本文概述

• C++
• C
• Java
• Python 3
• C#
• PHP
• C++
• C
• Java
• Python3
• C#
• PHP
• C++
• C
• Java
• Python3
• C#
• PHP
• C++
• C
• Java
• Python3
• PHP
• C++
• C
• Java
• Python3
• C#
• PHP
• C++

给定x和y这两个变量, 不使用第三个变量就交换两个变量。

文章图片
方法1(使用算术运算符)
这个想法是获得两个给定数字之一的和。然后可以使用总和与总和相减来交换数字。
C++

//C++ Program to swap two numberswithout //using temporary variable #include < bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { int x = 10, y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x + y; //x now becomes 15 y = x - y; //y becomes 10 x = x - y; //x becomes 5 cout < < "After Swapping: x =" < < x < < ", y=" < < y; } //This code is contributed by mohit kumar.

C

#include < stdio.h> int main() { int x = 10, y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x + y; //x now becomes 15 y = x - y; //y becomes 10 x = x - y; //x becomes 5 printf ( "After Swapping: x = %d, y = %d" , x, y); return 0; }

Java

//Java Program to swap two numberswithout //using temporary variable import java.*; class Geeks { public static void main(String a[]) { int x = 10 ; int y = 5 ; x = x + y; y = x - y; x = x - y; System.out.println( "After swaping:" + " x = " + x + ", y = " + y); } } //This code is contributed by Sam007

Python 3

x = 10 y = 5# Code to swap 'x' and 'y' # x now becomes 15 x = x + y # y becomes 10 y = x - y # x becomes 5 x = x - y print ( "After Swapping: x =" , x, " y =" , y); # This code is contributed # by Sumit Sudhakar

C#

//Program to swap two numberswithout //using temporary variable using System; class GFG { public static void Main() { int x = 10; int y = 5; x = x + y; y = x - y; x = x - y; Console.WriteLine( "After swapping: x = " + x + ", y = " + y); } } //This code is contributed by Sam007

PHP

< ?php //PHP Program to swap two //numbers without using //temporary variable $x = 10; $y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' $x = $x + $y ; //x now becomes 15 $y = $x - $y ; //y becomes 10 $x = $x - $y ; //x becomes 5 echo "After Swapping: x = " , $x , ", " , "y = " , $y ; //This code is contributed by m_kit ?>

【如何在不使用临时变量的情况下交换两个数字（）】输出：

After Swapping: x = 5, y = 10

乘法和除法也可以用于交换。
C++

//C++ Program to swap two numbers //without using temporary variable #include < bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { //NOTE - for this code to work in a generalised sense, y !- 0 to prevent zero division int x = 10, y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x * y; //x now becomes 15 y = x /y; //y becomes 10 x = x /y; //x becomes 5 cout < < "After Swapping: x =" < < x < < ", y=" < < y; } //This code is contributed by mohit kumar.

C

#include < stdio.h> int main() { int x = 10, y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x * y; //x now becomes 50 y = x /y; //y becomes 10 x = x /y; //x becomes 5 printf ( "After Swapping: x = %d, y = %d" , x, y); return 0; }

Java

//Java Program to swap two numbers //without using temporary variable import java.io.*; class GFG { public static void main(String[] args) { int x = 10 ; int y = 5 ; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x * y; //x now becomes 50 y = x /y; //y becomes 10 x = x /y; //x becomes 5 System.out.println( "After swaping:" + " x = " + x + ", y = " + y); } } //This code is contributed by ajit

Python3

# Python3 program to # swap two numbers # without using # temporary variable x = 10 y = 5 # code to swap # 'x' and 'y' # x now becomes 50 x = x * y # y becomes 10 y = x //y; # x becomes 5 x = x //y; print ( "After Swapping: x =" , x, " y =" , y); # This code is contributed # by @ajit

C#

//C# Program to swap two //numbers without using //temporary variable using System; class GFG { static public void Main() { int x = 10; int y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x * y; //x now becomes 50 y = x /y; //y becomes 10 x = x /y; //x becomes 5 Console.WriteLine( "After swaping:" + " x = " + x + ", y = " + y); } } //This code is contributed by ajit.

PHP

< ?php //Driver code $x = 10; $y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' and 'y' $x = $x * $y ; //x now becomes 50 $y = $x /$y ; //y becomes 10 $x = $x /$y ; //x becomes 5 echo "After Swapping: x = " , $x , " " , "y = " , $y ; //This code is contributed by m_kit ?>

输出：

After Swapping: x = 5, y = 10

方法2(使用按位XOR)
按位XOR运算符可用于交换两个变量。两个数字x和y的XOR返回一个数字, 其中x和y的位不同时, 所有位都为1。例如, 10(在Binary 1010中)和5(在Binary 0101中)的XOR为1111, 而7(0111)和5(0101)的XOR为(0010)。
C++

//C++ code to swap using XOR #include < bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { int x = 10, y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' (1010) and 'y' (0101) x = x ^ y; //x now becomes 15 (1111) y = x ^ y; //y becomes 10 (1010) x = x ^ y; //x becomes 5 (0101) cout < < "After Swapping: x =" < < x < < ", y=" < < y; return 0; } //This code is contributed by mohit kumar.

C

//C code to swap using XOR #include < stdio.h> int main() { int x = 10, y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' (1010) and 'y' (0101) x = x ^ y; //x now becomes 15 (1111) y = x ^ y; //y becomes 10 (1010) x = x ^ y; //x becomes 5 (0101) printf ( "After Swapping: x = %d, y = %d" , x, y); return 0; }

Java

//Java code to swap using XOR import java.*; public class GFG { public static void main(String a[]) { int x = 10 ; int y = 5 ; //Code to swap 'x' (1010) and 'y' (0101) x = x ^ y; //x now becomes 15 (1111) y = x ^ y; //y becomes 10 (1010) x = x ^ y; //x becomes 5 (0101) System.out.println( "After swap: x = " + x + ", y = " + y); } } //This code is contributed by Sam007.

Python3

# Python 3 code to swap using XOR x = 10 y = 5 # Code to swap 'x' and 'y' x = x ^ y; # x now becomes 15 (1111) y = x ^ y; # y becomes 10 (1010) x = x ^ y; # x becomes 5 (0101) print ( "After Swapping: x = " , x, " y =" , y) # This code is contributed by # Sumit Sudhakar

C#

//C# program to swap using XOR using System; class GFG { public static void Main() { int x = 10; int y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' (1010) //and 'y' (0101) //x now becomes 15 (1111) x = x ^ y; //y becomes 10 (1010) y = x ^ y; //x becomes 5 (0101) x = x ^ y; Console.WriteLine( "After swap: x = " + x + ", y = " + y); } } //This code is contributed by ajit

PHP

< ?php //Driver Code $x = 10; $y = 5; //Code to swap 'x' (1010) //and 'y' (0101) //x now becomes 15 (1111) $x = $x ^ $y ; //y becomes 10 (1010) $y = $x ^ $y ; //x becomes 5 (0101) $x = $x ^ $y ; echo "After Swapping: x = " , $x , ", " , "y = " , $y ; //This code is contributed by aj_36 ?>

输出：

After Swapping: x = 5, y = 10

上述方法的问题
1)
如果其中一个数字为0, 则乘积和除法将不起作用, 因为乘积将变为0, 而与另一个数字无关。
2)
两种算术解决方案都可能导致算术溢出。如果x和y太大, 则加法和乘法可能超出整数范围。
3)
当我们使用指向变量的指针并进行函数交换时, 当两个指针都指向同一个变量时, 上述所有方法都会失败。让我们看看如果两种情况都指向同一个变量, 将会发生什么情况。
//基于位异或的方法
x = x ^ x; // x变为0
x = x ^ x; // x保持为0
x = x ^ x; // x保持为0
//基于算术的方法
x = x + x; // x变成2x
x = x – x; // x变为0
x = x – x; // x保持为0
让我们看下面的程序。
C++

#include < bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; void swap( int * xp, int * yp) { *xp = *xp ^ *yp; *yp = *xp ^ *yp; *xp = *xp ^ *yp; } //Driver code int main() { int x = 10; swap(& x, & x); cout< < "After swap(& x, & x): x = " < < x; return 0; } //This code is contributed by rathbhupendra

C

#include < stdio.h> void swap( int * xp, int * yp) { *xp = *xp ^ *yp; *yp = *xp ^ *yp; *xp = *xp ^ *yp; } int main() { int x = 10; swap(& x, & x); printf ( "After swap(& x, & x): x = %d" , x); return 0; }

Java

class GFG { static void swap( int [] xp, int [] yp) { xp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] ^ yp[ 0 ]; yp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] ^ yp[ 0 ]; xp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] ^ yp[ 0 ]; }//Driver code public static void main(String[] args) { int [] x = { 10 }; swap(x, x); System.out.println( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " + x[ 0 ]); } } //This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

Python3

def swap(xp, yp): xp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] ^ yp[ 0 ] yp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] ^ yp[ 0 ] xp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] ^ yp[ 0 ] # Driver code x = [ 10 ] swap(x, x) print ( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " , x[ 0 ]) # This code is contributed by SHUBHAMSINGH10

PHP

< ?php function swap(& $xp , & $yp ) { $xp = $xp ^ $yp ; $yp = $xp ^ $yp ; $xp = $xp ^ $yp ; } //Driver Code $x = 10; swap( $x , $x ); print ( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " . $x ); //This code is contributed //by chandan_jnu ?>

输出：

After swap(& x, & x): x = 0

在许多标准算法中可能需要将变量本身交换。例如看
这个
实施
快速排序
我们可以在其中交换变量。通过在交换之前设置条件可以避免上述问题。
C++

#include < bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; void swap( int * xp, int * yp) {//Check if the two addresses are same if (xp == yp) return ; *xp = *xp + *yp; *yp = *xp - *yp; *xp = *xp - *yp; } //Driver Code int main() { int x = 10; swap(& x, & x); cout < < "After swap(& x, & x): x = " < < x; return 0; } //This code is contributed by rathbhupendra

C

#include < stdio.h> void swap( int * xp, int * yp) { if (xp == yp) //Check if the two addresses are same return ; *xp = *xp + *yp; *yp = *xp - *yp; *xp = *xp - *yp; } int main() { int x = 10; swap(& x, & x); printf ( "After swap(& x, & x): x = %d" , x); return 0; }

Java

//Java program of above approach class GFG { static void swap( int xp, int yp) { if (xp == yp) //Check if the two addresses are same return ; xp = xp + yp; yp = xp - yp; xp = xp - yp; } //Driver code public static void main(String[] args) { int x = 10 ; swap(x, x); System.out.println( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " + x); } } //This code is Contributed by Code_Mech.

Python3

# Python3 program of above approach def swap(xp, yp):# Check if the two addresses are same if (xp[ 0 ] = = yp[ 0 ]): return xp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] + yp[ 0 ] yp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] - yp[ 0 ] xp[ 0 ] = xp[ 0 ] - yp[ 0 ]# Driver Code x = [ 10 ] swap(x, x) print ( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " , x[ 0 ]) # This code is contributed by SHUBHAMSINGH10

C#

//C# program of above approach using System; class GFG { static void swap( int xp, int yp) { if (xp == yp) //Check if the two addresses are same return ; xp = xp + yp; yp = xp - yp; xp = xp - yp; } //Driver code public static void Main() { int x = 10; swap(x, x); Console.WriteLine( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " + x); } } //This code is Contributed by Code_Mech.

PHP

< ?php function swap( $xp , $yp ) { //Check if the two addresses //are same if ( $xp == $yp ) return ; $xp = $xp + $yp ; $yp = $xp - $yp ; $xp = $xp - $yp ; } //Driver Code $x = 10; swap( $x , $x ); echo ( "After swap(& x, & x): x = " . $x ); return 0; //This code is contributed //by Code_Mech.

输出：

After swap(& x, & x): x = 10

方法3(按位运算符和算术运算符的混合)
这个想法与在
方法1
但是使用按位加减法进行交换。
下面是上述方法的实现。
C++

//C++ program to swap two numbers. //Including header file. #include< bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; //Function to swap the numbers. void swap( int & a, int & b) { //same as a = a + b a = (a & b) + (a | b); //same as b = a - b b = a ^ b; //same as a = a - b a = a + (~b) + 1; } //Driver Code int main() { int a = 5, b = 10; //Function Call swap(a, b); cout < < "After swapping: a = " < < a < < ", b = " < < b; return 0; } //This code is contributed by yashbeersingh42

输出：

After swapping: a = 10, b = 5

如果发现任何不正确的地方, 或者想分享有关上述主题的更多信息, 请发表评论。

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