rabbitmq|RabbitMQ单机多实例配置消息中间件|消息中间件

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欢迎跳转到本文的原文链接：https://honeypps.com/mq/rabbitmq-multiple-instances-in-one-machine/
由于某些因素的限制，有时候你不得不在一台机器上去搭建一个rabbitmq集群，当然这种集群只适合自己玩玩，验证下结论，这个有点类似zookeeper的单机版。真实生成环境还是要配成多机集群的。有关怎么配置多机集群的可以参考其他的资料，这里主要论述如何在单机中配置多个rabbitmq实例。
主要参考官方文档：https://www.rabbitmq.com/clustering.html
前提
配置的前提是你的rabbitmq可以运行起来，比如"ps aux|grep rabbitmq"你能看到相关进程，又比如运行“rabbitmqctl status”你可以看到类似如下信息，而不报错：

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl status Status of node 'rabbit@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... [{pid,13014}, {running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.4.0"}, {mnesia,"MNESIACXC 138 12","4.14.1"}, {os_mon,"CPOCXC 138 46","2.4.1"}, {xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.12"}, {sasl,"SASLCXC 138 11","3.0.1"}, {stdlib,"ERTSCXC 138 10","3.1"}, {kernel,"ERTSCXC 138 10","5.1"}]}, {os,{unix,linux}}, {erlang_version,"Erlang/OTP 19 [erts-8.1] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:30] [hipe] [kernel-poll:true]\n"}, {memory,[{total,37276536}, {connection_readers,0}, {connection_writers,0}, {connection_channels,0}, {connection_other,2832}, {queue_procs,2832}, {queue_slave_procs,0}, {plugins,0}, {other_proc,13331064}, {mnesia,66248}, {mgmt_db,0}, {msg_index,41184}, {other_ets,778528}, {binary,23152}, {code,14637029}, {atom,654241}, {other_system,7739426}]}, {alarms,[]}, {listeners,[{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"}]}, {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4}, {vm_memory_limit,3301929779}, {disk_free_limit,50000000}, {disk_free,37108654080}, {file_descriptors,[{total_limit,924}, {total_used,3}, {sockets_limit,829}, {sockets_used,1}]}, {processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,126}]}, {run_queue,0}, {uptime,2143}]

为了简单化，这里也要保证rabbitmq的plugin没有开启（因为开启之后要占用一些端口，多实例配置起来会更加复杂，这里简单问题简化说明）。
【rabbitmq|RabbitMQ单机多实例配置】情景
假设有三个rabbitmq节点，分别为rabbit1, rabbit2和rabbit3
主要开启命令如下：

RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5672 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit1 rabbitmq-server -detached RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5673 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit2 rabbitmq-server -detached RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5674 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit3 rabbitmq-server -detached

结束命令如下：

rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 stop rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 stop rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 stop

rabbit1

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 stop_app Stopping node 'rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 reset Resetting node 'rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 cluster Clustering node 'rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc' with [] ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 start_app Starting node 'rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done.

TIPS
有些版本（比如3.4.0）在第一个节点（主节点）运行“rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 cluster” 时会遇到：

Error: could not recognise command

的错误，可以不运行“rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 cluster”这句。然后在从节点运行：

rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 join_cluster rabbit1@`hostname -s`

这一句。
主要原因是：有些版本不识别cluster这个命令
rabbit2

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 stop_app Stopping node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 reset Resetting node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 cluster rabbit1@`hostname -s` Clustering node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' with ['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc'] ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 start_app Starting node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done.

TIPS
如果略去“rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 reset”这一句，可能会报错：

Error: {ok,already_member}

查看cluster信息

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit1 cluster_status Cluster status of node 'rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... [{nodes,[{disc,['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}, {ram,['rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}]}, {running_nodes,['rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc','rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}] ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 cluster_status Cluster status of node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... [{nodes,[{disc,['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}, {ram,['rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}]}, {running_nodes,['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc','rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}] ...done.

加入节点rabbit3

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# RABBITMQ_NODE_PORT=5674 RABBITMQ_NODENAME=rabbit3 rabbitmq-server -detached Activating RabbitMQ plugins ... 0 plugins activated:[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 stop_app Stopping node 'rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 reset Resetting node 'rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 cluster rabbit1@`hostname -s` Clustering node 'rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc' with ['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc'] ... ...done. [root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 start_app Starting node 'rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... ...done.

最终查看集群状态

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit3 cluster_status Cluster status of node 'rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... [{nodes,[{disc,['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}, {ram,['rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc','rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}]}, {running_nodes,['rabbit1@hiddenzhu-8drdc','rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc', 'rabbit3@hiddenzhu-8drdc']}] ...done.

TIPS
有可能遇到这样的情况：

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl status -n rabbit2 Status of node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... Error: {badarith,[{rabbit_vm,bytes,1,[]}, {rabbit_vm,'-mnesia_memory/0-lc$^0/1-0-',1,[]}, {rabbit_vm,mnesia_memory,0,[]}, {rabbit_vm,memory,0,[]}, {rabbit,status,0,[]}, {rpc,'-handle_call_call/6-fun-0-',5, [{file,"rpc.erl"},{line,187}]}]}

有一种解决版本是将“/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/”目录下的所有内容删掉（rm -rf *），然后重新启动再配置。
And…
很多时候也会遇到这样的情况：

[root@hiddenzhu-8drdc rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl -n rabbit2 status Status of node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc' ... Error: unable to connect to node 'rabbit2@hiddenzhu-8drdc': nodedown diagnostics: - nodes and their ports on hiddenzhu-8drdc: [{rabbit1,44494}, {rabbitmqctl2271,60458}] - current node: 'rabbitmqctl2271@hiddenzhu-8drdc' - current node home dir: /root - current node cookie hash: VCwbL3S9/ydrGgVsrLjVkA==

这说明rabbitmq节点并未启动起来，需要进一步查看排除异常。
End…
欢迎跳转到本文的原文链接：https://honeypps.com/mq/rabbitmq-multiple-instances-in-one-machine/
欢迎支持笔者新作：《深入理解Kafka:核心设计与实践原理》和《RabbitMQ实战指南》，同时欢迎关注笔者的微信公众号：朱小厮的博客。