【Android笔记】Kotlin结合Jetpack构建MVVM
Jetpack
Jetpack 是一个由多个库组成的套件,可帮助开发者遵循最佳做法,减少样板代码并编写可在各种 Android 版本和设备中一致运行的代码,让开发者精力集中编写重要的代码。Android Architecture Component (AAC)。
官方推荐架构
文章图片
请注意,每个组件仅依赖于其下一级的组件。例如,Activity 和 Fragment 仅依赖于视图模型。存储区是唯一依赖于其他多个类的类;在本例中,存储区依赖于持久性数据模型和远程后端数据源。MVVM
MVVM即Model - View - ViewModel的缩写,它的出现是为了将图形界面与业务逻辑,数据模型进行解耦。
MVVM也是Google推崇的一种Android项目架构模型。
之前学习的Jetpack组建,大部分都是为了能够更好地架构MVVM应用程序而设计的。
API接口
接口:https://api.github.com/users/...
工程结构
bean:实体类。
api:网络请求接口。
repository:仓储层。用于存放Room数据,网络数据,本地数据等。
viewmodel:从仓储层获取数据,不需要关心数据来源。
view:Activity,Fragment和布局文件,用会用到DataBinding组件
dao:Room数据库操作
application:实例化全局文件和获取全局上下文。
bindingAdapter:放一些
添加依赖
implementation 'androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.1.0'
implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:3.0.1'
搭建项目
【【Android笔记】Kotlin结合Jetpack构建MVVM】通过获取GitHub API获取个人信息进行展示。
1. 定义User实体类
@Entity(tableName = "user")
data class User(
@PrimaryKey @ColumnInfo(name = "id", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.INTEGER) var id: Int,
@ColumnInfo(name = "login", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) var login: String,
@ColumnInfo(name = "name", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) var name: String?,
@ColumnInfo(name = "avatar_url", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) @SerializedName("avatar_url")var avatar: String?,
@ColumnInfo(name = "blog", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) var blog: String,
@ColumnInfo(name = "company", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) var company: String?,
@ColumnInfo(name = "bio", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) var bio: String?,
@ColumnInfo(name = "location", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) var location: String?,
@ColumnInfo(name = "htmlUrl", typeAffinity = ColumnInfo.TEXT) @SerializedName("html_url") var htmlUrl: String?
)
```
####2. 定义Dao类
```
@Dao
interface UserDao {
@Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
fun insertUser(user: User)@Delete
fun deleteUser(user: User)@Query("select * from user where login =:name")
fun getUserByName(name: String): LiveData
}
```
####3. 定义DataBase类
```
@Database(entities = [User::class], version =7)
abstract class AppDatabase : RoomDatabase() {
abstract fun userDao(): UserDaocompanion object {
private var instance: AppDatabase? = null@Synchronized
fun getDatabase(context: Context): AppDatabase {
instance?.let {
return it
}
return Room.databaseBuilder(
context.applicationContext,
AppDatabase::class.java,
"user_db"
).fallbackToDestructiveMigration().build().apply {
instance = this
}
}
}
}
4. 定义API接口
interface Api {
@GET("users/{userName}")
fun getUser(@Path("userName") userName: String): Call
}
5. 定义Retrofit访问网络
object RetrofitClient {
private const val BASE_URL = "https://api.github.com/"
var retrofit: Retrofitinit {
retrofit =
Retrofit.Builder().baseUrl(BASE_URL).addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build()
}fun getApi(): Api? {
return retrofit.create(Api::class.java)
}
}
6. 定义Application类
class MyApplication : Application() {
companion object {
lateinit var context: Context
}override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
context = applicationContext
}
}
7. 定义Repository
object UserRepository {
var userDao: UserDao = AppDatabase.getDatabase(MyApplication.context).userDao()fun getUser(name: String): LiveData {
refresh(name)
return userDao.getUserByName(name)
}fun refresh(name: String) {
RetrofitClient.getApi()?.getUser(name)?.enqueue(object : Callback {
override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) {
if (response.body() != null) {
insertUser(response.body()!!)
}
}override fun onFailure(call: Call, t: Throwable) {
Log.d("UserRepository", "onFailure$t")
}})
}fun insertUser(user: User) {
thread {
userDao.insertUser(user)
}
}
}
8. 定义ViewModel
class MvvmViewModel : ViewModel() {
val userName = "yaoxin521123"
fun getUser() = UserRepository.getUser(userName)
fun refresh() = UserRepository.refresh(userName)
}
9. 绘制xml
10. 在Activity触发事件
class MvvmActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)val binding =
DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_mvvm)
val viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(MvvmViewModel::class.java)
viewModel.getUser().observe(this, {
if (it != null) {
binding.user = it
}
})
binding.srlSwipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener {
viewModel.refresh()
binding.srlSwipeRefreshLayout.isRefreshing = false
}}
}
11. 定义BindingAapter
class BindingAdapter {
companion object {
@JvmStatic
@BindingAdapter(value = https://www.it610.com/article/["image", "defaultImageResource"], requireAll = false)
fun setImage(imageView: ImageView, imageUrl: String?, imageResource: Int) {
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(imageUrl)) {
Picasso.get()
.load(imageUrl)
.placeholder(R.drawable.ic_launcher_background)
.error(R.drawable.ic_launcher_background)
.into(imageView)
} else {
imageView.setImageResource(imageResource)
}
}
}
}
结语:后续会持续更新哦,喜欢的话点赞关注一下吧。
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