本文概述
- 实现
- 支持的语言
在本文中, 你将学习如何以最基本的表达方式使用语音识别API。
实现首先, 你需要了解浏览器是否支持API。为此, 你可以使用以下任意代码片段来验证浏览器中的窗口对象是否具有webkitSpeechRecognition属性：
if (!('webkitSpeechRecognition' in window)) {alert("Unable to use the Speech Recognition API");
}// Orif (!window.hasOwnProperty("webkitSpeechRecognition")) {alert("Unable to use the Speech Recognition API");
}// Orif(typeof(webkitSpeechRecognition) != "function"){alert("Unable to use the Speech Recognition API");
}验证后, 即可开始使用此API。创建webkitSpeechRecognition类的新实例并设置基本属性：
// Create a new instance of SpeechRecognitionvar recognition = new webkitSpeechRecognition();
// Define whether continuous results are returned for each recognition// or only a single result. Defaults to falserecognition.continuous = true;
// Controls whether interim results should be returned // Interim results are results that are not yet final // (e.g. the SpeechRecognitionResult.isFinal property is false.)recognition.interimResults = true;
// Returns and sets the language of the current SpeechRecognition. // If not specified, this defaults to the HTML lang attribute value// or the user agent's language setting if that isn't set either.// There are a lot of supported languages (go to supported languages at the end of the article)recognition.lang = "en-US";
现在已经设置了基本选项, 你将需要添加一些事件处理程序。在这种情况下, 我们将添加基本侦听器为onerror, onstart, onend和onresult(用于检索识别的文本的事件)。
错误
// Fired when an error happens with the speech recognition// With all the following erro codes:// info-blocked// info-denied// no-speech// aborted// audio-capture// network// not-allowed// service-not-allowed// bad-grammar// language-not-supported// recognition_overlap recognition.onerror = function(event) {console.error(event);
};
启动时
// will run when the speech recognition // service has began listening to incoming audio recognition.onstart = function() {console.log('Speech recognition service has started');
};
结束
// run when the speech recognition service has disconnected// (automatically or forced with recognition.stop())recognition.onend = function() {console.log('Speech recognition service disconnected');
};
结果
// This event is triggered when the speech recognition service// returns a result — a word or phrase has been positively //recognized and this has been communicated back to your apprecognition.onresult = function(event) {var interim_transcript = '';
var final_transcript = '';
for (var i = event.resultIndex;
i <
event.results.length;
++i) {// Verify if the recognized text is the last with the isFinal propertyif (event.results[i].isFinal) {final_transcript += event.results[i][0].transcript;
} else {interim_transcript += event.results[i][0].transcript;
}}// Choose which result may be useful for youconsole.log("Interim: ", interim_transcript);
console.log("Final: ", final_transcript);
console.log("Simple: ", event.results[0][0].transcript);
};
onresult事件接收自定义偶数对??象作为第一个参数。结果存储在event.results属性中(SpeechRecognitionResultList类型的对象, 该对象存储SpeechRecognitionResult对象, 而该对象又包含SpeechRecognitionAlternative实例, 该实例具有包含文本的transcript属性)。
最后一步, 你需要通过执行识别对象的start方法来启动它, 或者在其运行时执行stop方法来停止它：
// start the speech recognitionrecognition.start();
// Stop the speech recognitionrecognition.stop();
现在, 使用语音识别API的整个功能片段应如下所示：
var recognition = new webkitSpeechRecognition();
recognition.continuous = true;
recognition.interimResults = true;
recognition.lang = "en-US";
recognition.onerror = function(event) {console.error(event);
};
recognition.onstart = function() {console.log('Speech recognition service has started');
};
recognition.onend = function() {console.log('Speech recognition service disconnected');
};
recognition.onresult = function(event) {var interim_transcript = '';
var final_transcript = '';
for (var i = event.resultIndex;
i <
event.results.length;
++i) {// Verify if the recognized text is the last with the isFinal propertyif (event.results[i].isFinal) {final_transcript += event.results[i][0].transcript;
} else {interim_transcript += event.results[i][0].transcript;
}}// Choose which result may be useful for youconsole.log("Interim: ", interim_transcript);
console.log("Final: ", final_transcript);
console.log("Simple: ", event.results[0][0].transcript);
};
recognition.start();
一旦执行了start方法, 麦克风权限对话框将显示在浏览器中。
继续并在你的Web或本地服务器中对其进行测试。你可以在此处查看官方Chrome演示中所有可用语言在浏览器中运行的语音识别API的实时演示。
支持的语言目前, 该API在Chrome中支持40种语言。某些语言根据地区有特定的代码(标识符遵循BCP-47格式)：
| 语言 | 区域 | 语言代码 |
|---|---|---|
| 南非语 | default | af-ZA |
| 印尼语 | default | 编号 |
| 马来语 | default | 毫秒 |
| 加泰罗尼亚语 | default | 胚胎干细胞 |
| 切什蒂纳 | default | cs-CZ |
| 丹斯克 | default | 大DK |
| 德意志 | default | 去DE |
| 英语 | 澳大利亚 | en-AU |
| 英语 | 加拿大 | en-CA |
| 英语 | 印度 | en-IN |
| 英语 | 新西兰 | 新西兰 |
| 英语 | 南非 | en-ZA |
| 英语 | 英国 | en-GB |
| 英语 | 美国 | zh-CN |
| 西班牙文 | 阿根廷 | 增强现实 |
| 西班牙文 | 玻利维亚 | es-BO |
| 西班牙文 | 智利 | es-CL |
| 西班牙文 | 哥伦比亚 | 二氧化碳 |
| 西班牙文 | 哥斯达黎加 | 胚胎干细胞 |
| 西班牙文 | 厄瓜多尔 | es-EC |
| 西班牙文 | 萨尔瓦多 | es-SV |
| 西班牙文 | 西班牙 | ES-ES |
| 西班牙文 | Estados Unidos | es-US |
| 西班牙文 | 危地马拉 | es-GT |
| 西班牙文 | 洪都拉斯 | 血红蛋白 |
| 西班牙文 | 墨西哥 | es-MX |
| 西班牙文 | 尼加拉瓜 | es-NI |
| 西班牙文 | 巴拿马 | es-PA |
| 西班牙文 | 巴拉圭 | – |
| 西班牙文 | 秘鲁 | 聚醚砜 |
| 西班牙文 | 波多黎各 | es-PR |
| 西班牙文 | 多米尼加共和国 | es-DO |
| 西班牙文 | 乌拉圭 | es-UY |
| 西班牙文 | 委内瑞拉 | VE |
| Euskara | default | 欧盟 |
| 菲律宾语 | default | PH |
| 法兰西 | default | fr-FR |
| 加莱戈 | default | gl-ES |
| 赫尔瓦茨基 | default | hr_HR |
| 伊祖祖鲁 | default | 祖扎 |
| 伊斯伦斯卡 | default | 伊斯兰国 |
| 意大利语 | 意大利 | IT |
| 意大利语 | Svizzera | 痒 |
| 列图维奇 | default | LT |
| 马盖尔 | default | – |
| 荷兰 | default | NL |
| 挪威语 | default | 否 |
| 波尔斯基 | default | 聚乳酸 |
| 葡萄牙语 | 巴西 | 苯丙氨酸 |
| 葡萄牙语 | 葡萄牙 | PT-PT |
| 罗马纳 | default | 滚装 |
| 斯洛文尼亚 | default | sl-SI |
| 斯洛文尼亚 | default | sk-SK |
| omi美 | default | Fi-FI |
| 斯文斯卡 | default | sv-SE |
| 丁维特 | default | 病毒 |
| 图尔克 | default | TR-TR |
| Ελληνικ? | default | 遗传资源 |
| български | default | 血糖 |
| Pусский | default | RU-RU |
| Српски | default | sr-RS |
| Укра?нська | default | 英国 |
| ??? | default | ko-KR |
| 中文 | 普通话(中国大陆) | cmn-Hans-CN |
| 中文 | 普通话(香港) | cmn-汉斯-香港 |
| 中文 | 中文(台湾) | cmn-Hant-TW |
| 中文 | 粤语(香港) | 粤汉香港 |
| 日本语 | default | ja-JP |
| ?????? | default | 高输入 |
| ??????? | default | – |
var allAvailableLanguages = [{"language": "Afrikaans", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "af-ZA", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Bahasa Indonesia", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "id-ID", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Bahasa Melayu", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "ms-MY", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Català", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "ca-ES", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "?e?tina", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "cs-CZ", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Dansk", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "da-DK", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Deutsch", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "de-DE", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "English", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "en-AU", "country": "Australia"}, {"langCode": "en-CA", "country": "Canada"}, {"langCode": "en-IN", "country": "India"}, {"langCode": "en-NZ", "country": "New Zealand"}, {"langCode": "en-ZA", "country": "South Africa"}, {"langCode": "en-GB", "country": "United Kingdom"}, {"langCode": "en-US", "country": "United States"}]}, {"language": "Espa?ol", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "es-AR", "country": "Argentina"}, {"langCode": "es-BO", "country": "Bolivia"}, {"langCode": "es-CL", "country": "Chile"}, {"langCode": "es-CO", "country": "Colombia"}, {"langCode": "es-CR", "country": "Costa Rica"}, {"langCode": "es-EC", "country": "Ecuador"}, {"langCode": "es-SV", "country": "El Salvador"}, {"langCode": "es-ES", "country": "Espa?a"}, {"langCode": "es-US", "country": "Estados Unidos"}, {"langCode": "es-GT", "country": "Guatemala"}, {"langCode": "es-HN", "country": "Honduras"}, {"langCode": "es-MX", "country": "México"}, {"langCode": "es-NI", "country": "Nicaragua"}, {"langCode": "es-PA", "country": "Panamá"}, {"langCode": "es-PY", "country": "Paraguay"}, {"langCode": "es-PE", "country": "Perú"}, {"langCode": "es-PR", "country": "Puerto Rico"}, {"langCode": "es-DO", "country": "República Dominicana"}, {"langCode": "es-UY", "country": "Uruguay"}, {"langCode": "es-VE", "country": "Venezuela"}]}, {"language": "Euskara", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "eu-ES", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Filipino", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "fil-PH", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Fran?ais", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "fr-FR", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Galego", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "gl-ES", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Hrvatski", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "hr_HR", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "IsiZulu", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "zu-ZA", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "íslenska", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "is-IS", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Italiano", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "it-IT", "country": "Italia"}, {"langCode": "it-CH", "country": "Svizzera"}]}, {"language": "Lietuvi?", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "lt-LT", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Magyar", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "hu-HU", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Nederlands", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "nl-NL", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Norsk bokm?l", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "nb-NO", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Polski", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "pl-PL", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Português", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "pt-BR", "country": "Brasil"}, {"langCode": "pt-PT", "country": "Portugal"}]}, {"language": "Roman?", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "ro-RO", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Sloven??ina", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "sl-SI", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Sloven?ina", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "sk-SK", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Suomi", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "fi-FI", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Svenska", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "sv-SE", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Ti?ng Vi?t", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "vi-VN", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Türk?e", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "tr-TR", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Ελληνικ?", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "el-GR", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "български", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "bg-BG", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Pусский", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "ru-RU", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Српски", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "sr-RS", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "Укра?нська", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "uk-UA", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "???", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "ko-KR", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "中文", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "cmn-Hans-CN", "country": "普通话 (中国大陆)"}, {"langCode": "cmn-Hans-HK", "country": "普通话 (香港)"}, {"langCode": "cmn-Hant-TW", "country": "中文 (台灣)"}, {"langCode": "yue-Hant-HK", "country": "粵語 (香港)"}]}, {"language": "日本語", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "ja-JP", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "??????", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "hi-IN", "country": "Default"}]}, {"language": "???????", "countryCodes": [{"langCode": "th-TH", "country": "Default"}]}];
allAvailableLanguages.forEach(function(item){if(item.countryCodes.length >
1){var allCountries = "";
console.log(item.language + " ("+item.countryCodes.length+" country(s)) ");
item.countryCodes.forEach(function(countryItem){console.log(""+countryItem.country + " | "+ countryItem.langCode);
});
}else{console.log(item.language + " ["+item.countryCodes[0].langCode+"]");
}});
控制台中谁的输出将是：
// Afrikaans [af-ZA]// Bahasa Indonesia [id-ID]// Bahasa Melayu [ms-MY]// Català [ca-ES]// ?e?tina [cs-CZ]// Dansk [da-DK]// Deutsch [de-DE]// English (7 country(s)) //Australia | en-AU//Canada | en-CA//India | en-IN//New Zealand | en-NZ//South Africa | en-ZA//United Kingdom | en-GB//United States | en-US// Espa?ol (20 country(s)) //Argentina | es-AR//Bolivia | es-BO//Chile | es-CL//Colombia | es-CO//Costa Rica | es-CR//Ecuador | es-EC//El Salvador | es-SV//Espa?a | es-ES//Estados Unidos | es-US//Guatemala | es-GT//Honduras | es-HN//México | es-MX//Nicaragua | es-NI//Panamá | es-PA//Paraguay | es-PY//Perú | es-PE//Puerto Rico | es-PR//República Dominicana | es-DO//Uruguay | es-UY//Venezuela | es-VE// Euskara [eu-ES]// Filipino [fil-PH]// Fran?ais [fr-FR]// Galego [gl-ES]// Hrvatski [hr_HR]// IsiZulu [zu-ZA]// íslenska [is-IS]// Italiano (2 country(s)) //Italia | it-IT//Svizzera | it-CH// Lietuvi? [lt-LT]// Magyar [hu-HU]// Nederlands [nl-NL]// Norsk bokm?l [nb-NO]// Polski [pl-PL]// Português (2 country(s)) //Brasil | pt-BR//Portugal | pt-PT// Roman? [ro-RO]// Sloven??ina [sl-SI]// Sloven?ina [sk-SK]// Suomi [fi-FI]// Svenska [sv-SE]// Ti?ng Vi?t [vi-VN]// Türk?e [tr-TR]// Ελληνικ? [el-GR]// български [bg-BG]// Pусский [ru-RU]// Српски [sr-RS]// Укра?нська [uk-UA]// ??? [ko-KR]// 中文 (4 country(s)) //普通话 (中国大陆) | cmn-Hans-CN//普通话 (香港) | cmn-Hans-HK//中文 (台灣) | cmn-Hant-TW//粵語 (香港) | yue-Hant-HK// 日本語 [ja-JP]// ?????? [hi-IN]// ??????? [th-TH]【JavaScript语言中的语音识别API入门】编码愉快！
推荐阅读
- 如何使用JavaScript解码图像中的QR码
- 如何使用JavaScript在浏览器中轻松创建寻字游戏(字母汤)
- 如何在Windows中使用命令提示符使用PhantomJS
- 如何在JavaScript中检查对象是否具有正确的属性
- 如何使用JavaScript和jQuery检测大写锁定(大写)是否按下
- 足不出户，一探古今，打造线上3D数字博物馆!
- UNITY3D 游戏开发之八Unity编译到iPhone运行 Collider 无法正常触发事件解决方案
- iOS底层面试题（下篇）
- 开发者如何快速搭建自己的电商App?