安卓基础（点击事件） _安卓基础

生也有涯，知也无涯。这篇文章主要讲述安卓基础（点击事件）相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
今天学习了安卓开发的点击事件，下面我来叙述一下实现点击时间得基本方法：
第一种：在要被点击得控件中加onclick属性
格式：android：onClick="方法名" 例如andoroid：onClick="oneClick"
接下来在对应这个布局得activity中写一个方法，格式为：
public void 方法名(View view ){
方法得执行代码；
}
例如：

public void oneOnclick(View view){
Log.d(TAG,"...1");
if(view instanceof TextView){
String a = ((TextView)view).getText().toString();
Log.d(TAG,"name =="+ a); //打印每个键所包含得文本内同容

}
}
第一种实例(计算器)代码：
activity代码：

package com.example.text2; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.calculatorlayout); } public void oneOnclick(View view){ Log.d(TAG,"...1"); if(view instanceof TextView){ String a = ((TextView)view).getText().toString(); Log.d(TAG,"name =="+ a); //打印每个键所包含得文本内同容 } } }

xml文件带代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"> < LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="C" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="+/-" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="%" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="÷" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector_oring"android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < /LinearLayout> < LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="1" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="2" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="3" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="÷" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector_oring"android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < /LinearLayout> < LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="4" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="5" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="6" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="x" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector_oring"android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < /LinearLayout> < LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="7" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="8" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="9" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="-" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector_oring" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < /LinearLayout> < LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="0" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:layout_weight="2" android:background="@drawable/selector" > < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="." android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < TextView android:onClick="oneOnclick" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:text="=" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="30sp" android:background="@drawable/selector_oring" android:layout_weight="1"> < /TextView> < /LinearLayout> < /LinearLayout>

白色外边框代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> < solid android:color="#ffffff"/> < stroke android:color="#333333" android:width="1dp"/> < /shape>

点击之后变色代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> < solid android:color="#999999"/> < stroke android:color="#333333" android:width="1dp"/> < /shape>

橙色外边框代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> < solid android:color="#e47f24"/> < stroke android:color="#333333" android:width="1dp"/> < /shape>

点击之后变色代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="rectangle"> < solid android:color="#b55f1c"/> < stroke android:color="#333333" android:width="1dp"/> < /shape>

白色部分选择事件代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> < item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_rectangle_grey" android:state_pressed="true"/> < item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_rectangle"/> < /selector>

橙色部分选择事件代码：

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> < selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> < item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@drawable/shape_rectangle_oring_gery"/> < item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_rectangle_oring"/> < /selector>

安卓手机端开发截图：

文章图片

点击控件，显示台截图：

文章图片

【安卓基础（点击事件）】第二种：通过id声明来找到控件并对其进行设置点击事件
第一步：给对应的控件设置id
第二步：找到控件
第三步：设置点击事件

package com.example.text2; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private TextView cancel; private TextView plus_red; private TextView divisible; private TextView chu; private TextView one; private TextView two; private TextView three; private TextView plus; private TextView four; private TextView five; private TextView six; private TextView multiply; private TextView senven; private TextView eight; private TextView nine; private TextView cut; private TextView zero; private TextView spot; private TextView equal; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.calculatorlayout_byid); initview(); //设置点击事件 initClick(); }private void initview() { cancel = this.findViewById(R.id.cancel); plus_red = this.findViewById(R.id.plus_red); divisible = this.findViewById(R.id.divisible); chu = this.findViewById(R.id.chu); one = this.findViewById(R.id.one); two = this.findViewById(R.id.two); three = this.findViewById(R.id.three); plus = this.findViewById(R.id.plus); four = this.findViewById(R.id.four); five = this.findViewById(R.id.five); six = this.findViewById(R.id.six); multiply = this.findViewById(R.id.multiply); senven = this.findViewById(R.id.senven); eight = this.findViewById(R.id.eight); nine = this.findViewById(R.id.nine); cut = this.findViewById(R.id.cut); zero = this.findViewById(R.id.zero); spot = this.findViewById(R.id.spot); equal = this.findViewById(R.id.equal); } /* 设置点击事件 */ publicvoidinitClick(){ //第一种设置方式 cancel.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); divisible.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); chu.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); plus.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); four.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); five.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); six.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }); //第二中设置方法 plus_red.setOnClickListener(this); one.setOnClickListener(this); two.setOnClickListener(this); three.setOnClickListener(this); multiply.setOnClickListener(this); senven.setOnClickListener(this); eight.setOnClickListener(this); nine.setOnClickListener(this); cut.setOnClickListener(this); zero.setOnClickListener(this); spot.setOnClickListener(this); equal.setOnClickListener(this); }@Override public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG,"点击键值为"+ ((TextView)v).getText().toString()); } }

安卓开发截图和第一种方法一样就不截图了，控制台截图（为方便区分我输出值为中文）：