实验内容及拓扑图如下：

文章图片

先进行子网划分如下：

192.168.1.0/24总地址
192.168.1.0 0000000/25——192.68.1.0/25 左区域
192.168.1.0 00 00000/27——192.168.1.0/27骨干区域网段
192.168.1.0 01 00000/27——192.168.1.32/27 AR1环回
192.168.1.0 10 00000/27——192.168.1.64/27 AR2环回
192.168.1.011 00000/27——192.168.1.96/27 AR3环回
192.168.1.1 0000000/25——192.168.1.128/25 右区域
192.168.1.1 0 000000/26——192.168.1.128/26骨干区域网段
192.168.1.1 1 000000/26——备用

文章图片


配置网关及环回地址 配置AR1 接口IP，环回地址

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 27//0/0/0IP地址 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q[r1]interface loopback 0 [r1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 27//环回地址 [r1-LoopBack0]q[r1]display ip interface briefInterfaceIP Address/MaskPhysicalProtocol GigabitEthernet0/0/0192.168.1.1/27upup GigabitEthernet0/0/1unassigneddowndown GigabitEthernet0/0/2unassigneddowndown LoopBack0192.168.1.33/27upup(s) NULL0unassignedupup(s)

配置AR2 接口IP地址，环回地址

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 27 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q[r2]interface loopback 0 [r2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 27 [r2-LoopBack0]q[r2]display ip interface briefInterfaceIP Address/MaskPhysicalProtocol GigabitEthernet0/0/0192.168.1.2/27upup GigabitEthernet0/0/1unassigneddowndown GigabitEthernet0/0/2unassigneddowndown LoopBack0192.168.1.65/27upup(s) NULL0unassignedupup(s)

配置AR3 接口IP地址，环回地址

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.3 27 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.129 26 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q[r3]interface loopback 0 [r3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 27 [r3-LoopBack0]q[r3]display ip interface briefInterfaceIP Address/MaskPhysicalProtocol GigabitEthernet0/0/0192.168.1.3/27upup GigabitEthernet0/0/1192.168.1.129/26upup GigabitEthernet0/0/2unassigneddowndown LoopBack0192.168.1.97/27upup(s) NULL0unassignedupup(s)

配置AR4 接口IP地址，环回地址

[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.130 26 [r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q[r4]interface loopback 0 [r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24 [r4-LoopBack0]q[r4]display ip interface briefInterfaceIP Address/MaskPhysicalProtocol GigabitEthernet0/0/0192.168.1.130/26upup GigabitEthernet0/0/1unassigneddowndown GigabitEthernet0/0/2unassigneddowndown LoopBack04.4.4.4/24upup(s) NULL0unassignedupup(s)

配置AR4的缺省路由 实现AR4环回不宣告也能ping通

[r4]ospf [r4-ospf-1]default-r [r4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always

将AR1和AR2的优先级设置为0 目的：不参加选举，让AR3作为DR
AR1

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

AR2

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

启动OSPF——配置RID启动ospf、创建区域、宣告 AR1

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.1.33 [r1-ospf-1]area 0 [r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 [r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.33 0.0.0.0

AR2

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.1.65 [r2-ospf-1]area 0 [r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 [r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.65 0.0.0.0

AR3

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.1.97 [r3-ospf-1]area 0 [r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.3 0.0.0.0 [r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.97 0.0.0.0[r3-ospf-1]area 1 [r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0

AR4

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4 [r4-ospf-1]area 1 [r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.130 0.0.0.0

设置手工认证 两边的keyid必须一样
AR1

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

AR2

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

AR3

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

AR4

[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

手工汇总 实现减少路由条目
将area0的环回192.168.1.32/27，192.168.1.64/27，192.168.1.95/27
汇总为192.168.1.0/24

[r3]ospf [r3-ospf-1]area 0 [r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0

配置空接口

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 25 NULL 0 [r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 NULL 0

测试

[r1]ping 192.168.1.130 PING 192.168.1.130: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=40 ms Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms--- 192.168.1.130 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/60 ms[r1]ping 4.4.4.4 PING 4.4.4.4: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=40 ms--- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics --- 4 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/52/60 ms[r1]ping 192.168.1.65 PING 192.168.1.65: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=60 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=60 ms--- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/56/60 ms

[r2]ping 192.168.1.130 PING 192.168.1.130: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms--- 192.168.1.130 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/50/50 ms[r2]ping 192.168.1.97 PING 192.168.1.97: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=80 ms Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms--- 192.168.1.97 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/56/80 ms[r2]ping 4.4.4.4 PING 4.4.4.4: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms--- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 30/40/50 ms[r2]ping 192.168.1.33 PING 192.168.1.33: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=70 ms Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms--- 192.168.1.33 ping statistics --- 4 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/52/70 m

[r3]ping 192.168.1.1 PING 192.168.1.1: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/50 ms[r3]ping 4.4.4.4 PING 4.4.4.4: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms--- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 20/23/30 ms[r3]ping 192.168.1.130 PING 192.168.1.130: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms--- 192.168.1.130 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 20/20/20 ms[r3]ping 192.168.1.65 PING 192.168.1.65: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=70 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms--- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/53/70 ms

[r4]ping 192.168.1.1 PING 192.168.1.1: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/50/60 ms[r4]ping 192.168.1.65 PING 192.168.1.65: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms--- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics --- 4 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/55/60 ms[r4]ping 192.168.1.3 PING 192.168.1.3: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms--- 192.168.1.3 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 20/23/30 ms[r4]ping 192.168.1.33 PING 192.168.1.33: 56data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms--- 192.168.1.33 ping statistics --- 3 packet(s) transmitted 3 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/56/60 ms

【网络|动态路由之OSPF协议综合实验】

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