C# WPF MVVM模式Prism框架从零搭建(经典)

宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来。这篇文章主要讲述C# WPF MVVM模式Prism框架从零搭建(经典)相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。


01



前言




目前最新的PRISM的版本是8.1.97,本节以6.3.0.0 讲解,可以在Github上获取PRISM的源码。

  • Prism Github地址:https://github.com/PrismLibrary/Prism
  • Prism官方文档:https://prismlibrary.com/docs/
  • Prism要用到IOC容器,提供选择的有Unity和MEF,这里我分别采用MEF和unity去做,不懂MEF的建议看看这位




02

安装库


在nuget上安装Prism相关常用的库


C# WPF MVVM模式Prism框架从零搭建(经典)

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03

项目搭建
step1:新建解决方案:我这里命名为PrismFrameTest;
step2:删除MainWindow.xaml,删除App.xaml中启动引导


StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml"

然后在App.xaml.cs新建程序入口








protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e){base.OnStartup(e); MyBootstrapper bootStrapper = new MyBootstrapper(); bootStrapper.Run(true); }

新建引导类MyBootstrapper.cs,需要继承基类Prism.Mef库下的基类MefBootstrapper


方式1 采用mef




public class MyBootstrapper : MefBootstrapper{protected override DependencyObject CreateShell(){return this.Container.GetExportedValue< MyShellView> (); }protected override void InitializeShell(){base.InitializeShell(); Application.Current.MainWindow = (MyShellView)this.Shell; Application.Current.MainWindow.Show(); //Show主窗口,但content内没有内容,只有当调用Module中的Initialize()方法后才将HelloWorldView显示出来。}protected override void ConfigureAggregateCatalog(){base.ConfigureAggregateCatalog(); this.AggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Add(new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(MyBootstrapper).Assembly)); this.AggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Add(new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(PrismModuleLeft.ModuleLeftViewModel).Assembly)); //注册模块//this.AggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Add(new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(ModuleB.ModuleBViewModel).Assembly)); }protected override IModuleCatalog CreateModuleCatalog(){// When using MEF, the existing Prism ModuleCatalog is still the place to configure modules via configuration files.return new ConfigurationModuleCatalog(); }
}

方式2 采用unity




public class MyBootstrapper : UnityBootstrapper{protected override DependencyObject CreateShell(){return Container.Resolve< MyShellView> (); }
protected override void InitializeShell(){base.InitializeShell();
Application.Current.MainWindow = (MyShellView)this.Shell; Application.Current.MainWindow.Show(); //Show主窗口,但content内没有内容,只有当调用Module中的Initialize()方法后才将HelloWorldView显示出来。}
protected override void ConfigureModuleCatalog(){base.ConfigureModuleCatalog();
ModuleCatalog moduleCatalog = (ModuleCatalog)this.ModuleCatalog; moduleCatalog.AddModule(typeof(PrismModuleLeft.ModuleLeftViewModel)); //注册模块}
}


step3:


然后新建一个xaml窗体MyShellView.xaml,将窗体分为左右两部分
这里cal:RegionManager.RegionName是一个依赖属性,我们将它与ItemsControl控件相关联,MainRegion就是一个占位符。






< ItemsControl cal:RegionManager.RegionName="RegionLeft" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/> < ItemsControl cal:RegionManager.RegionName="RegionRight" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Grid.Column="1"/>

对应的cs中将类标注为[Export]
step4:新建类库PrismModuleLeft
类库中新建ModuleLeftView.xaml
关于事件绑定:(在下面代码中两种方式都列出来了)
①控件继承自ButtonBase、MenuItem类,比如:Button、RadioButton、Hyperlink、MenuItem……这种情况下,由于Prism已经帮我们实现了这些控件的Command属性,可以直接绑定Command属性来完成Click事件到ViewModel的绑定:
②ListView、ListBox、DropDownList等等大部分没有Click事件的控件。这时候,当我们要实现SelectedItemChanged、SelectionChanged等常用事件的时候,使用Expression Blend附带的System.Windows.Interactivity.dll文件,它使用interaction trigger和InvokeCommandAction behavior来帮助我们直接绑定控件的事件。
需要引用


xmlns:i="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/2010/interactivity"






< Grid> < Grid.RowDefinitions> < RowDefinition/> < RowDefinition/> < /Grid.RowDefinitions> < TextBlockForeground="Red" FontSize="20" Text="{Binding TxtLabel}" Background="Gray" Grid.Row="0"/> < Button Background="LightCyan" Name="CreateRecipe" Command="{Binding CreateRecipeCommand}" Content="BtnCtr" FontSize="20" Grid.Row="1"> < i:Interaction.Triggers > < i:EventTrigger EventName="PreviewKeyDown"> < i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding KeyUpEventCommand}" /> < /i:EventTrigger> < /i:Interaction.Triggers> < /Button> < /Grid>

对应的cs中:





[Export]public partial class ModuleLeftView : UserControl{private readonly IRegionViewRegistry regionViewRegistry; public ModuleLeftView(){InitializeComponent(); this.DataContext = new ModuleLeftViewModel(regionViewRegistry); }}

step4:ModuleLeftViewModel中:




using Prism.Commands; using Prism.Mef.Modularity; using Prism.Modularity; using Prism.Mvvm; using Prism.Regions; using PropertyChanged; using System.ComponentModel.Composition; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Input;
namespace PrismModuleLeft{[AddINotifyPropertyChangedInterface][ModuleExport("ModuleLeftViewModel", typeof(ModuleLeftViewModel), InitializationMode = InitializationMode.WhenAvailable)]public class ModuleLeftViewModel : BindableBase,IModule{private readonly IRegionViewRegistry regionViewRegistry; public ICommand CreateRecipeCommand { get; set; }public DelegateCommand< KeyEventArgs> KeyUpEventCommand { get; private set; }public string TxtLabel { get; set; } = "Hello! I am ModuleA"; public void KeyUpEventHandler(KeyEventArgs args){MessageBox.Show("PrismCTR"); }public void Initialize(){regionViewRegistry.RegisterViewWithRegion("RegionLeft", typeof(ModuleLeftView));
}[ImportingConstructor]public ModuleLeftViewModel(IRegionViewRegistry registry){this.regionViewRegistry = registry; CreateRecipeCommand = new DelegateCommand(() => CreateRecipe()); }public void CreateRecipe(){TxtLabel = "this is my first prism test example"; MessageBox.Show(TxtLabel); }}}


04

总结


这个时候我们来对PRISM的基础架构做一个简单的总结:


Shell: 主窗口,他的功能都是通过Module来实现的;


Bootstrapper: 应用程序的入口点;


Region: 内容区域,类似于一个占位符

Module: 真正实现业务功能的东西,是View,数据,模型组成的集合;


Prism是个非常强大的wpf mvvm模式框架,它使用依赖注入,控制反转容器来帮助我们解决团队合作的松耦合问题。




05

结果演示


【C# WPF MVVM模式Prism框架从零搭建(经典)】
C# WPF MVVM模式Prism框架从零搭建(经典)

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05

源码


链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1utVT-087R1WonjoHZrv_Iw
提取码:在下面公众号后台,发送:提取码,即可获取


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C# WPF MVVM模式Prism框架从零搭建(经典)

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