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python|python 设置Pyplot的动态rc参数、绘图的填充
2022-06-21
目录import matplotlib as plt
print(plt.ra_params)
1.全局参数定制 Matplotlib的全局参数可以通过编辑配置文件设置import matplotlib as plt
print(plt.matplotlib_fname)
#显示当前用户的配置文件目录
2.rc参数设置 使用Python编程修改rc参数，rc参数及其取值如下表1~3
表1 rc参数名称及其取值
rc参数
解释
取值
lines.linewidth
线条宽度
取0~10的数值，默认1.5
lines.linestyle
线条样式
取“-”“--”“-.”“：”4种，默认为“-”
lines.marker
线条上点的形状
可取“o”“D”等20种，默认为None
lines,markersize
点的大小
取0~10的数值，默认为1
表2 线条样式lines.linestyle的取值
linestyle取值
意义
linestyle取值
意义
-
实线
-.
点线
--
长虚线
:
短虚线
表3 lines.marker参数的取值
需要注意的是，由于默认的Pyplot字体并不支持中文符的显示，因此需要通过设置font.sans-serif参数改变绘图时的字体，使得图形可以正常显示中文。同时，由于更换字体后，会导致坐标轴中的部分字符无法显示，因此需要同时更改axes.unicode_minus参数。plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['SimHei']#用来显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False#用来正常显示符号from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_formatter(DateFormatter('%y/%m/%d'))
#自动旋转X轴的刻度，适应坐标轴
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
#配置中文显示
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['SimHei']#用来显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False#用来正常显示符号
def f(t):
return np.cos(2*np.pi*t)
x1 = np.arange(0.0,4.0,0.5)
x2 = np.arange(0.0,4.0,0.01)
plt.figure(1)
plt.subplot(2,2,1)
plt.plot(x1,f(x1),'bo',x2,f(x2),'k')
plt.title('子图1')
plt.subplot(2,2,2)
plt.plot(x2,f(x2),'r--')
plt.title('子图2')
plt.show()fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = 'o',label = 'one')
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = '+',label = 'two')
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = 'v',label = 'three')
ax.legend(loc = 'best')fig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = 'o',label = 'one')
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = '+',label = 'two')
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = 'v',label = 'three')
ax.set_xticks([0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35])
ax.legend(loc = 'best')fig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = 'o',label = 'one')
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = '+',label = 'two')
ax.plot(np.random.randn(30).cumsum(),color = 'k',linestyle = 'dashed',marker = 'v',label = 'three')
ax.set_xticklabels(['x1','x2','x3','x4','x5'],rotation = 30,fontsize = 'large')
ax.legend(loc = 'best')
3.绘图的填充
x = np.linspace(0,1,500)
y = np.sin(3*np.pi*x)*np.exp(-4*x)
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.fill_between(x,0,y,facecolor = 'green',alpha = 0.3)plt.fill_between(x[15:300],0,0.4,facecolor = 'green',alpha = 0.3)import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.linspace(0,1,500)
y1 = np.sin(3*np.pi*x)*np.exp(-4*x)
y2 = y1 + 0.2
plt.plot(x,y1,'b')
plt.plot(x,y2,'r')
plt.fill_between(x,y1,y2,facecolor = 'green',alpha = 0.3)
plt.show()import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.linspace(0,1,500)
y = np.sin(3*np.pi*x)*np.exp(-4*x)
fig,ax = plt.subplots()
ax.fill(x,y)
plt.show()
【python|python 设置Pyplot的动态rc参数、绘图的填充】
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