Python3利用Qt5实现简易的五子棋游戏

要写出一个五子棋游戏,我们最先要解决的,就是如何下子,如何判断已经五子连珠,而不是如何绘制画面,因此我们先确定棋盘
五子棋采用15*15的棋盘,因此,我们可以使用二维列表来创建一个棋盘,不妨认为0表示未放置棋子,1表示放置白子,2表示放置黑子。
显而易见可以创建列表,注意不能使用*来复制列表

self.chess_board = [[0 for i in range(15)] for i in range(15)]

下棋的步骤十分好做,只需要找到对应的索引进行赋值即可,下一步应该解决如何判断五子连珠的问题。
每当我们落子结束后,应该判断是否已经完成五子连珠。对于刚放置的一颗棋子而言,可能的情况大致分为四种:
1.水平
2.斜向右下
3.竖直
4.斜向右上
要判断是否已经连珠成功,我们以刚放置的棋子为起点,先向前遍历4个棋子,并计算相同棋子的个数,一旦遇到不同的棋子,就停止,然后从起点向后遍历4个棋子,直到全部遍历完成或者棋子总数已经达到5个,就可以返回。我们只需要注意如何获得棋子的前后棋子以及棋盘的边界问题,棋子不可能超出棋盘,因此被遍历的棋子也不能超出棋盘。
以水平为例,可以得到代码
def judge_1(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:count = 1if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:for i in range(1,5):if y - i >= 0:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x][y-i]:print(x,y-i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakfor i in range(1,5):if y + i <=14:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x][y+i]:print(x,y+i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakif count == 5:return Truereturn False

以相似的步骤完成其余三种判断,就已经完成了五子棋游戏的核心要素了,剩下的就需要交给PyQt5来完成游戏的绘制来完善游戏了。
我们创建一个类来继承QWidget类,创建一个窗口,之后我们需要创建几个属性来完成储存我们的数据信息
#棋子的坐标self.x = -1self.y = -1#区分玩家#开始标签self.flag = False#储存已经下好的白子self.white_chess = []#储存已经下好的黑子self.black_chess = []

我们已经可以开始绘制棋盘,在Qt5中,如果我们需要进行绘制,我们应该重写paintEvent方法,这个方法会由程序自动调用执行。创建一个QPainter对象,将需要绘制的内容用begin与end方法包裹起来,就可以完成绘制。
我们用drawLine方法来绘制线条,用drawEllipse方法来绘制棋子,使用setPen来更改线条样式,setBrush来更改棋子样式。
得到代码(本段代码有参考他人代码,这是我第一次接触Qt的绘制)
--------------------GUI中的x轴竖直向下,y轴水平向右,因此绘制棋子时的x与y需要颠倒---------------
#绘制棋盘与棋子def paintEvent(self, e) -> None:qp = QPainter()qp.begin(self)qp.fillRect(self.rect(), QColor("light blue"))qp.drawRect(self.rect())qp.setBackground(QColor("yellow"))qp.setPen(QPen(QColor(0, 0, 0), 2, Qt.SolidLine))for i in range(15):qp.drawLine(QPoint(30, 30 + 30 * i), QPoint(450, 30 + 30 * i))for i in range(15):qp.drawLine(QPoint(30 + 30 * i, 30), QPoint(30 + 30 * i, 450))qp.setBrush(QColor(0, 0, 0))key_points = [(3, 3), (11, 3), (3, 11), (11, 11), (7, 7)]if len(self.black_chess) != 0:for t in self.black_chess:#画黑子qp.drawEllipse(QPoint(30 + 30 * t[1], 30 + 30 * t[0]), 6, 6)for t in key_points:#棋盘的5个定点qp.drawEllipse(QPoint(30 + 30 * t[0], 30 + 30 * t[1]), 3, 3)qp.setBrush(QColor(255,255,255))if len(self.white_chess) != 0:for t in self.white_chess:#画白子qp.drawEllipse(QPoint(30 + 30 * t[1], 30 + 30 * t[0]), 6, 6)qp.end()

另一个需要在GUI中解决的问题就是,如何获取要下的棋子的坐标?我们可以通过重写鼠标事件来解决,重写单机事件mousePressEvent,并修改棋子的x坐标与y坐标即可,另外,用户不可能每次都恰巧点到我们规定的坐标点上,因此需要给出一个大致范围判断,这里我的方式是先获取坐标,然后根据坐标找到距离最近的点
def mousePressEvent(self, e) -> None:if e.buttons() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:if e.x() > 15 and e.x() < 465 and e.y() > 15 and e.y() < 465:x = e.x()/30 - e.x()//30y = e.y()/30 - e.y()//30self.y = (e.x()-30)//30 if x < 0.5 else (e.x()-30)//30 + 1self.x = (e.y()-30)//30 if y < 0.5 else (e.y()-30)//30 + 1if self.flag:print(self.x,self.y)if self.player % 2 == 1:if goBang.put_white_chess(self.x,self.y):self.player += 1 print('黑子行动')else:print('白子行动')if goBang.judge(self.x,self.y):msg_box = QMessageBox(QMessageBox.Information, '提示', '白子获胜!')msg_box.exec_()else:if goBang.put_black_chess(self.x,self.y):self.player += 1print('白子行动')else:print('黑子行动')if goBang.judge(self.x,self.y):msg_box = QMessageBox(QMessageBox.Information, '提示', '黑子获胜!')msg_box.exec_()

每当游戏完成,我们应该可以清空棋盘,也就是将所有储存数据的变量都重新初始化再重绘棋盘
#清除棋盘,重开游戏def clear(self) -> None:self.x = -1self.y = -1self.player = 0self.flag = Falseself.white_chess = []self.black_chess = []self.chess_board = [[0 for i in range(15)] for i in range(15)]self.update()

这样就大致结束了!!
下面是全部代码:
from PyQt5 import *from PyQt5 import QtCorefrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import *from PyQt5.QtGui import *from PyQt5.QtCore import *import sys class GoBang(QWidget):#初始化棋盘def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.setWindowTitle('五子棋Hi~ o(* ̄▽ ̄*)ブ')self.x = -1self.y = -1#区分玩家self.player = 0#开始标签self.flag = False#储存已经下好的白子self.white_chess = []#储存已经下好的黑子self.black_chess = []self.setFixedSize(800,600)self.chess_board = [[0 for i in range(15)] for i in range(15)]btn1 = QPushButton('开始',self)btn1.setGeometry(500,100,50,30)btn1.clicked.connect(self.setFlag)btn2 = QPushButton('重开',self)btn2.setGeometry(550,100,50,30)btn2.clicked.connect(self.clear)self.show()#绘制棋盘与棋子def paintEvent(self, e) -> None:qp = QPainter()qp.begin(self)qp.fillRect(self.rect(), QColor("light blue"))qp.drawRect(self.rect())qp.setBackground(QColor("yellow"))qp.setPen(QPen(QColor(0, 0, 0), 2, Qt.SolidLine))for i in range(15):qp.drawLine(QPoint(30, 30 + 30 * i), QPoint(450, 30 + 30 * i))for i in range(15):qp.drawLine(QPoint(30 + 30 * i, 30), QPoint(30 + 30 * i, 450))qp.setBrush(QColor(0, 0, 0))key_points = [(3, 3), (11, 3), (3, 11), (11, 11), (7, 7)]if len(self.black_chess) != 0:for t in self.black_chess:#画黑子qp.drawEllipse(QPoint(30 + 30 * t[1], 30 + 30 * t[0]), 6, 6)for t in key_points:#棋盘的5个定点qp.drawEllipse(QPoint(30 + 30 * t[0], 30 + 30 * t[1]), 3, 3)qp.setBrush(QColor(255,255,255))if len(self.white_chess) != 0:for t in self.white_chess:#画白子qp.drawEllipse(QPoint(30 + 30 * t[1], 30 + 30 * t[0]), 6, 6)qp.end() #更改标签,开始游戏def setFlag(self) -> None:self.flag = True def mousePressEvent(self, e) -> None:if e.buttons() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:if e.x() > 15 and e.x() < 465 and e.y() > 15 and e.y() < 465:x = e.x()/30 - e.x()//30y = e.y()/30 - e.y()//30self.y = (e.x()-30)//30 if x < 0.5 else (e.x()-30)//30 + 1self.x = (e.y()-30)//30 if y < 0.5 else (e.y()-30)//30 + 1if self.flag:print(self.x,self.y)if self.player % 2 == 1:if goBang.put_white_chess(self.x,self.y):self.player += 1 print('黑子行动')else:print('白子行动')if goBang.judge(self.x,self.y):msg_box = QMessageBox(QMessageBox.Information, '提示', '白子获胜!')msg_box.exec_()else:if goBang.put_black_chess(self.x,self.y):self.player += 1print('白子行动')else:print('黑子行动')if goBang.judge(self.x,self.y):msg_box = QMessageBox(QMessageBox.Information, '提示', '黑子获胜!')msg_box.exec_() #下白子def put_white_chess(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:msg_box = QMessageBox(QMessageBox.Information, '提示', '这个位置已经有棋子了!')msg_box.exec_()return Falseelse:self.chess_board[x][y] = 1self.white_chess.append((x,y))self.update()return True #下黑子def put_black_chess(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:msg_box = QMessageBox(QMessageBox.Information, '提示', '这个位置已经有棋子了!')msg_box.exec_()return Falseelse:self.chess_board[x][y] = 2self.black_chess.append((x,y))self.update()return True #清除棋盘,重开游戏def clear(self) -> None:self.x = -1self.y = -1self.player = 0self.flag = Falseself.white_chess = []self.black_chess = []self.chess_board = [[0 for i in range(15)] for i in range(15)]self.update() #判断是否已经五子连珠def judge(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:if self.judge_1(x,y) or self.judge_2(x,y) or self.judge_3(x,y) or self.judge_4(x,y):return Truereturn False #判断横线def judge_1(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:count = 1if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:for i in range(1,5):if y - i >= 0:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x][y-i]:print(x,y-i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakfor i in range(1,5):if y + i <=14:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x][y+i]:print(x,y+i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakif count == 5:return Truereturn False #判断右下线def judge_2(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:count = 1if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:for i in range(1,5):if x-i >= 0 and y - i >= 0:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x-i][y-i]:print(x-i,y-i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakfor i in range(1,5):if x + i <= 14 and y + i <= 14:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x+i][y+i]:print(x+i,y+i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakif count == 5:return Truereturn False #判断竖线def judge_3(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:count = 1if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:for i in range(1,5):if x - i >= 0:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x-i][y]:print(x-i,y)count += 1else:breakelse:breakfor i in range(1,5):if x + i <= 14:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x+i][y]:print(x+i,y)count += 1else:breakelse:breakif count == 5:return Truereturn False #判断右上线def judge_4(self,x:int,y:int) -> bool:count = 1if self.chess_board[x][y] != 0:for i in range(1,5):if x - i >= 0 and y + i <= 14:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x-i][y+i]:print(x-i,y+i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakfor i in range(1,5):if x + i <= 14 and y - i >= 0:if self.chess_board[x][y] == self.chess_board[x+i][y-i]:print(x+i,y-i)count += 1else:breakelse:breakif count == 5:return Truereturn False #程序入口if __name__ == '__main__':app = QApplication(sys.argv)goBang = GoBang()sys.exit(app.exec_())

【Python3利用Qt5实现简易的五子棋游戏】以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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