欠伸展肢体,吟咏心自愉。这篇文章主要讲述Django 创建app 应用,数据库配置相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
一.create project mkdir jango cd jango 目录创建project myapp django-admin startproject myapp 2.在给project创建app cd myapp 的project下: python manage.py startapp appname 创建一个app python manage.py run server localhost:9999 启动jango server 默认:http://localhost:9999访问显示django页面表示创建app ok
【Django 创建app 应用,数据库配置】
二.数据库mysql以及可能遇到问题: tips: 修改settings.py : 1.ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘*‘,] 默认是空,如果想实现非localhost地址连接django server, 注意在同一网落,此外注意结尾要保留逗号"," DATABASES修改如下,其中NAME表示数据库你想要新建初始化数据的db名称,如果数据库已经存在此db, 先登录mysql所安装机器mysql -u root -p 然后drop database existedDbName; 此外修改默认的数据库ENGINE sqlite3为mysql,再执行创建进行初始化迁移的db , create database mysitedb CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; : DATABASES = { ‘default‘: { ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘, ‘NAME‘: "mysitedb", ‘USER‘: ‘root‘, ‘PASSWORD‘: ‘root‘, ‘HOST‘: ‘192.168.110.128‘, ‘PORT‘: ‘3306‘, } } 在进行数据库迁移前必须确保数据库已存在并且可以连接: 在project目录之前是myapp目录(settings.py所在的目录下)的init.py 添加: import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb() 最后修改django默认语言和时区为Asia/Shanghai如下默认是:{ #LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘en-us‘ #TIME_ZONE = ‘UTC‘ }修改为: LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘zh-hans‘ TIME_ZONE = ‘Asia/Shanghai‘ 最后执行数据库初始化迁移migrate: python manage.pymakemigrations python manage.py migrate 执行迁移最终成功如下,也可以进入数据库检查mysitedb 也就是你创建的db:use dbname; show tables; : Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK 检查数据库会如下: mysql> show tables; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysitedb| +----------------------------+ | auth_group| | auth_group_permissions| | auth_permission| | auth_user| | auth_user_groups| | auth_user_user_permissions | | django_admin_log| | django_content_type| | django_migrations| | django_session| +----------------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.05 sec) 这就是意味着数据库初始化迁移成功啦!!! 数据库迁移过程可能遇到问题以及解决方案: 1.mysql 连接失败django.db.utils.InternalError: (1130, "Host ‘192.168.110.1‘ is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server"): 解决方案: 1.1授权 settings.py 配置数据库用户root任意地址访问: use mysql ; update user set host = ‘%‘ where user =‘root‘; flushprivileges; 2.FAQ-RuntimeError: cryptography is required for sha256_password or caching_sha2_password 解决:pip install cryptographypython version: 3.7.2 3.django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: mysqlclient 1.3.13 or newer is required; you have 0.... 解决:cd C:Python37Libsite-packagesdjangodbackendsmysql 3.1修改base.py 和operations.py :3.2修改operations.py : query = query.decode(errors=‘replace‘)的decode修改为encode 注释base.py : if version < (1, 3, 13): raise ImproperlyConfigured(‘mysqlclient 1.3.13 or newer is required; you have %s.‘ % Database.__version__)
三.settings.py管理应用多个:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
‘django.contrib.admin‘,
‘django.contrib.auth‘,
‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
‘django.contrib.messages‘,
‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
"app",
"app2",
"app3"
]
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