性能工具之ab压力测试工具及ab命令详解

不操千曲而后晓声，观千剑而后识器。这篇文章主要讲述性能工具之ab压力测试工具及ab命令详解相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
背景安装

yum -y install httpd-tools

查看版本

[root@7dgroup2 ~]# ab -V
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 < $Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
帮助
[root@7dgroup2 ~]# ab help
ab: invalid URL
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
-n requestsNumber of requests to perform
-c concurrencyNumber of multiple requests to make at a time
-t timelimitSeconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
This implies -n 50000
-s timeoutSeconds to max. wait for each response
Default is 30 seconds
-b windowsizeSize of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
-B addressAddress to bind to when making outgoing connections
-p postfileFile containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
-u putfileFile containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
-T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
\'application/x-www-form-urlencoded\'
Default is \'text/plain\'
-v verbosityHow much troubleshooting info to print
-wPrint out results in html tables
-iUse HEAD instead of GET
-x attributesString to insert as table attributes
-y attributesString to insert as tr attributes
-z attributesString to insert as td or th attributes
-C attributeAdd cookie, eg. \'Apache=1234\'. (repeatable)
-H attributeAdd Arbitrary header line, eg. \'Accept-Encoding: gzip\'
Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
-A attributeAdd Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-P attributeAdd Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
are a colon separated username and password.
-X proxy:portProxyserver and port number to use
-VPrint version number and exit
-kUse HTTP KeepAlive feature
-dDo not show percentiles served table.
-SDo not show confidence estimators and warnings.
-qDo not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
-g filenameOutput collected data to gnuplot format file.
-e filenameOutput CSV file with percentages served
-rDon\'t exit on socket receive errors.
-hDisplay usage information (this message)
-Z ciphersuiteSpecify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
-f protocolSpecify SSL/TLS protocol
(SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)
[root@7dgroup2 ~]#

-n在测试会话中所执行的请求个数。默认时，仅执行一个请求。
-c一次产生的请求个数。默认是一次一个。
-t测试所进行的最大秒数。其内部隐含值是-n 50000，它可以使对服务器的测试限制在一个固定的总时间以内。默认时，没有时间限制。

快速上手

[root@7dgroup2 ~]# ab -n10 -c 10 http://172.17.211.142:8089/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 < $Revision: 1430300 $>
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking 172.17.211.142 (be patient).....done
Server Software:#服务器软件
Server Hostname:172.17.211.142 #域名
Server Port:8089#请求端口号
Document Path:/#文件路径
Document Length:76443 bytes#页面字节数
Concurrency Level:10#请求的并发数
Time taken for tests:0.064 seconds#总访问时间
Complete requests:10#请求成功数量
Failed requests:0#请求失败数量
Write errors:0
Total transferred:766030 bytes #请求总数据大小（包括header头信息）
HTML transferred:764430 bytes#html页面实际总字节数
Requests per second:157.09 [#/sec] (mean)#每秒多少请求,服务器的吞吐量
Time per request:63.656 [ms] (mean)#用户平均请求等待时间
Time per request:6.366 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) # 服务器平均处理时间，也就是服务器吞吐量的倒数
Transfer rate:11751.86 [Kbytes/sec] received#每秒获取的数据长度
Connection Times (ms)
minmean[+/-sd] medianmax
Connect:000.000#网络链接
Processing:83617.14160#系统处理
Waiting:32418.71855#等待
Total:93717.14260
#Total并不等于前三行数据相加，因为前三行的数据并不是在同一个请求中采集到的，
#可能某个请求的网络延迟最短，但是系统处理时间又是最长的呢。
#所以Total是从整个请求所需要的时间的角度来统计的。
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50%42
66%45
75%51
80%52
90%60
95%60
98%60
99%60
100%60 (longest request)