MacBook|MacBook M1 Flutter环境搭建的实现步骤 MacBookM1Flutter环境搭建的实现步

一、基础环境搭建

git：
Flutter SDK：
CocoaPods：

二、安装IDE

IDEA：
Xcode：
AndroidStudio：

三、跑一个app试试

最近入手了Apple M1，MacBook Air，由于之前未使用苹果系列产品，并且Flutter官方和各项配套的软件环境也还没有成熟，导致搭建环境时碰到了不少坑，这里总结记录一波，来看文档的同学，有不懂的地方直接发评论或者消息就好

一、基础环境搭建 【MacBook|MacBook M1 Flutter环境搭建的实现步骤】
git：
我是装完homebrew，git就装好了，homebrew的安装方法按照这个来的：

/bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"

但是后面发现这个安装方法会有一些问题，不过不影响我们使用Flutter，不放心的同学可以去找其他方法安装git

Flutter SDK：
国内的网络环境下，先配置两个环境变量，最好是~/.zshrc和~/.bash_profile两个文件都配上，配完source一下

export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cnexport FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn

下载安装直接按照官方文档来：https://flutter.cn/docs/get-started/install/macos
执行命令 flutter precache 或者 flutter doctor时会报错，因为没有在命令行执行安装rosetta的命令，详细的错误信息可以去下面的github地址查看
还少了一步操作，我第一天的晚上就卡在这儿了，最后去github提了issue，得到了一位老哥的提点
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/74511#issue-792217747
终端执行命令

/usr/sbin/softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license

随后再执行flutter命令正常，继续按着官方的安装文档走，环境变量一定要配，不然以后在终端无法直接使用flutter命令

CocoaPods：
Flutter官方文档给出的安装方式是命令行运行命令

sudo gem install cocoapods

但是这样后期跑带插件的ios应用，需要用到Cocoapods时就会报错

### Error LoadError - dlsym(0x7ff8aa0382f0, Init_ffi_c): symbol not found - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.13.1/lib/ffi_c.bundle/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.13.1/lib/ffi.rb:6:in `rescue in '/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.13.1/lib/ffi.rb:3:in `'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ethon-0.12.0/lib/ethon.rb:2:in `'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/typhoeus-1.4.0/lib/typhoeus.rb:2:in `'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/sources_manager.rb:74:in `cdn_url?'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/sources_manager.rb:36:in `create_source_with_url'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/sources_manager.rb:21:in `find_or_create_source_with_url'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:178:in `block in sources'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:177:in `map'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:177:in `sources'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:1073:in `block in resolve_dependencies'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/user_interface.rb:64:in `section'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:1072:in `resolve_dependencies'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer/analyzer.rb:124:in `analyze'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:414:in `analyze'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:239:in `block in resolve_dependencies'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/user_interface.rb:64:in `section'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:238:in `resolve_dependencies'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/installer.rb:160:in `install!'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/command/install.rb:52:in `run'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/claide-1.0.3/lib/claide/command.rb:334:in `run'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/lib/cocoapods/command.rb:52:in `run'/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/cocoapods-1.10.0/bin/pod:55:in `'/usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `load'/usr/local/bin/pod:23:in `
'――― TEMPLATE END ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――[!] Oh no, an error occurred.Search for existing GitHub issues similar to yours:https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/search?q=dlsym%280x7ff8aa0382f0%2C+Init_ffi_c%29%3A+symbol+not+found+-+%2FLibrary%2FRuby%2FGems%2F2.6.0%2Fgems%2Fffi-1.13.1%2Flib%2Fffi_c.bundle&type=IssuesIf none exists, create a ticket, with the template displayed above, on:https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/issues/newBe sure to first read the contributing guide for details on how to properly submit a ticket:https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.mdDon't forget to anonymize any private data! Looking for related issues on cocoapods/cocoapods...Found no similar issues. To create a new issue, please visit:https://github.com/cocoapods/cocoapods/issues/new

需要使用 Rosetta 方式运行终端执行命令才行
打开访达 -> 应用程序 -> 实用工具 -> 终端 -> 右键 -> 显示简介 -> 选中使用 Rosetta 打开
然后重新启动终端，执行

sudo gem install cocoapodssudo gem install ffi

二、安装IDE 我安装了IDEA，Xcode和AndroidStudio

IDEA：
个人习惯使用IDEA做开发，社区版即可，而且已经对M1版本做了适配（题外话，mac体验果然好，打开IDEA的速度简直起飞）
下载地址：https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/download/
安装这里说个笑话，因为没用过mac，安装都不会，后面才知道安装是点击安装文件之后在出现的界面里把程序拖到Applications里
使用IDEA开发Flutter需要安装Dart和Flutter插件

Xcode：
ios开发必备（即使你不用ta来写代码），我安装只是让ta用来配置各项环境，省心（工具界的工具人？），装完一定记得要运行一次
官方下载地址：appstore搜索安装即可，比较大，时间会长一点
安装完之后运行命令，做IOS开发的相关设置

sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developersudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunchsudo xcodebuild -license

AndroidStudio：
官方下载地址：https://redirector.gvt1.com/edgedl/android/studio/install/4.1.2.0/android-studio-ide-201.7042882-mac.dmg
装这个只是为了让他把安卓的环境都准备好（又一个工具界的工具人），跟着安装步骤一直点就好了，不过M1芯片的现在还没法直接用AS附带的安卓模拟器，真机调试把，windows下用过AS的老哥应该都很熟了
使用AS开发Flutter需要安装Dart和Flutter插件

三、跑一个app试试按照官方文档来就行，随便用一个第三方依赖包，可以检测出CocoaPods是否正常安装
这个是我之前自己在windows上写的一个小应用，只用了 shared_preferences这个包