JAVA String a = ＂abc＂ 中发生了什么
和上次int a = 1 后续
测试代码
javac TestCode.java
public class TestCode {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 此处写aaaa是便于看字节码
String aaaa = "bbbb";
aaaa = "cccc";
}
}反编译 javap -v -p -l TestCode(l是小写的L)
注解：javap是jdk自带的反解析工具。作用是根据class字节码文件，反解析出当前类对应的code区(汇编指令)、本地变量表、异常表和代码行偏移量映射表、常量池等等信息。
Classfile xxxxx/com/code/baseCode/TestCode.class
Last modified 2021-11-22;
size 475 bytes
MD5 checksum 0a108c035194f620555926cf7d113c8b
Compiled from "TestCode.java"
public class com.code.baseCode.TestCode
minor version: 0
major version: 52
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
#1 = Methodref#5.#21// java/lang/Object."":()V
#2 = String#22// bbbb
#3 = String#23// cccc
#4 = Class#24// com/code/baseCode/TestCode
#5 = Class#25// java/lang/Object
#6 = Utf8
#7 = Utf8()V
#8 = Utf8Code
#9 = Utf8LineNumberTable
#10 = Utf8LocalVariableTable
#11 = Utf8this
#12 = Utf8Lcom/code/baseCode/TestCode;
#13 = Utf8main
#14 = Utf8([Ljava/lang/String;
)V
#15 = Utf8args
#16 = Utf8[Ljava/lang/String;
#17 = Utf8aaaa
#18 = Utf8Ljava/lang/String;
#19 = Utf8SourceFile
#20 = Utf8TestCode.java
#21 = NameAndType#6:#7// "":()V
#22 = Utf8bbbb
#23 = Utf8cccc
#24 = Utf8com/code/baseCode/TestCode
#25 = Utf8java/lang/Object
{
public com.code.baseCode.TestCode();
descriptor: ()V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1// Method java/lang/Object."":()V
4: return
LineNumberTable:
line 8: 0
LocalVariableTable:
StartLengthSlotNameSignature
050thisLcom/code/baseCode/TestCode;
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;
)V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=2, args_size=1
0: ldc#2// String bbbb
2: astore_1
3: ldc#3// String cccc
5: astore_1
6: return
LineNumberTable:
line 11: 0
line 12: 3
line 55: 6
LocalVariableTable:
StartLengthSlotNameSignature
070args[Ljava/lang/String;
341aaaaLjava/lang/String;
}
SourceFile: "TestCode.java" 反编译后，会发现aaaa存在于Constant pool（常量池）和LocalVariableTable（本地变量表）中
同时发现和int a = 1的区别在于字符串“bbbb”和“cccc”也会在常量池中
JVM中常量池的划分，请看上篇文章
图片解释 java1.8的内存布局
文章图片
在编译后内存情况
文章图片
运行时发生情况
如何查看Java bytecode指令？
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
http://gityuan.com/2015/10/24...
其中java byte code为
0: ldc#2// String bbbb
2: astore_1
3: ldc#3// String cccc
5: astore_1ldc：push a constant #index from a constant pool (String, int, float, Class, java.lang.invoke.MethodType, java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle, or a dynamically-computed constant) onto the stack
意思就是：int、float或String型等常量从常量池推送至栈顶
astore_1：store a reference into local variable 1
意思就是将：一个引用放入到局部变量1中(也就是aaaa中)
ldc #2
文章图片
astore_1
文章图片
ldc #3
文章图片
astore_1
文章图片
图片解释：用new String()创建 将代码改成如下：
public class TestCode {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String aaaa = new String("bbbb");
aaaa = new String("cccc");
}
}则会发现常量池多了一些东西，并且执行指令多了。
其中执行指令如下
0: new#2// class java/lang/String
3: dup
4: ldc#3// String bbbb
6: invokespecial #4// Method java/lang/String."":(Ljava/lang/String;
)V
9: astore_1
10: new#2// class java/lang/String
13: dup
14: ldc#5// String cccc
16: invokespecial #4// Method java/lang/String."":(Ljava/lang/String;
)V
19: astore_1 new：创建类实例
dup：复制数值，并压入栈顶
ldc：从常量池推送至栈顶
【JAVA String a = "abc" 中发生了什么】invokespecial：调用特殊实例方法（包括实例初始化方法、父类方法）
astore_1：一个引用放入到局部变量1中(也就是aaaa中)
常量池如下
Constant pool:
#1 = Methodref#7.#23// java/lang/Object."":()V
#2 = Class#24// java/lang/String
#3 = String#25// bbbb
#4 = Methodref#2.#26// java/lang/String."":(Ljava/lang/String;
)V
#5 = String#27// cccc
#6 = Class#28// com/code/baseCode/TestCode
#7 = Class#29// java/lang/Object
#8 = Utf8
#9 = Utf8()V
#10 = Utf8Code
#11 = Utf8LineNumberTable
#12 = Utf8LocalVariableTable
#13 = Utf8this
#14 = Utf8Lcom/code/baseCode/TestCode;
#15 = Utf8main
#16 = Utf8([Ljava/lang/String;
)V
#17 = Utf8args
#18 = Utf8[Ljava/lang/String;
#19 = Utf8aaaa
#20 = Utf8Ljava/lang/String;
#21 = Utf8SourceFile
#22 = Utf8TestCode.java
#23 = NameAndType#8:#9// "":()V
#24 = Utf8java/lang/String
#25 = Utf8bbbb
#26 = NameAndType#8:#30// "":(Ljava/lang/String;
)V
#27 = Utf8cccc
#28 = Utf8com/code/baseCode/TestCode
#29 = Utf8java/lang/Object
#30 = Utf8(Ljava/lang/String;
)V new #2
文章图片
dup
文章图片
ldc #3
文章图片
invokespecial #4
文章图片
astore_1
文章图片
后续的操作一样，因此会出现
String a = new String("bbbb");
String b = new String("bbbb");
System.out.println(a == b);
// false面试题 做下面的题是，需要知道几个知识点
1.编辑时，编译器会对确切的值进行优化：
比如String a = "a" + "b"; -> 比如String a = "ab";
final String a = "a"; String b = "a" + a; -> String b = "aa";
2.字符串变量相加会创建StringBuilder调用append方法，然后StringBuilder转换成new String
3.intern：Java查找常量池中是否有相同Unicode的字符串常量，如果有，则返回其的引用，如果没有，则在常量池中增加一个Unicode等于str的字符串并返回它的引用。
String s11 = "a";
String s22 = "bc";
String s1 = "abc";
String s2 = "a" + "bc";
String s3 = new String("a") + "bc";
String s4 = new String("a") + new String("bc");
String s5 = new String("abc");
String s6 = s11 + s22;
System.out.println(s1 == s2);
System.out.println(s1 == s3);
System.out.println(s1 == s4);
System.out.println(s1 == s5);
System.out.println(s1 == s6);
System.out.println(s3 == s4);
System.out.println(s4 == s5);
System.out.println(s1 == s5.intern());
System.out.println(s1 == s6.intern());
System.out.println(s1.equals(s5));
System.out.println(s1.equals(s6));
答案解释：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/...
结尾 之前出了int类型的情况，上述是String类型的情况，后续出包装类型的情况
推荐阅读
- JAVA（抽象类与接口的区别&重载与重写&内存泄漏）
- 事件代理
- Java|Java OpenCV图像处理之SIFT角点检测详解
- java中如何实现重建二叉树
- 数组常用方法一
- 【Hadoop踩雷】Mac下安装Hadoop3以及Java版本问题
- Java|Java基础——数组
- RxJava|RxJava 在Android项目中的使用（一）
- java之static、static|java之static、static final、final的区别与应用
- Java基础-高级特性-枚举实现状态机