Android开发学习之路--Notification之初体验

行是知之始,知是行之成。这篇文章主要讲述Android开发学习之路--Notification之初体验相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
一般当我们收到短信啊，微信啊，或者有些app的提醒。我们都会在通知栏收到一天简单的消息，然后点击消息进入到app里面，事实上android中有专门的Notification的类能够完毕这个工作，这里就实现下这个功能。
首先新建NotificationTestproject，然后加入一个button，用来触发通知。然后编写代码例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private Button sendNotificationBtn; private int mId = 1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification); sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener()); }private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()) { case R.id.sendNotification: setSendNotificationBtn(); break; default: break; } } }public void setSendNotificationBtn () { NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) .setContentTitle(" My Notification" ) .setContentText(" Hello Notification" ); NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); manager.notify(mId, notification.build()); } }

这里了用了NotificatonCompat.Builder来创建一个简单的Notification，setSmallIcon是指定当中的图标，setContentTitle方法是指定标题，setContentText指定内容，然后通过getSystemService获取通知的管理类，通过notify方法发送通知，当中mId是一个id号，每个通知有其独特的通知号。不能反复。
执行效果例如以下所看到的：

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接着我们来实现点击通知后跳转到相应的Activity中，然后消除这条通知。再创建一个Activity，布局例如以下：

< ?xml version=" 1.0" encoding=" utf-8" ?
> < LinearLayout xmlns:android=" http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools=" http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width=" match_parent" android:layout_height=" match_parent" tools:context=" com.example.jared.notificationtest.Notification" > < TextView android:layout_width=" wrap_content" android:layout_height=" wrap_content" android:text=" 欢迎点击通知事件!" android:layout_margin=" 20dp" android:textSize=" 20dp" /> < /LinearLayout>

这里就一个textview用来显示下信息，接着编写代码例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; public class Notification extends AppCompatActivity {private int mId = 1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_notification); NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); manager.cancel(mId); } }

这里进入到Activity后就把通知清除掉，接着就是改动MainActivity代码：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private Button sendNotificationBtn; private int mId = 1; private int numMessage = 0; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification); sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener()); }private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()) { case R.id.sendNotification: setSendNotificationBtn(); break; default: break; } } }public void setSendNotificationBtn () { NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) .setContentTitle(" My Notification" ) .setContentText(" Hello Notification" ) .setNumber(++numMessage); Intent intent = new Intent(this, Notification.class); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT); notification.setContentIntent(pendingIntent); NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); manager.notify(mId, notification.build()); } }

这里又加入了setNumber方法。主要是显示来了几条通知，比方微信中就须要知道，然后实例化了一个intent。再实例化一个pendingIntent。获取activity，在NotificationCompat.Builder里setContentIntent。之后就能够达到我们的效果，执行并点击通知例如以下所看到的：

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如上所看到的收到了6条通知，然后点击后通知也消除了。

一般在下载歌曲啊。图片啊的时候。会有进度条表示下载的过程，这里来模拟实现下这个功能。改动MainAcitivy代码例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private static final String TAG = " MainActivity" ; private Button sendNotificationBtn; private int mId = 1; private int numMessage = 0; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification); sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener()); }private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()) { case R.id.sendNotification: setSendNotificationBtn(); break; default: break; } } }public void setSendNotificationBtn () { final NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) .setContentTitle(" Music Download" ) .setContentText(" burning.mp3" ) .setNumber(++numMessage); Intent intent = new Intent(this, Notification.class); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT); notification.setContentIntent(pendingIntent); final NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); new Thread( new Runnable(){ @Override public void run() { for(int cnt=0; cnt< =100; cnt++){ notification.setProgress(100, cnt, false); manager.notify(mId, notification.build()); try { Thread.sleep(200); } catch (InterruptedException e) { Log.d(TAG, " Sleep failure" ); } } notification.setContentText(" Download complete" ); notification.setProgress(0, 0, false); manager.notify(mId, notification.build()); } } ).start(); } }

这里通过setProgress方法来实现，这里开了一个Thread，当下载完毕后又一次设置下内容。
执行结果例如以下：

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图1显示运行进度条在走，图2完毕了下载功能。

一般收到通知，手机都会有一段声音。加上震动。那么接下来来实现这个功能。上图，假设下载完毕后，就放一段音乐而且震动，改动代码例如以下：

package com.example.jared.notificationtest; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import java.io.File; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private static final String TAG = " MainActivity" ; private Button sendNotificationBtn; private int mId = 1; private int numMessage = 0; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); sendNotificationBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendNotification); sendNotificationBtn.setOnClickListener(new myOnClickListener()); }private class myOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View view) { switch (view.getId()) { case R.id.sendNotification: setSendNotificationBtn(); break; default: break; } } }public void setSendNotificationBtn () { final NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this) .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) .setContentTitle(" Music Download" ) .setContentText(" burning.mp3" ) .setNumber(++numMessage); Intent intent = new Intent(this, Notification.class); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT); notification.setContentIntent(pendingIntent); final NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); new Thread( new Runnable(){ @Override public void run() { for(int cnt=0; cnt< =100; cnt++){ notification.setProgress(100, cnt, false); manager.notify(mId, notification.build()); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { Log.d(TAG, " Sleep failure" ); } } notification.setContentText(" Download complete" ); notification.setProgress(0, 0, false); Uri soundUri = Uri.fromFile(new File(" /system/media/audio/animationsounds/bootSound.ogg" )); notification.setSound(soundUri); long[] vibrates = {0, 1000, 1000, 1000}; notification.setVibrate(vibrates); manager.notify(mId, notification.build()); } } ).start(); } }

这里加上了setSound和setVibrate方法，而且须要在AndroidManifest中加入权限：

< uses-permission android:name=" android.permission.VIBRATE" />

这里的歌曲名是通过adb shell查看系统的存在的音乐：

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下载到手机执行后就能够观察效果。当然还能够控制led灯，不知为啥led灯的效果一直没有，网上翻阅非常多资料也没找到问题所在，若有朋友知道。麻烦告知一二不甚感激。

notification.setSound(RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION)); long[] vibrates = {0, 1000, 1000, 1000}; notification.setVibrate(vibrates); notification.setLights(Color.GREEN, 1000, 1000);

关于Notification基本上就学到这里了。

【Android开发学习之路--Notification之初体验】