VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片

摘要 本篇博文记录一下,用VS+Qt+Halcon实现对图片的读取以及鼠标缩放,移动(鼠标事件调用了halcon自带的算子)的过程。以及遇到的坑.....
先来看一下动态效果图:

主要控件:

  • 添加一个Label控件,对象名设为label,用于显示图片,并将背景设为黑色,设置方法为:选中Label控件,在属性编辑器中找到styleSheet属性,在其后的值中输入background-color:black即可;
  • 添加四个Push Button控件,如上图所示从左至右,对象名依次为:btn_prePic、btn_openPic、btn_nextPic,btn_resetPic,用于打开图片和前后浏览,以及恢复原图;
  • 添加一个Label,对象名设为label_status,用于实时显示坐标和灰度值;
  • 将label_show控件提升为CMyLabel类,用于接收鼠标事件。
代码例程
在Visual Studio中新建一个Qt GUI项目,名称设为BrowsePic,并新建Mylabel类(继承自QLabel)用于label控件的提升。
Mylabel.h
#pragma once#include "qlabel.h"#include"QWheelEvent"#includeusing namespace HalconCpp; class Mylabel :public QLabel{Q_OBJECTpublic:Mylabel(QWidget* parent = Q_NULLPTR); ~Mylabel(); //设置Halcon图像和Halcon窗口句柄,用户响应鼠标事件后实时更新图像void setHalconWnd(HObject img, HTuple hHalconID, QLabel* label); //鼠标滚轮缩放事件void wheelEvent(QWheelEvent* ev); //鼠标按下事件void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent* ev); //鼠标释放事件void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent* ev); //鼠标移动事件void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent* ev); public:HTuple m_labelID; //Qt标签句柄HTuple m_hHalconID; //Halcon窗口句柄HObject m_currentImg; //当前的图像//主界面显示坐标的标签QLabel* m_label; //鼠标按下的位置 HTuple m_tMouseDownRow; HTuple m_tMouseDownCol; bool m_bIsMove; //是否移动图像标识};

Mylabel.cpp
#include "Mylabel.h"//定义单步放大倍率#define ZOOMRATIO 2.0Mylabel::Mylabel(QWidget* parent): QLabel(parent){m_bIsMove = false; this->setMouseTracking(true); }Mylabel::~Mylabel(){}//设置Halcon图像和Halcon窗口句柄,用户响应鼠标事件后实时更新图像void Mylabel::setHalconWnd(HObject img, HTuple hHalconID, QLabel* label){m_hHalconID = hHalconID; m_currentImg = img; m_label = label; }//鼠标滚轮缩放事件,用于缩放图像void Mylabel::wheelEvent(QWheelEvent* ev){double Zoom; //放大或缩小倍率HTuplemouseRow, mouseCol, Button; HTuple startRowBf, startColBf, endRowBf, endColBf, Ht, Wt, startRowAft, startColAft, endRowAft, endColAft; //滚轮前滑,放大if (ev->delta()>0){Zoom = ZOOMRATIO; }else//否则缩小{Zoom = 1 / ZOOMRATIO; }//获取光标在原图上的位置,注意是原图坐标,不是Label下的坐标HTuplehv_Exception, hv_ErrMsg; try{GetMposition(m_hHalconID, &mouseRow, &mouseCol, &Button); }catch (HException& HDevExpDefaultException){return; }//获取原图显示的部分,注意也是原图坐标GetPart(m_hHalconID, &startRowBf, &startColBf, &endRowBf, &endColBf); //缩放前显示的图像宽高Ht = endRowBf - startRowBf; Wt = endColBf - startColBf; //普通版halcon能处理的图像最大尺寸是32K*32K。如果无限缩小原图像,导致显示的图像超出限制,则会造成程序崩溃if (Ht*Wt<20000*20000||Zoom==ZOOMRATIO){//计算缩放后的图像区域startRowAft = mouseRow - ((mouseRow - startRowBf) / Zoom); startColAft = mouseCol - ((mouseCol - startColBf) / Zoom); endRowAft = startRowAft + (Ht / Zoom); endColAft = startColAft + (Wt / Zoom); //如果放大过大,则返回if (endRowAft - startRowAft < 2){return; }if (m_hHalconID != NULL){//如果有图像,则先清空图像DetachBackgroundFromWindow(m_hHalconID); }SetPart(m_hHalconID, startRowAft, startColAft, endRowAft, endColAft); AttachBackgroundToWindow(m_currentImg, m_hHalconID); }}void Mylabel::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent* ev){HTuple mouseRow, mouseCol, Button; try{GetMposition(m_hHalconID, &mouseRow, &mouseCol, &Button); }catch (HException){return; }//鼠标按下时的行列坐标m_tMouseDownRow = mouseRow; m_tMouseDownCol = mouseCol; m_bIsMove = true; }//鼠标释放事件void Mylabel::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent* ev){m_bIsMove = false; }//鼠标移动事件void Mylabel::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent* ev){HTuple startRowBf, startColBf, endRowBf, endColBf, mouseRow, mouseCol, Button; try{GetMposition(m_hHalconID, &mouseRow, &mouseCol, &Button); }catch (HException){return; }//鼠标按下并移动时,移动图像,否则只显示坐标if (m_bIsMove){//计算移动值double RowMove = mouseRow[0].D() - m_tMouseDownRow[0].D(); double ColMove = mouseCol[0].D() - m_tMouseDownCol[0].D(); //得到当前的窗口坐标GetPart(m_hHalconID, &startRowBf, &startColBf, &endRowBf, &endColBf); //移动图像if (m_hHalconID!=NULL){//如果有图像,则先清空图像DetachBackgroundFromWindow(m_hHalconID); }SetPart(m_hHalconID, startRowBf - RowMove, startColBf - ColMove, endRowBf - RowMove, endColBf - ColMove); AttachBackgroundToWindow(m_currentImg, m_hHalconID); }//获取灰度值HTuple pointGray; try{GetGrayval(m_currentImg, mouseRow, mouseCol, &pointGray); }catch (HException){m_label->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("X坐标:-Y坐标:-灰度值:-")); return; }//设置坐标m_label->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("X坐标:%1Y坐标:%2灰度值:%3").arg(mouseCol[0].D()).arg(mouseRow[0].D()).arg(pointGray[0].D())); }

BrowsePic.h
#pragma once#include #include "ui_BrowsePic.h"#include#include"qtoolbar.h"using namespace HalconCpp; #pragma execution_character_set("utf-8"); class BrowsePic : public QWidget{Q_OBJECTpublic:BrowsePic(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR); ~BrowsePic(); //初始化void init(); //显示图像void showImg(); int currentIndex; //显示图像的控件idHTuple m_hLabelID; //QLabel控件句柄HTuple m_hHalconID; //Halcon显示窗口句柄//原始图像的尺寸HTuple m_imgWidth, m_imgHeight; //图片路径列表HTuple m_imgFiles; //当前图像HObject m_hCurrentImg; //缩放后的图像HObject m_hResizedImg; //缩放系数HTuple m_hvScaledRate; //缩放后图像的大小HTuple m_scaledHeight, m_scaledWidth; QToolBar* m_toolBar; public slots://打开图片void on_btn_openPic_clicked(); //浏览前一张void on_btn_prePic_clicked(); //浏览后一张void on_btn_nextPic_clicked(); //恢复图片void on_btn_resetPic_clicked(); private:Ui::BrowsePicClass ui; };

BrowsePic.cpp
#include "browsepic.h"#include"Mylabel.h"#include #include BrowsePic::BrowsePic(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent){ui.setupUi(this); init(); }BrowsePic::~BrowsePic(){}void BrowsePic::init(){//设置halcon的文件路径为utf8,解决中文乱码SetSystem("filename_encoding", "utf8"); //生成空图像GenEmptyObj(&m_hCurrentImg); m_hHalconID = NULL; m_hLabelID = (Hlong)ui.label->winId(); currentIndex = -1; }//显示图像void BrowsePic::showImg(){if (m_hHalconID!=NULL){//如果有图像,则先清空图像DetachBackgroundFromWindow(m_hHalconID); }else{//打开窗口OpenWindow(0, 0, ui.label->width(), ui.label->height(), m_hLabelID, "visible", "", &m_hHalconID); }ui.label-> setHalconWnd(m_hCurrentImg, m_hHalconID, ui.label_status); //获取图像大小GetImageSize(m_hCurrentImg, &m_imgWidth, &m_imgHeight); //获取缩放系数TupleMin2(1.0 * ui.label->width() / m_imgWidth, 1.0 * ui.label->height() / m_imgHeight, &m_hvScaledRate); //缩放图像ZoomImageFactor(m_hCurrentImg, &m_hResizedImg, m_hvScaledRate, m_hvScaledRate, "constant"); //获取缩放后的大小GetImageSize(m_hResizedImg, &m_scaledWidth, &m_scaledHeight); //打开窗口if (1.0 * ui.label->width() / m_imgWidth < 1.0 * ui.label->height() / m_imgHeight){SetWindowExtents(m_hHalconID, ui.label->height() / 2.0 - m_scaledHeight / 2.0, 0, ui.label->width(), m_scaledHeight); }else{SetWindowExtents(m_hHalconID, 0, ui.label->width() / 2.0 - m_scaledWidth / 2.0, m_scaledWidth, ui.label->height()); }SetPart(m_hHalconID, 0, 0, m_imgHeight - 1, m_imgWidth - 1); AttachBackgroundToWindow(m_hCurrentImg, m_hHalconID); }//打开图片void BrowsePic::on_btn_openPic_clicked(){QString path = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, "加载图像", "./", "图像文件(*.bmp *.png *.jpg)"); QFileInfo fileInfo(path); QString dir = fileInfo.path(); if (!path.isEmpty()){ListFiles(dir.toStdString().c_str(), "files", &m_imgFiles); TupleRegexpSelect(m_imgFiles, HTuple("\\.bmp|png|jpg").Append("ignore_case"), &m_imgFiles); for (int i = 0; i < m_imgFiles.Length(); i++){QString currentPath = m_imgFiles[i]; currentPath.replace("\\", "/"); if (currentPath == path){currentIndex = i; ReadImage(&m_hCurrentImg, m_imgFiles[i]); showImg(); }}}}//浏览前一张void BrowsePic::on_btn_prePic_clicked(){if (currentIndex > 0){currentIndex--; ReadImage(&m_hCurrentImg, m_imgFiles[currentIndex]); showImg(); }}//浏览后一张void BrowsePic::on_btn_nextPic_clicked(){if (currentIndex >= 0 && currentIndex < m_imgFiles.Length() - 1){currentIndex++; ReadImage(&m_hCurrentImg, m_imgFiles[currentIndex]); showImg(); }}//恢复图片void BrowsePic::on_btn_resetPic_clicked(){showImg(); }

关键代码解释 Qt函数与Halcon算子获取的文件路径字符串的区别
Halcon算子获取的文件路径格式
list_files()的原型如下:
VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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第一个参数为路径,提取的文件路径格式与参数Directory的形式有关,在HDevelop中测试:
–Directory以"\\"分隔时,即list_files ('E:\\TEST', 'files', Files)
VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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【VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片】–Directory以“/”分隔时,即list_files ('E:/TEST', 'files', Files)
VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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可以发现两种方式提取的文件路径字符串的区别。
Qt函数获取的文件路径格式
getOpenFileName()获得的路径:
VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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如何将二者路径保持一致?
先读取halcon算子获取的路径:
QString currentPath = m_imgFiles[i];

VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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然后将" \ "全部换成" /":
currentPath.replace("\\", "/");

VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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2??在VS中使用Halcon时的编码及中文乱码问题
默认条件下,可使用以下C++语句获取Halcon的文件名编码:
HTuple codeType; get_system("filename_encoding", &codeType); QString strCodeType = codeType[0].S();

VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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可以发现默认的编码是locale,此时用Halcon算子list_files获取的文件路径中如果包含中文,则会出现乱码
VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
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解决方法:将Halcon的文件名编码格式设置为utf8,代码如下:
set_system("filename_encoding", "utf8");

VS+Qt+Halcon|VS+Qt+Halcon 显示图片,实现鼠标缩放、移动图片
文章图片

参考链接: (4条消息) VS+Qt应用开发-使用Halcon算子实现从文件夹打开图片、前后浏览、缩放居中显示_羽士的博客-CSDN博客
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