ansible变量类型 _ansible

古人学问无遗力，少壮工夫老始成。这篇文章主要讲述ansible变量类型相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。

ansible变量类型

0.背景
1 变量定义
2 变量引用
3 变量类型
4 变量类型转换
- 4.1 运行该示例

0.背景很少有人注意到ansible 变量类型的问题，最近工作的时候偶然遇到when条件判断不生效的问题，才注意到了变量数据类型的问题。
查阅了好多资料后才知道，原来ansible定义变量的时候，还像python一样有动态数据类型的概念。
1 变量定义变量可以在play中使用vars关键字定义，例如：

--- - hosts: "{{ hosts_group }}" remote_user: root vars: name1: robin hosts_group: "localhost" date1: 2020-02-02 age1: 21

变量可以在group_vars/all中定义，例如：

name1: robin age1: 21

变量可以在ansible脚本中，使用register定义，例如：

- name: register a var name1 shell: "echo robin" regitster: name1

使用register定义的变量，其实是将运行结果作为一个字典赋值给这个变量。

变量可以在ansible脚本中，使用set_fact定义，例如：

- set_fact: env_name: \'china\' when: ex_env_name==\'zhonguo\'

使用set_fact定义变量，类似普通编程语言定义变量的方式，例如：env_name=‘china’

2 变量引用可以使用双引号加花括号引用变量，例如：

- name: show the var name1 debug: msg: "{{ name1 }}"

这里可以使用python的字符串处理函数

3 变量类型 age1是一个int类型的变量，例如：age1: 21
age2是一个string类型的变量,例如：age2: ‘21’
married和married2是一个布尔类型的变量，例如：married: True 或 married2: true
married3是一个string类型的变量，例如：married3: ‘true’
ages 是一个列表类型的变量，例如：ages=[10,20,30]
4 变量类型转换 age1|string 可以变int转换为string，然后进行比较运算
age2|int 可以把string转为为int，然后进行比较运算
married|string 可以把布尔类型转换为string，然后进行比较运算。
married2|string 可以把布尔类型转换为string，然后进行比较运算。

---- hosts: "{{ hosts_group }}" remote_user: root vars: name1: robin hosts_group: "localhost" date1: 2020-02-02 age1: 21 age2: \'21\' married: True married2: true married3: \'true\' ages=[10,20,30]tasks: - name: def age1 as int debug: msg: "age1 is {{ age1 }} as int" when: age1 == 21- name: def age2 as string debug: msg: "age2 is {{ age2 }} as string" when: age2 == \'21\'- name: def age1 as int to string debug: msg: "age1 is {{ age1 }}" when: age1|string == \'21\'- name: def age2 as string to int debug: msg: "age2 is {{ age2 }}" when: age2|int == 21 and age2|int > = 18- name: change to string and compare age1 and age2 debug: msg: "{{ age1}} {{ age2 }}" when: age1|string + age2|string == \'2121\'- name: change to int and compare age1 and age2 debug: msg: "{{ age1}} {{ age2 }}" when: age1|int - age2|int == 0- name: show the married or not debug: msg: "married is {{ married }}" when: married|string == \'True\'- name: show the married2 or not debug: msg: "married2 is {{ married2 }}" when: married2|string == \'True\'- name: show the married3 or not debug: msg: "married3 is {{ married3 }}" when: married3|string == \'true\'- name: def age1 as list debug: msg: \'age1 is {{ item }} as int\' with_items: "{{ ages }}"

4.1 运行该示例 ansible-playbook test-var.yml

PLAY [localhost] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [localhost]TASK [def age1 as int] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "age1 is 21 as int" }TASK [def age2 as string] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************* ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "age2 is 21 as string" }TASK [def age1 as int to string] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************ ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "age1 is 21" }TASK [def age2 as string to int] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************ ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "age2 is 21" }TASK [change to string and compare age1 and age2] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************* ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "21 21" }TASK [change to int and compare age1 and age2] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "21 21" }TASK [show the married or not] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "married is True" }TASK [show the married2 or not] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************* ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "married2 is True" }TASK [show the married3 or not] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************* ok: [localhost] => { "msg": "married3 is true" }PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** localhost: ok=7changed=0unreachable=0failed=0TASK [def age1 as int] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [localhost] => (item=10) => { "msg": "age1 is 10 as int" } ok: [localhost] => (item=20) => { "msg": "age1 is 20 as int" } ok: [localhost] => (item=30) => { "msg": "age1 is 30 as int" }

【ansible变量类型】参考官方文档：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/user_guide/playbooks_variables.html