代码解说Android ScrollerVelocityTracker _velocity

知识为进步之母,而进步又为富强之源泉。这篇文章主要讲述代码解说Android ScrollerVelocityTracker相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
在编写自己定义滑动控件时经常会用到android触摸机制和Scroller及VelocityTracker。Android Touch系统简单介绍（二）:实例具体解释onInterceptTouchEvent与onTouchEvent的调用过程对Android触摸机制须要用到的函数进行了具体的解释。本文主要介绍两个重要的类：Scroller及VelocityTracker。利用上述知识，最后给出了一个自己定义滑动控件的demo，该demo类似于ImageGallery。
ImageGallery通常是用GridView来实现的，能够左右滑动。本样例实现的控件直接继承一个ViewGroup，对其回调函数如 onTouchEvent、onInterceptTouchEvent、computeScroll等进行重载。弄懂该代码。对Android touch的认识将会更深一层。
VelocityTracker:用于对触摸点的速度跟踪，方便获取触摸点的速度。
使用方法：一般在onTouchEvent事件中被调用。先在down事件中获取一个VecolityTracker对象，然后在move或up事件中获取速度，调用流程可例如以下列所看到的：

VelocityTracker vTracker = null； @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){ int action = event.getAction(); switch(action){ case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: if(vTracker == null){ vTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain(); }else{ vTracker.clear(); } vTracker.addMovement(event); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: vTracker.addMovement(event); //设置单位，1000 表示每秒多少像素（pix/second),1代表每微秒多少像素（pix/millisecond)。 vTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(1000); //从左向右划返回正数，从右向左划返回负数 System.out.println("the x velocity is "+vTracker.getXVelocity()); //从上往下划返回正数，从下往上划返回负数 System.out.println("the y velocity is "+vTracker.getYVelocity()); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL: vTracker.recycle(); break; } return true; }

Scroller：用于跟踪控件滑动的轨迹。此类不会移动控件，须要你在View的一个回调函数computerScroll()中使用Scroller对象还获取滑动的数据来控制某个View。

/** * Called by a parent to request that a child update its values for mScrollX * and mScrollY if necessary. This will typically be done if the child is * animating a scroll using a {@link android.widget.Scroller Scroller} * object. */ public void computeScroll() { }

parentView在绘制式。会调用dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas)，该函数会调用ViewGroup中的每一个子view的boolean draw(Canvas canvas, ViewGroup parent, long drawingTime)，用户绘制View，此函数在绘制View的过程中会调用computeScroll（）
以下给出一段代码：

@Override public void computeScroll() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.e(TAG, "computeScroll"); if (mScroller.computeScrollOffset()) { //or !mScroller.isFinished() Log.e(TAG, mScroller.getCurrX() + "======" + mScroller.getCurrY()); scrollTo(mScroller.getCurrX(), mScroller.getCurrY()); Log.e(TAG, "### getleft is " + getLeft() + " ### getRight is " + getRight()); postInvalidate(); } else Log.i(TAG, "have done the scoller -----"); }

这段代码在滑动view之前先调用mScroller.computeScrollOffset()来推断滑动动画是否已结束。computerScrollerOffset()的源码例如以下：

/** * Call this when you want to know the new location.If it returns true, * the animation is not yet finished. */ public boolean computeScrollOffset() { if (mFinished) { return false; } //滑动已经持续的时间 int timePassed = (int)(AnimationUtils.currentAnimationTimeMillis() - mStartTime); //若在规定时间还未用完，则继续设置新的滑动位置mCurrX和mCurry if (timePassed < mDuration) { switch (mMode) { case SCROLL_MODE: float x = timePassed * mDurationReciprocal; if (mInterpolator == null) x = viscousFluid(x); else x = mInterpolator.getInterpolation(x); mCurrX = mStartX + Math.round(x * mDeltaX); mCurrY = mStartY + Math.round(x * mDeltaY); break; case FLING_MODE: final float t = (float) timePassed / mDuration; final int index = (int) (NB_SAMPLES * t); float distanceCoef = 1.f; float velocityCoef = 0.f; if (index < NB_SAMPLES) { final float t_inf = (float) index / NB_SAMPLES; final float t_sup = (float) (index + 1) / NB_SAMPLES; final float d_inf = SPLINE_POSITION[index]; final float d_sup = SPLINE_POSITION[index + 1]; velocityCoef = (d_sup - d_inf) / (t_sup - t_inf); distanceCoef = d_inf + (t - t_inf) * velocityCoef; }mCurrVelocity = velocityCoef * mDistance / mDuration * 1000.0f; mCurrX = mStartX + Math.round(distanceCoef * (mFinalX - mStartX)); // Pin to mMinX < = mCurrX < = mMaxX mCurrX = Math.min(mCurrX, mMaxX); mCurrX = Math.max(mCurrX, mMinX); mCurrY = mStartY + Math.round(distanceCoef * (mFinalY - mStartY)); // Pin to mMinY < = mCurrY < = mMaxY mCurrY = Math.min(mCurrY, mMaxY); mCurrY = Math.max(mCurrY, mMinY); if (mCurrX == mFinalX & & mCurrY == mFinalY) { mFinished = true; }break; } } else { mCurrX = mFinalX; mCurrY = mFinalY; mFinished = true; } return true; }

ViewGroup.computeScroll()被调用时机：
当我们运行ontouch或invalidate(）或postInvalidate()都会导致这种方法的运行。
【代码解说Android ScrollerVelocityTracker】

我们在开发控件时。常会有这种需求：当单机某个button时。某个图片会在规定的时间内滑出窗体。而不是一下子进入窗体。实现这个功能能够使用Scroller来实现。
以下给出一段代码，该代码控制下一个界面在3秒时间内缓慢进入的效果。

public void moveToRightSide(){ if (curScreen < = 0) { return; } curScreen-- ; Log.i(TAG, "----moveToRightSide---- curScreen " + curScreen); mScroller.startScroll((curScreen + 1) * getWidth(), 0, -getWidth(), 0, 3000); scrollTo(curScreen * getWidth(), 0); invalidate(); }

上述代码用到了一个函数：void android.widget.Scroller.startScroll(int startX, int startY, int dx, int dy, int duration)
当startScroll运行过程中即在duration时间内，computeScrollOffset 方法会一直返回true，但当动画运行完毕后会返回返加false.
这个函数的源代码例如以下所看到的，主要用于设置滑动參数

/** * Start scrolling by providing a starting point, the distance to travel, * and the duration of the scroll. * * @param startX Starting horizontal scroll offset in pixels. Positive *numbers will scroll the content to the left. * @param startY Starting vertical scroll offset in pixels. Positive numbers *will scroll the content up. * @param dx Horizontal distance to travel. Positive numbers will scroll the *content to the left. * @param dy Vertical distance to travel. Positive numbers will scroll the *content up. * @param duration Duration of the scroll in milliseconds. */ public void startScroll(int startX, int startY, int dx, int dy, int duration) { mMode = SCROLL_MODE; mFinished = false; mDuration = duration; mStartTime = AnimationUtils.currentAnimationTimeMillis(); mStartX = startX; mStartY = startY; mFinalX = startX + dx; mFinalY = startY + dy; mDeltaX = dx; mDeltaY = dy; mDurationReciprocal = 1.0f / (float) mDuration; }

invalidate()会使得视图重绘，导致parent调用了dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas)，然后递归调用child View的draw()函数。该函数又会调用我们定义的computeScroll(), 而这个函数又会调用mScroller.computeScrollOffset()推断动画是否结束。若没结束则继续重绘直到直到startScroll中设置的时间耗尽mScroller.computeScrollOffset()返回false才停下来。

附上完整的实例代码：
自己定义Android可滑动控件源代码执行效果图例如以下，滑动屏幕会显示不同的图片。