 Kubernetes 上提供存储解决方案,本身不提供存储,而是在 Kubernetes 和存储系统之间提供适配层,简化存储系统的部署和维护工作。其支持的 Ceph 存储为 Stable 生产可用的状态。
Ceph: 是开源的分布式存储系统,主要功能包含 RBD 块存储以及 CephFS 分布式文件系统存储。
Cloudpods 服务以容器化的方式运行在 Kubernetes 集群之上,按照 部署文档/多节点安装 文档部署完 Cloudpods 之后,环境就有了一个完整的 Kubernetes 集群。
但 Cloudpods 内置私有云虚拟机使用的是本地存储,本文主要介绍使用 Rook 在 Cloudpods Kubernetes 集群里面的计算节点上部署 Ceph 集群,然后把 Rook 管理的 Ceph 集群暴露出来对接 Cloudpods 的私有云虚拟机。
Cloudpods 内置私有云提供虚拟化功能, Rook 管理的 Ceph 提供分布式存储,并且这些服务都是容器化,基于 Kubernetes 运行的。Cloudpods 运行虚拟机的节点也叫计算节点,计算节点也是 Kubernetes 的 Node,只要计算节点上有独立的裸盘,就可以使用 Rook 把 Ceph 部署到计算节点上,把这些技术结合起来可以轻松实现一个云原生的超融合私有云。
环境准备
Cloudpods:v3.6 以上的多节点部署版本
3 台计算节点,有单独的裸盘给 Ceph 使用(同时作为存储节点使用)
Kubernetes:v1.15.9 版本(Cloudpods 默认的集群)
Rook: v1.7 版本
操作系统:CentOS 7
内核版本:3.10.0-1062.4.3.el7.yn20191203.x86_64
如果使用 CephFS 建议的内核版本是 4.17 以上的版本,可以升级我们官方提供的 5.4 版本内核
其中 Ceph 相关的环境准备工作和限制可以参考 Rook 提供的文档 。
使用 Rook 部署 Ceph
接下来介绍使用 Rook 在已有的 Cloudpods Kubernetes 集群上部署 Ceph 集群,这里有个前提是已经按照 部署文档/多节点安装 文档,部署了一个多节点的 Cloudpods 集群。
节点信息
假设已有的 3 个节点为 node-{0,1,2},每个节点的磁盘信息如下,sd{b,c,d} 都是没有分区的裸盘,留给 Ceph 使用:
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 512M 0 part /boot
└─sda3 8:3 0 931G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 931.5G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 3.7T 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 3.7T 0 disk
使用 kubectl get nodes 可以看到已经在 Kubernetes 集群中的节点:
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
cloudbox Ready master 34d v1.15.9-beta.0
node-0 Ready 12d v1.15.9-beta.0
node-1 Ready 11d v1.15.9-beta.0
node-2 Ready 11d v1.15.9-beta.0
然后给对应的节点打上 role=storage-node 的标签:
打标签
$ kubectl label node node-0 role=storage-node
$ kubectl label node node-1 role=storage-node
$ kubectl label node node-2 role=storage-node
查看标签对应的节点
$ kubectl get nodes -L role
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION ROLE
cloudbox Ready master 34d v1.15.9-beta.0
node-0 Ready 12d v1.15.9-beta.0 storage-node
node-1 Ready 11d v1.15.9-beta.0 storage-node
node-2 Ready 11d v1.15.9-beta.0 storage-node
另外执行 climc host-list 命令(climc 是云平台的命令行工具),也可以看到这 3 个节点作为 Cloudpods 的计算节点加入到了云平台:
$ climc host-list |
ID |
Name |
Access_mac |
Access_ip |
Ipmi_Ip |
Manager_URI |
Status |
enabled |
host_status |
mem_size |
cpu_count |
node_count |
sn |
storage_type |
host_type |
0d8023ad-ebf9-4a3c-8294-fd170f4ce5c6 |
node-0 |
38:ea:a7:8d:94:78 |
172.16.254.127 |
172.16.254.2 |
https://172.16.254.127:8885 |
running |
true |
online |
128695 |
32 |
2 |
6CU3505M2G |
rotate |
hypervisor |
c02470b3-9666-46f7-852e-9bda8074a72e |
node-1 |
ec:f4:bb:d7:c4:e0 |
172.16.254.124 |
172.16.254.5 |
https://172.16.254.124:8885 |
running |
true |
online |
96432 |
48 |
2 |
62CNF52 |
rotate |
hypervisor |
5811c2d9-2b45-47e4-8c08-a5d479d03009 |
node-2 |
d4:ae:52:7e:90:9c |
172.16.254.126 |
172.16.254.3 |
https://172.16.254.126:8885 |
running |
true |
online |
128723 |
24 |
2 |
8Q1PB3X |
rotate |
hypervisor |
部署 Rook 组件
下载 Rook 相关代码:
clone rook 源码
$ git clone --single-branch --branch release-1.7 https://github.com/rook/rook.git
$ cd rook
部署 rook operator 服务:
apply rook 相关 CRD
$ cd cluster/examples/kubernetes/ceph/pre-k8s-1.16/
$ kubectl apply -f crds.yaml
apply rook operator 服务
$ cd ..
$ kubectl apply -f common.yaml -f operator.yaml
查看 operator 服务的状态,等待 rook-ceph-operator pod 变为 Running
$ kubectl -n rook-ceph get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
rook-ceph-operator-68964f4b87-pc87m 1/1 Running 0 7m38s
创建 ceph 集群
首先根据自己的环境,修改 rook 提供的 cluster.yaml 里面的内容:
$ cp cluster.yaml cluster-env.yaml
下面是修改后的 cluster.yaml 和 cluster-env.yaml 的 diff 内容:
$ diff -u cluster.yaml cluster-env.yaml
请根据自己的节点环境配置,参考 diff 修改,需要注意的地方如下:
spec.image: 改为 registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/yunionio/ceph:v14.2.22 ,这里需要用 v14 版本的镜像,对应的 ceph 版本为 nautilus,更高的版本可能会出现 cloudpods 不兼容的情况
spec.network.provider: 改为 host ,表示 ceph 相关容器使用 hostNetwork ,这样才能给 Kubernetes 集群之外的服务使用
spec.placement: 修改了里面的 Kubernetes 调度策略,表示把 ceph pod 调度到 role=storage-node 的节点上
spec.storage: 表示存储的配置
useAllNodes: 我们指定了role=storage-node 的节点运行 ceph,该值必须设置为false
nodes: 分别设置各个节点的存储路径,可以是磁盘或者目录
--- cluster.yaml 2021-10-09 10:49:53.731596210 +0800
+++ cluster-env.yaml 2021-10-09 17:50:01.859112585 +0800
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
# versions running within the cluster. See tags available at https://hub.docker.com/r/ceph/ceph/tags/.
# If you want to be more precise, you can always use a timestamp tag such quay.io/ceph/ceph:v16.2.6-20210918
# This tag might not contain a new Ceph version, just security fixes from the underlying operating system, which will reduce vulnerabilities
- image: quay.io/ceph/ceph:v16.2.6
- image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/yunionio/ceph:v14.2.22
Whether to allow unsupported versions of Ceph. Currently nautilus
, octopus
, and pacific
are supported.Future versions such as pacific
would require this to be set to true
.Do not set to true in production.@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
rulesNamespace: rook-ceph
network:
enable host networking
- provider: host
- provider: host
enable the Multus network providerprovider: multusselectors:@@ -135,22 +135,22 @@
# To control where various services will be scheduled by kubernetes, use the placement configuration sections below.
# The example under 'all' would have all services scheduled on kubernetes nodes labeled with 'role=storage-node' and
# tolerate taints with a key of 'storage-node'.
-# placement:
-# all:
-# nodeAffinity:
-# requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
-# nodeSelectorTerms:
-# - matchExpressions:
-# - key: role
-# operator: In
-# values:
-# - storage-node
-# podAffinity:
-# podAntiAffinity:
-# topologySpreadConstraints:
-# tolerations:
-# - key: storage-node
-# operator: Exists
- placement:
- all:
- nodeAffinity:
- requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- nodeSelectorTerms:
-
-
- operator: In
- values:
-
- podAffinity:
- podAntiAffinity:
- topologySpreadConstraints:
- tolerations:
-
- operator: Exists
# The above placement information can also be specified for mon, osd, and mgr components
# mon:
# Monitor deployments may contain an anti-affinity rule for avoiding monitor
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@
# osd: rook-ceph-osd-priority-class
# mgr: rook-ceph-mgr-priority-class
storage: # cluster level storage configuration and selection
- useAllNodes: true
- useAllDevices: true
- useAllNodes: false
- useAllDevices: false
deviceFilter:config:
# crushRoot: "custom-root" # specify a non-default root label for the CRUSH map
@@ -219,17 +219,22 @@
# encryptedDevice: "true" # the default value for this option is "false"
# Individual nodes and their config can be specified as well, but 'useAllNodes' above must be set to false. Then, only the named
# nodes below will be used as storage resources. Each node's 'name' field should match their 'kubernetes.io/hostname' label.
- nodes:
- - name: "172.17.4.201"
- devices: # specific devices to use for storage can be specified for each node
- - name: "sdb"
- - name: "nvme01" # multiple osds can be created on high performance devices
- config:
- osdsPerDevice: "5"
- - name: "/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST4000DM004-XXXX" # devices can be specified using full udev paths
- config: # configuration can be specified at the node level which overrides the cluster level config
- - name: "172.17.4.301"
- deviceFilter: "^sd."
- nodes:
-
- devices: # specific devices to use for storage can be specified for each node
-
-
-
-
- devices:
-
-
-
-
- devices:
-
-
-
- name: "sdd"
when onlyApplyOSDPlacement is false, will merge both placement.All() and placement.osdonlyApplyOSDPlacement: false
# The section for configuring management of daemon disruptions during upgrade or fencing.
编辑好 cluster-env.yaml 后,使用下面的命令创建 ceph 集群:
$ kubectl apply -f cluster-env.yaml
cephcluster.ceph.rook.io/rook-ceph created
查看 rook-ceph namespace 里面的 pod 健康状况
$ kubectl -n rook-ceph get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
rook-ceph-crashcollector-dl380p-55f6cc56c9-b8ghc 1/1 Running 0 3m3s
rook-ceph-crashcollector-r710-7d8659858-mrqgq 1/1 Running 0 2m20s
rook-ceph-crashcollector-r720xd-1-5b686487c5-hvzdb 1/1 Running 0 3m10s
rook-ceph-csi-detect-version-ffdsf 0/1 Completed 0 26m
rook-ceph-mgr-a-759465b6c7-cslkp 1/1 Running 0 3m13s
rook-ceph-mon-a-657c4c6769-ljtr9 1/1 Running 0 18m
rook-ceph-mon-b-7db98b99d4-99pft 1/1 Running 0 18m
rook-ceph-mon-c-7f84fc475d-5v599 1/1 Running 0 10m
rook-ceph-operator-68964f4b87-pc87m 1/1 Running 0 68m
rook-ceph-osd-0-7cc5cb94cb-dxznm 1/1 Running 0 2m32s
rook-ceph-osd-1-f4d47ddf9-7vgh7 1/1 Running 0 2m35s
rook-ceph-osd-2-5d7667b8d8-d5tnp 1/1 Running 0 2m20s
rook-ceph-osd-3-c9c56cd77-8sbzj 1/1 Running 0 2m32s
rook-ceph-osd-4-88565589c-rnpmg 1/1 Running 0 2m35s
rook-ceph-osd-5-7d7c554b6c-pvsfx 1/1 Running 0 2m35s
rook-ceph-osd-6-6c7596c844-jg9qt 1/1 Running 0 2m20s
rook-ceph-osd-7-55f9987ddf-pjthz 1/1 Running 0 2m32s
rook-ceph-osd-8-6949b69dd6-685wp 1/1 Running 0 2m20s
rook-ceph-osd-prepare-dl380p-c6nc8 0/1 Completed 0 3m3s
rook-ceph-osd-prepare-r710-zkmjz 0/1 Completed 0 3m3s
rook-ceph-osd-prepare-r720xd-1-fswnf 0/1 Completed 0 3m2s
查看 ceph 集群的健康状况
$ kubectl -n rook-ceph get cephcluster
NAME DATADIRHOSTPATH MONCOUNT AGE PHASE MESSAGE HEALTH
rook-ceph /var/lib/rook 3 29m Ready Cluster created successfully HEALTH_OK
ceph 集群部署完后,我们需要部署 toolbox.yaml pod 获取集群连接信息:
$ kubectl apply -f toolbox.yaml
deployment.apps/rook-ceph-tools created
$ kubectl -n rook-ceph get pods | grep tools
rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh 1/1 Running 0 3m44s
进入 toolbox pod
$ kubectl -n rook-ceph exec -it $(kubectl -n rook-ceph get pod -l "app=rook-ceph-tools" -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -- bash
查看 mon_host 为: 172.16.254.126:6789,172.16.254.124:6789,172.16.254.127:6789
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ cat /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
[global]
mon_host = 172.16.254.126:6789,172.16.254.124:6789,172.16.254.127:6789
[client.admin]
keyring = /etc/ceph/keyring
查看 keyring 为: AQBHTWFhFQzrORAALLIngo/OOTDdnUf4vNPRoA==
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ cat /etc/ceph/keyring
[client.admin]
key = AQBHTWFhFQzrORAALLIngo/OOTDdnUf4vNPRoA==
查看集群健康状态
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ ceph status
cluster:
id:233cf123-7a1a-4a7b-b6db-1cee79ec752b
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum a,b,c (age 38m)
mgr: a(active, since 33m)
osd: 9 osds: 9 up (since 33m), 9 in (since 34m);
30 remapped pgs
data:
pools:1 pools, 256 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage:57 MiB used, 20 TiB / 20 TiB avail
pgs:226 active+clean
30active+clean+remapped
查看 osd 状态,可以发现对应节点的设备都添加了进来
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ ceph osd status
ID HOST USED AVAIL WR OPS WR DATA RD OPS RD DATA STATE
0 node-0 6172k 3725G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
1 node-1 7836k 279G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
2 node-2 5596k 931G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
3 node-0 6044k 3725G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
4 node-1 5980k 279G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
5 node-1 5980k 279G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
6 node-2 6236k 3726G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
7 node-0 7772k 3725G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
8 node-2 7836k 3726G 0 0 0 0 exists,up
创建一个 cloudpods-test 的 pool 用于后面的虚拟机测试
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ ceph osd pool create cloudpods-test 64 64
pool 'cloudpods-test' created
初始化这个pool 为 RBD
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ rbd pool init cloudpods-test
[root@rook-ceph-tools-885579f55-qpnhh /]$ ceph osd lspools
1 cloudpods-test
Cloudpods 虚拟机使用 Rook 部署的 Ceph
通过之前的步骤,已经使用 Rook 在 Kubernetes 集群里面部署了 Ceph 集群,接下来将 Ceph 集群的连接信息导入到 Cloudpods 私有云平台,就可以给虚拟机使用了。
【Cloudpods + Rook + Ceph: 轻松实现云原生的超融合私有云】从之前的步骤得到 ceph 的连接信息如下:
mon_host: 172.16.254.126:6789,172.16.254.124:6789,172.16.254.127:6789
keyring: AQBHTWFhFQzrORAALLIngo/OOTDdnUf4vNPRoA==
rbd pool: cloudpods-test
然后登录 cloudpods 前端创建 ceph rbd 存储并且关联宿主机,操作如下:
1、创建名为 rook-ceph 的块存储,填入上面的信息:
文章图片
2、默认创建好的 rook-ceph 块存储为离线状态,需要关联平台的私有云宿主机,宿主机会探测 ceph 集群的连通性,并且获取对应的 pool 容量信息:
文章图片
3、rook-ceph 块存储关联好宿主机后,状态就会变为“在线”,并且获取到了 20T 的容量:
文章图片
4、创建虚拟机使用 rook-ceph 存储,这里主要是在虚拟机创建页面添加磁盘,选择存储类型为 Ceph RBD:
文章图片
5、等待虚拟机创建完成,通过 vnc 或者 ssh 登录虚拟机:
文章图片
可以发现虚拟机里面挂载了 /dev/sda(系统盘) 和 /dev/sdb(数据盘),底层都为 ceph 的 RBD 块设备,因为 ceph 底层块设备用的机械盘,用 dd 简单测试速度在 99 MB/s ,符合预期。
6、然后使用平台的 climc 命令查看虚拟机所在的宿主机,发现虚拟机 ceph-test-vm 运行在 node-1 计算节点上,同时改节点也是 Ceph 集群的存储节点,实现了超融合的架构:
$ climc server-list --details --search ceph-test-vm |
ID |
Name |
Host |
IPs |
Disk |
Status |
vcpu_count |
vmem_size |
Hypervisor |
os_type |
ffd8ec7c-1e2d-4427-89e0-81b6ce184185 |
ceph-test-vm |
node-1 |
172.16.254.252 |
235520 |
running |
2 |
2048 |
kvm |
Linux |
其它操作
删除 Rook 部署的 Ceph 集群请参考:Cleaning up a Cluster
查看并获取本文完整代码。
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