关于“Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]”解决方案 _servletContext

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关于“Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]”解决方案
问题说明，我在web.xml文件中进行了如下配置

< servlet> < servlet-name> dispatcherServlet< /servlet-name> < servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet< /servlet-class> < init-param> < param-name> contextConfigLocation< /param-name> < param-value> classpath:spring.xml< /param-value> < /init-param> < load-on-startup> 10< /load-on-startup> < /servlet> < servlet-mapping> < servlet-name> dispatcherServlet< /servlet-name> < url-pattern> /*< /url-pattern> < /servlet-mapping>

但是报错

22-Jul-2017 19:22:49.829 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(3)-127.0.0.1] org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext Context initialization failed org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml] at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125) at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:612) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:513) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:444) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:326) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4853) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5314) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:753) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:729) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1696) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300) at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819) at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801) at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:484) at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:433) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300) at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819) at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801) at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1468) at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:76) at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1309) at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1401) at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:346) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:568) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:826) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:683) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:682) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml] at org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getInputStream(ServletContextResource.java:141) at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:330) ... 57 more

注意一下，其实重点就一句话，即Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]，异常也很明显，FileNotException，无法打开ServletContext的资源文件。
我们先从官方去寻找线索，看一看spring的官方文档，在The Web的章节中可以发现这样一段话：

文章图片

【关于“Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]”解决方案】如果不特意指定参数名为contextConfigLoction的< context-parameter> 元素，那么spring的ContextLoderListener监听器就会在/WEB-INF/下去寻找并加载该目录下的名为applicationContext.xml这个文件。
所以应该在web.xml 文件中进行指定

< !DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > < web-app> < display-name> Archetype Created Web Application< /display-name> < context-param> < param-name> contextConfigLocation< /param-name> < param-value> classpath:spring.xml< /param-value> < /context-param> < filter> < filter-name> characterEncodingFilter< /filter-name> < filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter< /filter-class> < init-param> < param-name> encoding< /param-name> < param-value> UTF-8< /param-value> < /init-param> < init-param> < param-name> forceEncoding< /param-name> < param-value> true< /param-value> < /init-param> < /filter> < !--解决表单put请求--> < filter> < filter-name> httpPutFormContentFilter< /filter-name> < filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter< /filter-class> < /filter> < filter-mapping> < filter-name> characterEncodingFilter< /filter-name> < servlet-name> dispatcherServlet< /servlet-name> < /filter-mapping> < filter-mapping> < filter-name> httpPutFormContentFilter< /filter-name> < servlet-name> dispatcherServlet< /servlet-name> < /filter-mapping> < listener> < listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener< /listener-class> < /listener> < servlet> < servlet-name> dispatcherServlet< /servlet-name> < servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet< /servlet-class> < init-param> < param-name> contextConfigLocation< /param-name> < param-value> classpath:spring.xml< /param-value> < /init-param> < load-on-startup> 10< /load-on-startup> < /servlet> < servlet-mapping> < servlet-name> dispatcherServlet< /servlet-name> < url-pattern> /*< /url-pattern> < /servlet-mapping> < /web-app>

修改过后运行正常