破折号的意思有哪些作用?破折号的意思有几种( 二 )


(2)对内容进行强调
写作中

破折号的意思有哪些作用?破折号的意思有几种

文章插图
Britain’s fisherfolk fret about being sold down the river—yet again
又比如:
Many employees—mostly recent graduates with student loans—must ride the bus to work.
写作中我们可以使用圆括号(parentheses)来对句子内容进行强调,比如:
Upon discovering the errors (all 124 of them), the publisher immediately recalled the books.
如果我们需要进一步强调内容,可以改用破折号,因为破折号更明显,给人的感觉更直观,例如:
Upon discovering the errors?—all 124 of them?—the publisher immediately recalled the books.
这样更加突出"all 124 of them"这一信息 。
(3)归纳概括
Male and female, old and young, short and tall—people of all shapes and sizes can participate in activities at the community center.
这里破折号后面people of all shapes and sizes对前面列举的几个人物特点进行总结 。又比如:
Reliability, trustworthiness, diligence—this company only hires employees with all of these traits.
(4)代替逗号以及冒号
当英文中出现并列成分时我们会用逗号将并列成分分开,但有时候只用逗号可能会使版面不美观,比如:
My cousins, Oliver, Harry, and Lyra, cannot attend my birthday party.
The teacher wrote the titles of the books, The Golden Compass, The Subtle Knife, and The Amber Spyglass, on the board.
在这种情况下可以使用破折号来代替,比如上面句子可以改为:
My cousins—Oliver, Harry, and Lyra—cannot attend my birthday party.
The teacher wrote the titles of the books—The Golden Compass, The Subtle Knife, and The Amber Spyglass—on the board.
破折号在一些情况下也可以代替冒号用于强调,比如:
After months of deliberation, the jurors reached a unanimous verdict?: guilty.
After months of deliberation, the jurors reached a unanimous verdict?—guilty.
英文破折号除了上面这几个用法之外,还可以在文学作品中表示语气的中断或转折,以及字句的省略等等,各位同学在日常阅读中可以多加留意体会 。
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