炒沙作縻终不饱,缕冰文章费工巧。这篇文章主要讲述系统监控平台部署第一节----zabbix安装相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
将Selinux关闭,确保是Disabled状态或警告模式
[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
#targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
关闭操作系统防火墙
[root@localhost /]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost /]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
2.安装zabbix软件
下载镜像源
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.2/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm
Retrieving https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.2/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.pLxlpN: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY
Verifying...################################# [100%]
Preparing...################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:zabbix-release-5.2-1.el8################################# [100%]
[root@localhost ~]# dnf clean all
21 files removed
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install zabbix-server-pgsql zabbix-web-pgsql zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-agent
3.数据库postgresql安装
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-8-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:31 ago on Wed 30 Dec 2020 04:30:58 PM CST.
pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm10 kB/s |11 kB00:01
Package pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-14.noarch is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
PostgreSQL官方的yum源配置文件提供了PostgreSQL12/11/10/9.6/9.5共5个版本的配置信息,一般情况下我们只使用计划安装版本的配置信息,禁用不需要的配置信息可以提高下载速度。要安装12版,可以禁用11/10/9.6/9.5版的配置信息,以及禁用系统内置yum源的PostgreSQL安装模块
CentOS8的内置yum源中已经提供PostgreSQL安装模块(但比官方提供的版本要旧),而在执行安装命令时,内置yum源的优先级高于其他yum源,因此要禁用内置yum源的PostgreSQL安装模块。
root@localhost yum.repos.d]# dnf module list postgresql
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:23 ago on Wed 30 Dec 2020 04:30:58 PM CST.
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream
NameStreamProfilesSummary
postgresql9.6client, server [d]PostgreSQL server and client module
postgresql10 [d]client, server [d]PostgreSQL server and client module
postgresql12client, server [d]ostgreSQL server and client module
关闭内置的PostgreSQl
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# dnf module disable postgresql
PostgreSQL common RPMs for RHEL/CentOS 8 - x86_642.6 kB/s | 3.0 kB00:01
PostgreSQL 13 for RHEL/CentOS 8 - x86_643.4 kB/s | 3.8 kB00:01
PostgreSQL 12 for RHEL/CentOS 8 - x86_643.4 kB/s | 3.8 kB00:01
PostgreSQL 11 for RHEL/CentOS 8 - x86_643.5 kB/s | 3.8 kB00:01
PostgreSQL 9.6 for RHEL/CentOS 8 - x86_643.4 kB/s | 3.8 kB00:01
PostgreSQL 9.5 for RHEL/CentOS 8 - x86_643.4 kB/s | 3.8 kB00:01
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================
PackageArchitectureVersionRepositorySize
==============================================================
Disabling modules:
postgresql
Transaction Summary
==============================================================
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!root@localhost yum.repos.d]# dnf module list postgresql
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:23 ago on Wed 30 Dec 2020 04:30:58 PM CST.
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream
NameStreamProfilesSummary
postgresql9.6client, server [x]PostgreSQL server and client module
postgresql10 [d]client, server [d] [x]PostgreSQL server and client module
postgresql12client, server [x]ostgreSQL server and client module[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# dnf install postgresql12-server
4.创建初始数据库
【注】由于红帽系列分发的策略,PostgreSQL 安装不会启用自动启动或自动
初始化数据库。所以必须先初始化数据库后再启动,否则会报错
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# /usr/pgsql-12/bin/postgresql-12-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK
启动数据库,并设置开机自启
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start postgresql-12.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable postgresql-12
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-12.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-12.service.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl statuspostgresql-12.service
● postgresql-12.service - PostgreSQL 12 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-12.service;
disabled;
vendor preset:>
Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-12-30 17:32:45 CST;
16s ago
Docs: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/static/
Process: 4698 ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-12/bin/postgresql-12-check-db-dir ${PGDATA} (code=>
Main PID: 4704 (postmaster)
Tasks: 8 (limit: 49458)
Memory: 18.5M
CGroup: /system.slice/postgresql-12.service
├─4704 /usr/pgsql-12/bin/postmaster -D /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/
├─4705 postgres: logger
├─4707 postgres: checkpointer
├─4708 postgres: background writer
├─4709 postgres: walwriter
├─4710 postgres: autovacuum launcher
├─4711 postgres: stats collector
└─4712 postgres: logical replication launcher
createuser 创建一个新的 PostgreSQL 用户,并输入口令12345678
[root@localhost /]# sudo -u postgres createuser --pwprompt zabbix
Enter password for new role:
Enter it again:
创建zabbix数据库(后),并指定所有者为zabbix(前)
[root@localhost /]# sudo -u postgres createdb -O zabbix zabbix
导入初始架构和数据,系统将提示您输入新创建的密码。
[root@localhost /]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-pgsql*/create.sql.gz | sudo -u zabbix psql zabbix
本地访问是md5验证方式,远程主机,任意ip访问,md5验证方式
[root@localhost /]# vim /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/pg_hba.conf
# IPv4 local connections:
hostallall0.0.0.0:0md5
hostallall127.0.0.1/32md5
重启数据库
[root@localhost /]# systemctl restart postgresql-12.service
验证数据库,检查是否可以联通
[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U zabbix -p 5432 zabbix -W
Password:
psql (12.5)
Type "help" for help.zabbix=>
5.为Zabbix server配置数据库
编辑配置文件 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
### Option: DBPassword/D
#Database password.
#Comment this line if no password is used.
#
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBPassword=
DBPassword=123456
DBPort=5432#默认也可以
6.为Zabbix前端配置php
编辑配置文件 /etc/nginx/conf.d/zabbix.conf,改端口和域名
[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/zabbix.conf
server {
listen80;
server_name192.168.0.136;
7.启动Zabbix server和agent进程
启动Zabbix server和agent进程,并为它们设置开机自启:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php-fpm
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
四、配置zabbix前端连接到新安装的Zabbix前端: http://server_ip_or_name
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这里如果是localhost,会报错,改成127.0.0.1即可,详细解释参考文尾
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这里可以选择界面颜色
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五、服务端安装故障 1.无法连接数据库
1)故障现象在配置过程中,出现如下两个错误
错误一:配置页面提示在“localhost:下无法连接数据库
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错误二:Web端提示“zabbix server is not running
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检查系统日志报错如下:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
1095:20210101:092732.077 [Z3001] connection to database \'zabbix\' failed: [0] FATAL:Ident authentication failed for user "zabbix"3
通过localhost连接数据库,报错依旧
[root@localhost ~]# su - postgres
[postgres@localhost ~]$ psql -h localhost -U zabbix -p 5432 zabbix -W
Password:
psql: error: FATAL:Ident authentication failed for user "zabbix"
2)解决方法造成此类问题是由于Postgres在指定-h localhost时会使用IPv6的规则,
当指定-h 127.0.0.1时,它会强制Postgres使用IPv4规则,由于之前已经配置了在pg_hba.conf文件中配置了IPV4规则,所以用127.0.0.1是可以正常访问,如果要以localhost进行数据库连接,需要修改配置文件中的IPV6规则:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/pg_hba.conf
# IPv6 local connections:
hostallall::1/128md5
注意:pg_hba.conf中的规则默认第一天记录优先,如果第一条记录验证失败,则不会考虑后续规则。
- 在pg_hba.conf中添加了IPV6规则,即可解决上述故障
- 或者不考虑localhost访问的,只用127.0.0.1的IP访问,则可以编辑zabbix配置文件,修改DBHost为数据库ip地址即可
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf DBHost=127.0.0.1
2.Web页面乱码
1)故障现象
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Web页面出现乱码
2)解决方法在windows主机上,找到自己喜欢的中文字体:
比如选择“新宋体”,将其拷贝至zabbix服务器“/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts”目录下
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[root@localhost fonts]# ls graphfont.ttfsimsun.ttc
将字体名称修改为msyh.ttf
[root@localhost fonts]# mv simsun.ttc msyh.ttf [root@localhost fonts]# ls graphfont.ttfmsyh.ttf
修改zabbix配置文件,识别新字体
[root@localhost fonts]# vim /usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php define(\'ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME\',\'msyh\'); // font file name define(\'ZBX_FONT_NAME\', \'msyh\');
刷新页面,乱码显示正常:
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【系统监控平台部署第一节----zabbix安装】服务端安装过程完成,zabbix服务端配置完成
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