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内核|kernel 选项详解(stlinux2.3)

linux内核

?? General setup(基本属性设置)
->[]prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers //显示尚在开发的代码和驱动(嵌入式开发不用选择)
（-pdk7105）Local version -append to kernel release//本地版本信息追加到kernel发布版
[]Automatically append version information to the version string//自动追加版本信息到版本字符串
[*]Support for pading of anonymous memory(swap)//支持交换分区
[*]System V IPC//进程间通信
[]BSD Process Accounting//充许用户进程访问内核将账户信息写入文件中的
[]Export task/process statistics through netlink(EXPERIMENTAL) //通过网络导出任务和进程的统计信息(实验性的)
[]Auditing support//审记支持，用于和内核的某些子模块同时工作
<*>Kernel .config support//将.config配置信息保存在内核中，选上它及它的子项使得其它用户能从/proc中得到内核的配置
->[*]Enable access to .config through /proc/config.gz //允许通过/proc/config.gz存取.config
[14]Kernel log buffer size (16=>64KB,17=>128KB)//kernel日志缓冲区长度
[]Create deprecated sysfs files//建立过时的sysfs文件系统（虽然写着过时然而许多版本仍然有编译)
[]Kernel->user space relay support(formerly relayfs)//relayfs支持,内核空间到用户空间高效数据传输系统支持
[*]Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk(initramfs/initrd) support //初始化initramfs和ram disk的支持，initramfs相对独立，嵌入式开发选用
->()Initramfs source file(s)//此处可以填入你根文件系统中的initramfs目录
[*]Configure standard kernel features(for small systems) --->//为小系统配置标准的内核特性
->---Configure standard kernel features(for small systems)//給嵌入式系統使用的
[*]Enable 16-bit UID system calls//允许16-bit的UID系统调用
[*]Sysctl syscall support//不需要重启就能修改内核的某些参数和变量,如果你也选择了支持/proc,将能从/proc/sys存取可以影响内核行为的参数或变量
[*]Load all symbols for debugging/ksymoops//为调试加载所有符号(可不选择)
[]Do an extra kallsyms pass//除非你在kallsyms中发现了bug并需要报告这个bug才打开该选项
[*]Support for hot-pluggable devices//支持热插拔设备,如usb与pc卡等,Udev也需要它
[]Enable support for printk//允许内核向终端打印字符信息,在需要诊断内核为什么不能运行时选择
[]Bug() support//显示故障和失败条件(BUG和WARN),禁用它将可能导致隐含的错误被忽略
[]Enable ELF core dumps//内存转储支持,可以帮助调试ELF格式的程序
[]Full panic reporting data//所有不安全数据报告
[]Enable full-sized data structures for core//在内核中使用全尺寸的数据结构.禁用它将使得某些内核的数据结构减小,节省内存但是将可能降低性能
[]Enable various size reductions for networking//允许为网络缩减长度
[]Enable INET peer information storage//设置网络访问限制信息存储
[*]Enable network socket filter//允许网络套接字过滤
[*]Enable ethtool support//允许ethtool支持
[*]Enable futex support//支持同步机制互斥
[]Enable eventpoll support//允许事件池支持
[*]Enable signalfd() system call//启用signalfd()事件的文件描述符系统调用
[*]Enable eventfd() system call//启用eventfd()事件的文件描述符系统调用
[*]Use full shmem filesystem//完全使用shmem来代替ramfs.shmem是基于共享内存的文件系统(可能用到swap),在启用TMPFS后可以挂载为tmpfs供用户空间使用,它比简单的ramfs先进许多
[]Calulate CRC32 with tables//使用table表计算CRC32
[]Enable VM event counters for /proc/vmstat//为/proc/vmstat使用VM事件计数器
Choose SLAB allocator(SLAB)--->//选择SLAB分佩符，优化内存
->(X)SLAB//默认分配符
()SLUB(Unqueued Allocator)//非队列分配符
()SLOB(Simple Allocator)//简单分配符
[*]Disable immediate values(NEW)//immediate values提供动态代码补丁方式
[*]Enable loadable module support--->//允许可加载的模块支持
---Enable loadable module support
[*]module unloading//模块卸载
[]module visioning support//模块版本支持
[]Source checksum for all modules//对所有模块进行源代码检测
[*]Automatic kernel module loading//内核自动加载模块
[]Enable ELF hash support for fast loading//为快速加载允许ELF哈希支持
[*]Enable the block layer--->//允许块设备
---Enable the block layer
[]Support for large Block devices//对大型块设备的支持(2TB或以上)
[]Support for tracing block io actions//对块设备进行跟踪
[]Support for large signal files//大文件支持
IO Schedulers --->//磁盘I/O调度器
<*>Anticipatory I/O Scheduler//抢占式I/O调度方式
<*>Deadline I/O scheduler//期限式I/O调度方式
<*>CFQ I/O scheduler//CFQ I/O调度方式均分带宽
Defaule I/O scheduler(Anticipatory) --->//默认I/O调度器
Processor type and features --->//处理器类型及特性
[]Tickless System (Dynamic Ticks)//微标记系统
[]High Resolution Timer Support//高频率时钟支持
[]Symmetric multi-processing support(NEW)//对称多处理器支持
Subarchitecture Type (PC-compatible)--->//子构架类型标准PC或兼容机
[*]Single-depth WCHAN output(NEW)//单精度WCHAN输出系统调用等待时的地址
Processor family (Pentium-Pro) --->//处理器类型
[]Generic X86 support//通用X86支持
[]HPET Timer Support(NEW)//高精度事件时钟支持
Preemption Model (Preemptible Kernel (Low-Latency Desktop))--->//抢先式模块(低延迟桌面)
[*]Preempt the Big kernel lock//抢先式大内核锁选项通过让大内核锁变成“可抢先”来降低延迟
[]Local APIC support on uniprocessors//对特定处理器的本地APIC(高级可编程中断控制器)支持
[]Machine check exception//机器例外检查
[*]Enable VM86 Support//虚拟X86支持,在DOSEMU下运行16-bit程序或XFree86通过BIOS初始化某些显卡的时候才需要
<>Toshiba Laptop support//东芝笔记本支持
<>Dell Laptop support//戴尔笔记本支持
[]Enable X86 board specific fixups for reboot//X86版的重启修复功能
<>/dev/cpu/microcode - Intel IA32 CPU microcode support //Intel IA32架构CPU支持
<>/dev/cpu/*/msr - Model-specific register support//是否打开CPU特殊功能寄存器
<>/dev/cpu/*/cpuid - CPU infomation support//记录CPU相关信息
Firmware Drivers --->//固件驱动
<>BIOS Enhanced disk Drive calls determine boot disk //BIOS加强磁盘功能，确定启动盘
<>BIOS update support for Dell systems via sysfs//DELL机器的BIOS升级支持
<>Dell systems Management Base Driver//Dell系统管理器的基本驱动
[*]Export DMI identification via sysfs to userspace //通过sysfs输出DMI认证到用户空间
High Memory Support(4GB)
[]Big Physical Area version 2//支持大物理地址
[]Allocate 3rd-level pagetables from highmem//允许用户空间页表载入内存
[]Math emulation//数学仿真
[]MTRR(memory type range register)support//内存类型区域寄存器支持
[*]Enabele seccomp to safely compute untrusted bytecode//允许SECCOMP(快速计算)安全的运算非信任代码
Timer frequency(250 Hz)//时钟频率
[]Kexec system call//kexec系统调用(内核重启)
(0x100000)Physical address where the kernel is loaded//kernel被加载的物理地址
(0x100000)Alignment value to which kernel should be aligned //kernel 启动校准值
[*]Compat VDSO support//兼容的虚拟动态共享对象
Power management options(ACPI,APM)--->
[]Power management support//电源管理支持
CPU Frequency scaling --->//
[]CPU Frequency scaling//CPU变频控制
Bus options (PCI,PCMCIA,EISA,MCA,ISA)--->//总线选项
[]PCI support//PCI总线支持
[]ISA support//ISA总线支持
[]MCA support//MCA支持(已淘汰)
<>NatSemi SCx200 support//对AMD geode的基本支持
PCCARD(PCMCIA/CardBus)Support --->//支持16位PCMCIA和32位的CardBus
<>PCCARD(PCMCIA/CardBus)Support
Executable file formats --->//可执行文件格式
[]kernel support for ELF binaries//ELF支持(可执行可链接，用于调试)
<>kernel support for a.out and ECOFF binaries//对a.out和ECOFF二进制文件的支持
<>kernel support for MISC binaries//内核对MISC二进制文件的支持
Networking --->
[*]Networking support//网络支持
Networking options --->//网络选项
<*>Packet socket//包套接字接口
[]Packet socket:mmapped IO//包套接字接口:mmapped IO
<*>Unix domain sockets//Unix域套接字
<>PF KEY socket//PF_KEY套接字
[*]TCP/IP networking//TCP/IP网络
[]IP:multicasting//IP广播协议
[]IP:advanced router//高级路由
[]IP:kernel level autoconfiguration//IP:内核级别自动配置
[] IP:DHCP support//IP:DHCP支持，启动时挂载NFS需要
[] IP:BOOTP support//启动时挂载启动机子上的启动文件
[] IP:RARP support//RARP支持，此项和DHCP需要网络中相应服务器支持
<>IP:tunneling//隧道传输
<>ip:GRE tunnels over IP//GRE广播
[]IP:TCP syncookie support(disabled per default)//TCP cookie同步支持(默认关闭)
<>IP:AH transformation//AH转换
<>IP:ESP transformation//ESP转换
<>IP:IPComp transformation//IPCOMP转换
<>IP:IPsec transport mode//IPsec传输模式
<>IP:IPsec tunnel mode//IPSEC隧道模式
<>IP:IPsec BEET mode//IPSEC BEET模式
<>INET:socket monitoring interface//套接字监控界面
[]TCP:advanced congestion control --->//TCP高级拥挤控制
<>The IPv6 protocol//ipv6协议
[]Security Marking//网络套接字安全标志
[]Network packet filtering framework(Netfilter)--->//网络包过滤框架
<>802.1d Ethernet Bridging//802.1d 网络桥接
<>802.1Q VLAN support//虚拟局域网支持
<>DECnet Support//DEC网络支持
<>ANSI/IEEE 802.2 LLC type 2 support//ANSI/IEEE 802.2 LLC type 2支持
<>The IPX protocol//IPX协议
<>Appletalk protocol support//Appletalk协议支持
Qos and/or fair queueing--->//Qos平衡队列
Network testing--->//网络测试
[]Amateur Radio support --->//业余广播支持
<>IrDA(infrared)subsystem support--->//红外子系统支持
<>Bluetooth subsystem support--->//蓝牙子系统支持
wireless--->//无线支持
<>RF switch subsystem support--->//RF转换子系统支持
Device Driver--->//设备驱动
Generic Driver options --->//通用驱动选项
[*]Prevent firmware from being built//阻止编译固件
<>Userspace firmware loading support//用户空间固件装载支持
<>Connector -unified userspace <-> kernelspace linker --> //连接器——用户空间<->内核空间统一连接
<*>Memory Technology Device(MTD)support--->//内存技术设备支持
---Memory Technology Device(MTD)support
[]Debugging//为MTD子系统打开底层调试
<>MTD concatenating support//MTD并置支持 jffs2多重物理内存
[*]MTD partitioning support//MTD分区支持
<>RedBoot partition table parsing//RedBoot分区表分析
[*]Command line partition table parsing//命令行分区表分析
---User Modules and Translation layers//用户模块和转换层
<*>Direct char device access to MTD devices//用户直接存取字符到MTD设备
---common interface to block layer for MTD devices //为块MTD设备提供公共接口
<*>Caching block device access to MTD devices//为MTD块设备创建缓存
<>FTL(flash translation layer)support//flash传输层支持PCMCIA
<>NFTL(NAND Flash Translation layer)support//Nand flash传输层支持M-Systems' DiskOnChip devices
<>INFTL(Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer)support //反NAND flash传输层支持
<>Resident Flash Disk(Flash Translation layer)Support //RFD支持
<>NAND SSFDC(SmartMedia)Read only translation layer//Nand SSFDC只读传输层
RAM/ROM/Flash chip drivers --->//RAM/ROM/Flash片上驱动
<*>Detect flash chips by Common Flash Interface(CFI)probe //通过CFI查找flash芯片
<*>Detect non-CFI AMD/JEDEC-compatible flash chips//查找非CFI的AMD/联合电子的兼容flash芯片
[]Flash chip driver advanced configuration options//flash芯片驱动高级配置选项
<*>support for INTEL/Sharp flash chips//支持intel/sharp的flash芯片
<*>support for amd/fujitsu flash chips//支持amd/fujitsu的flash芯片
<*>support for st(advanced architecture) flash chips //支持st的flash芯片
<>support for RAM chips in bus mapping//支持RAM芯片总线映射
<>support for ROM chips in bus mapping//支持ROM芯片总线映射
<>Support for absent chips inbus mapping//支持其他芯片总线映射
Mapping drivers for chip access --->//为片上存取映射驱动
[]Support non-linear mappings of flash chips//支持flash片上非线性映射
<*>CFI Flash device in physical memory map//CFI flash设备的物理内存映射
(0x00000000)Physical start address of flash mapping//flash映射的物理起始地址
(0x0)Physical length of flash mapping//flash映射物理长度
(0)Bank width in octets//bank宽度设置(8bit的倍数，ex:4,表示32位)
<>CFI Flash device mapped on Photron PNC-2000//Photron PNC-2000上的CFI flash设备映射
<>CFI Flash device mapped on AMD NetSc520//AMD NetSc520上的CFI flash映射
<>CFI Flash device mapped on Technologic System TS-5500 //echnologic System TS-5500上的CFI flash设备映射
<>BIOS flash chip on AMD76x southbridge//AMD76x南桥BIOS flash芯片
<>BIOS flash chip on Intel Controller Hub 2/3/4/5//intel控制器BIOS flash
<>BIOS flash chip on Intel SCB2 boards//Intel SCB2板上BIOS flash
<>CFI flash device on SnapGear/SecureEdge//SnapGear/SecureEdge上的CFI flash设备
<>BIOS flash chip on Intel L440GX boards//intel L440GX板上的BIOS flash芯片
<>Map driver for platform device ram(mtd-ram)//平台设备的驱动映射
Self-contained MTD device drivers--->//独立的MTD设备驱动
<>Uncached system RAM//系统RAM不缓存
<>Physical system RAM//物理系统RAM
<>Test driver using RAM//使用RAM测试驱动
<>MTD using block device//使用块设备MTD
---Disk-On-Chip Device Drivers//片上磁盘设备驱动
<>M-System Disk-on chip device 2000 and Millennium(DEPRECATED) //(不赞成)
<>M-system disk-on-chip millennium-only alternative driver(DEPRECATED)//
<>M-System Disk-On-Chip Millennium Plus//
<*>Nand Device Support --->//Nand设备支持
---NAND Device Support
[]Verify NAND page writes//验证NAND页写入
[]NAND ECC Smart Media byte order//NAND ECC智能设备字节序
[]Enable chip ids for obsolete ancient NAND devices //允许老式NAND设备接口
<>NAND support for CS5535/CS5536(AMD Geode companion chip)
<>support for NAND Flash SImulator//支持NAND flash模拟器
<*>support for generic platform NAND driver//支持基本平台的NAND驱动
<>STMicroelectronics:EMI 'bit-banging'//ST的位坼开
<>STMicroelectronics:H/W FLEX Controller//ST 高宽伸缩控制器
<>oneNAND Device Support--->//单独NAND设备支持
UBI-Unsorted block images--->//未排序的块镜像
<>Enable UBI
<>Parallel port support--->//并口支持
<*>Block devices--->//块设备
---Block devices
<>Normal floppy disk support//普通软盘支持
<>Loopback device support//回送设备支持
<>Network block device support//网络块设备支持
<>RAM disk support//RAM块设备支持
(16)Default number of RAM disks//默认RAM磁盘数量
(4096)Default RAM disk size(kbytes)//默认RAM磁盘尺寸
(1024)Default RAM disk block size(bytes)//默认RAM磁盘块长
<*>Packet writing on CD/DVD media//CD/DCD媒体包写入
(8)Free buffers for data gathering//数据自由区
<>ATA over Ethernet support//以太网ATA支持
[]Misc devices --->//杂项设备 EEPROM 93cx6支持
<>ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support--->//ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL支持
SCSI device support --->//SCSI设备支持
<>Serial ATA(prod)and Parallel ATA(experimental) drivers--->//stat和pata驱动
[]Multiple devices driver support(RAID and LVM)--->//多设备支持(RAID,LVM)
[]Macintosh device drivers --->//苹果公司的设备支持
[*]Network device support --->//网络设备支持
---Network device support
[]Netdevice multiple hardware queue support
<>Dummy net driver support
<>Bonding driver support
<>EQL (serial line load balancing)support
<>Universal TUN/TAP device driver support
[*]Configure network hardware from the command line//从命令行配置网络硬件
<*>PHY Device support and infrastructure--->//公共物理设备支持
<*>Driver for Micrel PHYs//Micrel物理设备驱动
[*]Ethernet(10 or 100Mbit)--->//100M自适应网卡
<*>Generic Media Independent Interface device support //基本独立媒体接口设备支持
[*]Ethernet(1000 Mbit)--->//千兆网卡
[]Ethernet(10000 Mbit)--->
Wireless LAN--->
[]Wan interfaces support--->
<>PPP support
<>SLIP(serial line)support
<>ISDN support//综合业务数字网支持
<>Telephony support --->//电话支持
Input device support--->//输入设备支持
<*>Mouse interface//鼠标接口
[*]Provide legacy /dev/psaux device//提供传统的/dev/psaux设备
(1024)Horizontal screen resolution//水平屏幕分辨率
(768)Vertical screen resolution//垂直屏幕分辨率
<*>Event interface//事件接口
[*]Miscellaneous devices --->//多种设备
<*>TM1668 LED/Keyboard controller//TM1668 LED/键盘控制器
Hardware I/O ports --->//硬件I/O端口
<*>Serial I/O support//串行I/O支持
<*>Serial port line discipline//串口规则
<*>PS/2 driver library//PS/2驱动库
Character devices --->//字符设备
[*]Virtual terminal//虚拟终端
[*]Unix98 PTY support//PTY
<*>Hardware Random Number Generator Core support//硬件随机数生成器支持
<*>VIA HW Random number generator support//VIA硬件随机数生成器支持
<*>I2C support-->//I2C总线支持
<*>I2C device interface//I2C设备接口
I2C Algorithms --->//I2C算法
<*>I2C bit-banging interfaces//I2C位操作
SPI support--->//SPI支持
Graphics support--->//图形支持
<*>Lowlevel video output switch controls//低等级视频输出开关控制
<*>Support for frame buffer devices//支持frame buffer设备
<*>Enable Software Drawing Helpers//允许软件绘画帮助
Sound --->
<*>Sound card support
<*>Advanced Linux Sound Architecture//高级linux声音架构
<*>Sequencer support//定时器支持
<*>OSS Mixer API//OSS混频器API
<*>OSS PCM(digital audio)API//OSS 音频API
[*]OSS PCM(digital audio)API -Include plugin system//OSS pcm 包括插件系统
[*]Dynamic device file minor numbers//动态副设备文件号
[*]Support old ALSA API//
[*]Verbose procfs contents//冗长的进程文件内容
<*>ALSA for SoC audio support//SOC音频支持
SoC Audio support for SuperH//SOC为SH音频支持
[*]HID Devices --->//
<*>Generic HID support//基本的HID支持
[*]USB support --->//USB支持
<*>LED Support --->//LED支持
<*>LED Class Support//LED 类支持
[*]LED Trigger support//LED触发器支持
<*>LED Heartbeat Trigger//LED跳动触发器
[*]Virtualization --->//虚拟化
File Systems --->//文件系统
<*>JFS filesystem support
<*>ROM file system support
Pseudo filesystems --->//虚拟文件系统
[*]/proc file system support//进程文件支持
[*]/proc/kcore support//
[*]sysctl support(/proc/sys)
[*]sysfs file system support
Network File systems --->//网络文件系统
<*>NFS file system support//NFS文件系统支持
[*]Provide NFSv3 client support//提供NFSv3客户端支持
[*]Root file system on NFS//NFS根文件启动
Native Language Support --->//本地语言支持
Kernel hacking --->//内核调试
[*]Enable __must check logic//允许__must_check逻辑
[*]Enable doublefault exception handler//允许双误表达式句柄

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