SpringBoot定时任务多线程实现示例 SpringBoot定时任务多线程实现示

测试Spring Boot定时任务冲突时，使用的线程数量
引入依赖：

Spring Boot 2.6.1

org.projectlomboklombok

简单的测试类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * @author Song Jiangtao * @date 2021/12/22 * @description: */@Component@Slf4jpublic class Task {@Scheduled(cron="*/2 * * * * ?")public void process(){log.info("do something"); }@Scheduled(fixedRate = 2000)public void currentTime(){log.info("做点什么"); }}

启动类开启定时任务：@EnableScheduling
测试结果如下：

文章图片

由结果可见，main线程启动以后和scheduling-1线程跑了两个任务
【SpringBoot定时任务多线程实现示例】由此可见，Spring Boot 定时器默认是单线程
我们新增两个定时任务来看看这样会有什么后果

@Scheduled(cron="*/2 * * * * ?")public void process2() throws InterruptedException {Thread.sleep(5000L); log.info("do something use long time"); } @Scheduled(cron="*/2 * * * * ?") public void process3() throws InterruptedException {Thread.sleep(10000L); log.info("do something use long long time"); }

2021-12-22 16:30:28.735INFO 14520 --- [main] c.e.s.SpringBootScheduledApplication: Starting SpringBootScheduledApplication using Java 1.8.0_202 on TCZ-D with PID 14520 (D:\code\SpringBootScheduled\target\classes started by Administrator in D:\code\SpringBootScheduled)2021-12-22 16:30:28.738INFO 14520 --- [main] c.e.s.SpringBootScheduledApplication: No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default2021-12-22 16:30:29.315INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:29.318INFO 14520 --- [main] c.e.s.SpringBootScheduledApplication: Started SpringBootScheduledApplication in 0.937 seconds (JVM running for 3.068)2021-12-22 16:30:30.002INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:30:40.003INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long long time2021-12-22 16:30:45.005INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long time2021-12-22 16:30:45.005INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:45.005INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:30:45.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:45.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:45.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:45.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:45.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:55.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long long time2021-12-22 16:30:55.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:55.006INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:30:55.007INFO 14520 --- [scheduling-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something

很明显任务会发生错乱，严重时会导致线程阻塞，最后崩溃
解决方法：引入线程池新增配置类，配置线程池

package com.example.springbootscheduled.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor; import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor; /** * @author Song Jiangtao * @date 2021/12/22 * @description: */@Configuration@EnableAsyncpublic class TaskConfig {/*** 默认线程数*/private static final int corePoolSize = 10; /*** 最大线程数*/private static final int maxPoolSize = 100; /*** 允许线程空闲时间（单位：默认为秒）,十秒后就把线程关闭*/private static final int keepAliveTime = 10; /*** 缓冲队列数*/private static final int queueCapacity = 200; /*** 线程池名前缀*/private static final String threadNamePrefix = "task-thread-"; /*** bean的名称，默认为首字小写方法名*/@Bean("taskExecutor")public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor getThread() {ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize); executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize); executor.setQueueCapacity(keepAliveTime); executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(queueCapacity); executor.setThreadNamePrefix(threadNamePrefix); //线程池拒绝策略executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()); executor.initialize(); return executor; }}

每个定时任务添加注解 @Async("taskExecutor")

@Async("taskExecutor")@Scheduled(fixedRate = 2000)public void currentTime(){log.info("做点什么"); }

启动测试

2021-12-22 16:41:36.141INFO 19424 --- [main] c.e.s.SpringBootScheduledApplication: Starting SpringBootScheduledApplication using Java 1.8.0_202 on TCZ-D with PID 19424 (D:\code\SpringBootScheduled\target\classes started by Administrator in D:\code\SpringBootScheduled)2021-12-22 16:41:36.143INFO 19424 --- [main] c.e.s.SpringBootScheduledApplication: No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default2021-12-22 16:41:36.991INFO 19424 --- [main] c.e.s.SpringBootScheduledApplication: Started SpringBootScheduledApplication in 1.325 seconds (JVM running for 3.392)2021-12-22 16:41:37.008INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:41:38.001INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-2] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:41:38.991INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-5] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:41:40.003INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-8] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:41:40.991INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-9] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:41:42.001INFO 19424 --- [ task-thread-10] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:41:42.989INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-5] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:41:43.002INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-3] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long time2021-12-22 16:41:44.002INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-9] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:41:44.990INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-5] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:41:45.002INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-6] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long time2021-12-22 16:41:46.001INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-9] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something2021-12-22 16:41:46.990INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-6] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: 做点什么2021-12-22 16:41:47.002INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-1] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long time2021-12-22 16:41:48.002INFO 19424 --- [task-thread-4] c.e.springbootscheduled.scheduled.Task: do something use long long time

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