shell脚本源码安装nginx的详细过程

SHELL概念

  1. SHELL是什么?SHELL是Linux内核跟用户之间沟通的桥梁;
  2. SHELL也是一个命令解释器,用户可以输入命令到SHELL,SHELL将命令传递给Linux内核,内核处理完毕,返回给SHELL,SHELL将返回的结果返给用户终端;
  3. SHELL是外壳,中间件,外壳有很多的种类,bash、csh、ksh、zsh等;
  4. SHELL和SHELL编程有什么关系?SHELL是命令解释器,用户和操作系统沟通桥梁,而SHELL编程基于SHELL解释器来实现具体的功能或者需求;
  5. SHELL命令、SHELL脚本、SHELL编程、SHELL之间解释?
SHELL编程用途
  • SHELL编程的目的将重复的工作变成自动化,可以理解为批处理;
  • SHELL主要是为了减轻人工的频繁的操作、提高运维工作效率,保证网站稳定、高效的运行;
  • 例如需要源码编译LNMP WEB架构,20台都需要编译怎么办?
如何开启Shell编程
  • 任何的编程语言,都是从Hello,world;
  • SHELL编程其实就是将SHELL命令写入到脚本文件中;
  • SHELL编程规范,脚本内容第一行必须以#!开头,其后接SHELL的种类,例如/bin/bash,/bin/sh等;
下面脚本看下shell脚本源码安装nginx的过程。
[root@localhost ~]# vim nginx.sh [root@localhost ~]# cat nginx.sh #!/bin/bashversion=nginx-1.20.1.tar.gzname=nginx-1.20.1install_dir=/usr/locallog=/var/log/nginx#解决依赖关系yum -y install gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel wget gd-devel gcc gcc-c++yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'#创建用户id nginx &>/dev/nullif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenuseradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx fi#创建日志存放目录if [ ! -d $log ]; thenmkdir -p /var/log/nginxchown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx fi#下载nginxcd /usr/src/wgethttp://nginx.org/download/$version#解压tar xf $version mv $name nginxcd nginx/ && ./configure \--prefix=$install_dir/nginx \--user=nginx \--group=nginx \--with-debug \--with-http_ssl_module \--with-http_realip_module \--with-http_image_filter_module \--with-http_gunzip_module \--with-http_gzip_static_module \--with-http_stub_status_module \--http-log-path=$log/access.log \--error-log-path=$log/error.logmake && make install#配置环境变量echo "export PATH=$install_dir/nginx/sbin:\$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/nginx.shsource /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh#创建服务文件cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service <
//测试[root@localhost ~]# ./nginx.sh 已加载插件:fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com软件包 gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 pcre-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 zlib-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 zlib-devel-1.2.7-19.el7_9.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 1:openssl-1.0.2k-22.el7_9.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-22.el7_9.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 gd-devel-2.0.35-27.el7_9.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本软件包 gcc-c++-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本无须任何处理已加载插件:fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comMarked install: Development Tools--2021-10-25 12:15:53--http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz正在解析主机 nginx.org (nginx.org)... 52.58.199.22, 3.125.197.172, 2a05:d014:edb:5702::6, ...正在连接 nginx.org (nginx.org)|52.58.199.22|:80... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK长度:1061461 (1.0M) [application/octet-stream]正在保存至: “nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz.1”100%[===================================================================================================================>] 1,061,461670KB/s 用时 1.5s2021-10-25 12:15:55 (670 KB/s) - 已保存 “nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz.1” [1061461/1061461])checking for OS + Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 x86_64checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) 省略....nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"make -f objs/Makefilemake[1]: 进入目录“/usr/local/nginx”cc -c -pipe-O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g-I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \-o objs/src/core/nginx.o \src/core/nginx.ccc -c -pipe-O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g-I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \-o objs/src/core/ngx_log.o \src/core/ngx_log.ctest -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \|| cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'test -d '/var/log/nginx' \|| mkdir -p '/var/log/nginx'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'test -d '/var/log/nginx' \|| mkdir -p '/var/log/nginx'make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/src/nginx”Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@localhost ~]# ss -antlStateRecv-Q Send-QLocal Address:PortPeer Address:PortLISTEN0128*:80*:*LISTEN0128*:22*:*LISTEN0100127.0.0.1:25*:*LISTEN0128:::22:::*LISTEN0100::1:25:::*

shell脚本源码安装nginx的详细过程
文章图片

经过测试,想要直接使用nginx命令 需要在终端手动读取配置
//配置文件脚本里已经写好,这里直接读取就可以[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh[root@localhost ~]# which nginx/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx[root@localhost ~]# nginx -Vnginx version: nginx/1.20.1built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips26 Jan 2017TLS SNI support enabledconfigure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log

或者用source nginx.sh执行脚本
[root@localhost ~]# source nginx.sh //这种方式不需要手动读取环境变量

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