Python|Python GUI之tkinter详解 PythonGUI之tkinter详解

展示

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import tkinter if __name__ == '__main__':win = tkinter.Tk()#设置标题win.title("我的世界")#设置宽和高win.geometry('800x600')#创建画布，设置背景色，高，宽canvas = tkinter.Canvas(win,bg='#EBEBEB',width=800,height=1200,xscrollincrement = 1,yscrollincrement = 1)x0,y0 = 100,100# 创建一个圆,填充红色，轮廓白色oval = canvas.create_oval(x0-5,y0-5,x0+5,y0+5,fill='#ff0000',outline="#000000",tags="node")canvas.create_text(x0,y0-10,text='('+str(x0) +','+str(y0)+')',fill='black',tags="text")p1 = (x0,y0)x0, y0 = 120,170oval = canvas.create_oval(x0 - 5, y0 - 5, x0 + 5, y0 + 5, fill='#ff0000', outline="#000000", tags="node")canvas.create_text(x0, y0 - 10, text='(' + str(x0) + ',' + str(y0) + ')', fill='black',tags="text")p2 = (x0, y0)#连线canvas.create_line(p1, p2, fill='#000000', tags="line")canvas.pack(expand = tkinter.YES, fill = tkinter.BOTH)#删除tags = "text"# canvas.delete("text")win.mainloop()

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from tkinter import *import randomif __name__ == '__main__':win = Tk()#设置标题win.title("我的世界")#设置宽和高win.geometry('800x600')frame = Frame(win)#创建画布，设置背景色，高，宽canvas = Canvas(frame,bg='#EBEBEB',width=800,height=800,scrollregion=(0,0,2000,1200))pos = [[565.0,575.0],[25.0,185.0],[345.0,750.0],[945.0,685.0],[845.0,655.0],[880.0,660.0],[25.0,230.0],[525.0,1000.0],[580.0,1175.0],[650.0,1130.0],[1605.0,620.0],[1220.0,580.0],[1465.0,200.0],[1530.0,5.0],[845.0,680.0],[725.0,370.0],[145.0,665.0],[415.0,635.0],[510.0,875.0],[560.0,365.0],[300.0,465.0],[520.0,585.0],[480.0,415.0],[835.0,625.0],[975.0,580.0],[1215.0,245.0],[1320.0,315.0],[1250.0,400.0],[660.0,180.0],[410.0,250.0],[420.0,555.0],[575.0,665.0],[1150.0,1160.0],[700.0,580.0],[685.0,595.0],[685.0,610.0],[770.0,610.0],[795.0,645.0],[720.0,635.0],[760.0,650.0],[475.0,960.0],[95.0,260.0],[875.0,920.0],[700.0,500.0],[555.0,815.0],[830.0,485.0],[1170.0, 65.0],[830.0,610.0],[605.0,625.0],[595.0,360.0],[1340.0,725.0],[1740.0,245.0]]for x,y in pos:canvas.create_oval(x - 5, y - 5, x + 5, y + 5, fill='#ff0000', outline="#000000", tags="node")canvas.create_text(x, y - 10, text='(' + str(x) + ',' + str(y) + ')', fill='black', tags="text")length = len(pos)path = [x for x in range(length)]random.shuffle(path)for i in range(length-1):canvas.create_line(pos[i], pos[i+1], fill='#000000', tags="line")hbar = Scrollbar(frame,orient=HORIZONTAL)# 定义水平滚动条hbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)# 放置水平滚动条在最下侧,占满X轴hbar.config(command=canvas.xview)# 设置水平滚动条的函数与画布的X轴滚动条事件绑定vbar = Scrollbar(frame,orient=VERTICAL)# 定义垂直滚动条vbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)# 放置垂直滚动条在最右侧,占满Y轴vbar.config(command=canvas.yview)# 设置垂直滚动条的函数与画布的Y轴滚动条事件绑定canvas.config(xscrollcommand=hbar.set, yscrollcommand=vbar.set) # 设置画布的X,Y轴滚动条函数与垂直滚动条绑定canvas.pack(expand=True, fill=BOTH)frame.pack(expand=True, fill=BOTH)#删除tags = "text"# canvas.delete("text")win.mainloop()

多线程

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import timefrom tkinter import *import randomimport threadingpos = [[565.0,575.0],[25.0,185.0],[345.0,750.0],[945.0,685.0],[845.0,655.0],[880.0,660.0],[25.0,230.0],[525.0,1000.0],[580.0,1175.0],[650.0,1130.0],[1605.0,620.0],[1220.0,580.0],[1465.0,200.0],[1530.0,5.0],[845.0,680.0],[725.0,370.0],[145.0,665.0],[415.0,635.0],[510.0,875.0],[560.0,365.0],[300.0,465.0],[520.0,585.0],[480.0,415.0],[835.0,625.0],[975.0,580.0],[1215.0,245.0],[1320.0,315.0],[1250.0,400.0],[660.0,180.0],[410.0,250.0],[420.0,555.0],[575.0,665.0],[1150.0,1160.0],[700.0,580.0],[685.0,595.0],[685.0,610.0],[770.0,610.0],[795.0,645.0],[720.0,635.0],[760.0,650.0],[475.0,960.0],[95.0,260.0],[875.0,920.0],[700.0,500.0],[555.0,815.0],[830.0,485.0],[1170.0, 65.0],[830.0,610.0],[605.0,625.0],[595.0,360.0],[1340.0,725.0],[1740.0,245.0]] win = Tk() #设置标题win.title("我的世界") #设置宽和高win.geometry('800x600')frame = Frame(win) #创建画布，设置背景色，高，宽canvas = Canvas(frame,bg='#EBEBEB',width=800,height=800,scrollregion=(0,0,2000,1200)) for x,y in pos:canvas.create_oval(x - 5, y - 5, x + 5, y + 5, fill='#ff0000', outline="#000000", tags="node")canvas.create_text(x, y - 10, text='(' + str(x) + ',' + str(y) + ')', fill='black', tags="text") hbar = Scrollbar(frame,orient=HORIZONTAL)# 定义水平滚动条hbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)# 放置水平滚动条在最下侧,占满X轴hbar.config(command=canvas.xview)# 设置水平滚动条的函数与画布的X轴滚动条事件绑定vbar = Scrollbar(frame,orient=VERTICAL)# 定义垂直滚动条vbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)# 放置垂直滚动条在最右侧,占满Y轴vbar.config(command=canvas.yview)# 设置垂直滚动条的函数与画布的Y轴滚动条事件绑定 canvas.config(xscrollcommand=hbar.set, yscrollcommand=vbar.set) # 设置画布的X,Y轴滚动条函数与垂直滚动条绑定canvas.pack(expand=True, fill=BOTH)frame.pack(expand=True, fill=BOTH)def run():length = len(pos)path = [x for x in range(length)]random.shuffle(path)time.sleep(1)for i in range(length - 1):canvas.create_line(pos[i], pos[i + 1], fill='#000000', tags="line", arrow=LAST, width=1)time.sleep(1)if __name__ == '__main__':#删除tags = "text"# canvas.delete("text")t = threading.Thread(target=run)t.start()win.mainloop()

暂定版本
个人知识还是不够，里面还有很多小bug，容我再思考思考

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import timefrom tkinter import *import randomimport sysimport threadingclass TSP(object):def __init__(self,root,cities:list[list]):self.__root = rootself.__root.geometry('800x600')self.__root.title("TSP蚁群算法(n:初始化 e:开始搜索 s:停止搜索 c:继续搜索 q:退出程序)")self.__frame = Frame(root)self.__canvas = Canvas(self.__frame,bg='#EBEBEB',width=800,height=800,scrollregion=(0,0,2000,1200))hbar = Scrollbar(self.__frame, orient=HORIZONTAL)# 定义水平滚动条hbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)# 放置水平滚动条在最下侧,占满X轴hbar.config(command=self.__canvas.xview)# 设置水平滚动条的函数与画布的X轴滚动条事件绑定vbar = Scrollbar(self.__frame, orient=VERTICAL)# 定义垂直滚动条vbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)# 放置垂直滚动条在最右侧,占满Y轴vbar.config(command=self.__canvas.yview)# 设置垂直滚动条的函数与画布的Y轴滚动条事件绑定self.__canvas.config(xscrollcommand=hbar.set, yscrollcommand=vbar.set)# 设置画布的X,Y轴滚动条函数与垂直滚动条绑定self.__canvas.pack(expand=True, fill=BOTH)self.__frame.pack(expand=True, fill=BOTH)self.setCity(cities)self.__lock = threading.RLock()# 线程锁self.__bindEvents()self.__new()def setCity(self,cities:list[list]):self.__cities = citiesdef sefPathsAndValues(self,paths:[list],values:list):self.__paths = pathsself.__values = values# 按键响应程序def __bindEvents(self):self.__root.bind("q", self.__quite)# 退出程序self.__root.bind("n", self.__new)# 初始化self.__root.bind("e", self.__search_path)# 开始搜索self.__root.bind("s", self.__stop)# 停止搜索self.__root.bind("c", self.__continue)# 继续搜索#初始化def __new(self,event=None):self.__lock.acquire()#上锁self.__running = False#标志位self.__lock.release()#释放锁for x, y in self.__cities:self.__canvas.create_oval(x - 5, y - 5, x + 5, y + 5, fill='#ff0000', outline="#000000", tags="node")self.__canvas.create_text(x, y - 10, text='(' + str(x) + ',' + str(y) + ')', fill='black', tags="text")def __quite(self,event=None):self.__lock.acquire()# 上锁self.__running = False# 标志位self.__lock.release()# 释放锁self.__root.destroy()print(u"\n程序已退出...")sys.exit()# 停止搜索def __stop(self,event=None):self.__lock.acquire()# 上锁self.__running = False# 标志位self.__lock.release()# 释放锁def __line(self,path:list):self.__canvas.delete("line")i = 0while self.__running:if i == len(self.__cities) -1:breakp1, p2 = self.__cities[path[i]], self.__cities[path[i + 1]]self.__canvas.create_line(p1, p2, fill='#000000', tags="line",arrow=LAST, width=1)self.__canvas.update()self.__canvas.after(500)i = i+1# 开始搜索def __search_path(self,event=None):self.__lock.acquire()# 上锁self.__running = True# 标志位self.__lock.release()# 释放锁while self.__running:x = random.randint(10,100)label = Label(self.__canvas,text="最佳路径总距离:"+str(x)).place(x=10,y=30)self.__canvas.update()path = [x for x in range(len(self.__cities))]random.shuffle(path)self.__line(path)def __continue(self,event=None):self.__lock.acquire()# 上锁self.__running = True# 标志位self.__lock.release()# 释放锁def mainloop(self):self.__root.mainloop()if __name__ == '__main__':tsp = TSP(Tk(),cities)tsp.mainloop()

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