异地云服务器部署k8s集群 _云服务器

当筵意气临九霄，星离雨散不终朝。这篇文章主要讲述异地云服务器部署k8s集群相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
初始化系统升级内核:https://www.chenmx.net/?p=208

# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

# 关闭selinux
sed -i s/enforcing/disabled/ /etc/selinux/config# 永久
setenforce 0# 临时

# 关闭swap
swapoff -a# 临时
sed -ri s/.*swap.*/#& / /etc/fstab# 永久

# 根据规划设置主机名hostname:名称，方便记忆
hostnamectl set-hostname hostname

# 在master添加hosts
cat > > /etc/hosts < < EOF
82.156.215.56 k8s-master #k8smaster-> 上文中的hostname
124.71.156.166 k8s-node #同理
49.232.0.68 k8s-node1 #同理
EOF

modprobe br_netfilter

cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules < < EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack #内核版本小于4.19 nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF

chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules & & bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules & & lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack

#云服务器一般不需要
# 设置系统时区为中国/上海
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
# 将当前的UTC时间写入硬件时钟
timedatectl set-local-rtc 0
# 重启依赖于系统时间的服务
systemctl restart rsyslog
systemctl restart crond

添加阿里云YUM软件源

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo < < EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

安装??kubeadm???，??kubelet???和??kubectl??

yum install -y kubelet-1.21.0 kubeadm-1.21.0 kubectl-1.21.0
systemctl enable kubelet
#查看版本信息
kubectl version
kubeadm version
kubelet --version

安装docker，准备相应镜像

各节点需要的镜像

#!/bin/bash
#pull images

ver=v1.21.0
registry=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
images=`kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=$ver |awk -F / {print $2}`

for image in $images
do
if [ $image != coredns ]; then
docker pull ${registry}/$image
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
docker tag ${registry}/$image k8s.gcr.io/$image
docker rmi ${registry}/$image
else
echo "ERROR: 下载镜像报错，$image"
fi
else
docker pull coredns/coredns:1.8.0
docker tag coredns/coredns:1.8.0k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.0
docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.8.0
fi
done

chmod +x pullimages.sh & & ./pullimages.sh

安装并配置docker

https://www.chenmx.net/?p=31

建立虚拟网卡（所以节点）

cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1 < < EOF
BOOTPROTO=static
DEVICE=eth0:1
IPADDR=82.156.215.56 #你的公网IP
PREFIX=32
TYPE=Ethernet
USERCTL=no
ONBOOT=yes
EOF
#重启网卡
systemctl restart network
查看全部IP
ip addr

修改??kubelet??启动参数

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf

[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
# This is a file that "kubeadm init" and "kubeadm join" generates at runtime, populating the KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS variable dynamically
EnvironmentFile=-/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env
# This is a file that the user can use for overrides of the kubelet args as a last resort. Preferably, the user should use
# the .NodeRegistration.KubeletExtraArgs object in the configuration files instead. KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS should be sourced from this file.
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/kubelet
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS --node-ip=82.156.215.56

使用??kubeadm??初始化主节点（master节点）

执行上文中下载docker镜像的脚本

# step1 添加配置文件，注意替换下面的IP
cat > kubeadm-config.yaml < < EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.21.0
apiServer:
certSANs:
- k8s-master#请替换为hostname
- 82.156.215.56#请替换为公网
- 82.156.215.56
- 10.96.0.1#不要替换，此IP是API的集群地址，部分服务会用到
controlPlaneEndpoint: 82.156.215.56:6443 #替换为公网IP
networking:
podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
--- 将默认调度方式改为ipvs
apiVersion: kubeproxy-config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
featureGates:
SupportIPVSProxyMode: true
mode: ipvs
EOF

#初始化如果是1核心或者1G内存的请在末尾添加参数（--ignore-preflight-errors=all），否则会初始化失败
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --ignore-preflight-errors=all

#上面初始化成功后，将会生成kubeconfig文件，用于请求api服务器，请执行下面操作
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

#node点加入主节点使用
kubeadm join 82.156.215.56:6443 --token kias9b.0sngusi94r8bh6f6 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:09868a449efed1bb017d3a7b6e7fc3386feac6fcbc076350e5868ff1fc5be3f5

，遇到这种问题只需要??sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1??即可解决
修改??kube-apiserver??参数（主节点）

vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
annotations:
kubeadm.kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver.advertise-address.endpoint: 82.156.215.56:6443
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
component: kube-apiserver
tier: control-plane
name: kube-apiserver
namespace: kube-system
spec:
containers:
- command:
- kube-apiserver
- --advertise-address=82.156.218.219
- --bind-address=0.0.0.0
- --allow-privileged=true
- --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC
- --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
- --enable-admission-plugins=NodeRestriction
- --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true
- --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt
- --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.crt
- --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.key
- --etcd-servers=https://127.0.0.1:2379
- --insecure-port=0
- --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-kubelet-client.crt
- --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-kubelet-client.key
- --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname
- --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.crt
- --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.key
- --requestheader-allowed-names=front-proxy-client
- --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt
- --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-
- --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group
- --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
- --secure-port=6443
- --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
- --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
- --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key
- --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12
- --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.crt
- --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.key
image: k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.21.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
livenessProbe:
failureThreshold: 8
httpGet:
host: 82.156.215.56
path: /livez
port: 6443
scheme: HTTPS
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
timeoutSeconds: 15
name: kube-apiserver
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
host: 82.156.215.56
path: /readyz
port: 6443
scheme: HTTPS
periodSeconds: 1
timeoutSeconds: 15
resources:
requests:
cpu: 250m
startupProbe:
failureThreshold: 24
httpGet:
host: 82.156.215.56
path: /livez
port: 6443
scheme: HTTPS
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
timeoutSeconds: 15
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /etc/ssl/certs
name: ca-certs
readOnly: true
- mountPath: /etc/pki
name: etc-pki
readOnly: true
- mountPath: /etc/kubernetes/pki
name: k8s-certs
readOnly: true
hostNetwork: true
priorityClassName: system-node-critical
volumes:
- hostPath:
path: /etc/ssl/certs
type: DirectoryOrCreate
name: ca-certs
- hostPath:
path: /etc/pki
type: DirectoryOrCreate
name: etc-pki
- hostPath:
path: /etc/kubernetes/pki
type: DirectoryOrCreate
name: k8s-certs
status: {}

加入node节点

kubeadm join 82.156.215.56:6443 --token kias9b.0sngusi94r8bh6f6 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:09868a449efed1bb017d3a7b6e7fc3386feac6fcbc076350e5868ff1fc5be3f5

#master节点执行，看是否添加成功ip地址等信息
kubectl get nodes -o wide

#默认token有效期为24小时，当过期之后，该token就不可用了。这时就需要重新创建token
kubeadm token create --print-join-command

修改??flannel??文件并安装（master节点）

#下载文件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

# 共修改两个地方，一个是args下，添加
args:
- --public-ip=$(PUBLIC_IP) # 添加此参数，申明公网IP
- --iface=eth0# 添加此参数，绑定网卡

# 然后是env下
env:
- name: PUBLIC_IP#添加环境变量
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: status.podIP

---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: [NET_ADMIN, NET_RAW]
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unused in CaaSP
rule: RunAsAny
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: [extensions]
resources: [podsecuritypolicies]
verbs: [use]
resourceNames: [psp.flannel.unprivileged]
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
hostNetwork: true
priorityClassName: system-node-critical
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --public-ip=$(PUBLIC_IP)
- --iface=eth0
- --kube-subnet-mgr
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
env:
- name: PUBLIC_IP
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: status.podIP
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg

#创建flannel
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yaml

#检查pod是否都已经在running状态
kubectl get pods -o wide --all-namespaces

手动开启配置，开启??ipvs??转发模式（master节点）

kubectl edit configmaps -n kube-system kube-proxy

# Please edit the object below. Lines beginning with a # will be ignored,
# and an empty file will abort the edit. If an error occurs while saving this file will be
# reopened with the relevant failures.
#
apiVersion: v1
data:
config.conf: |-
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
bindAddressHardFail: false
clientConnection:
acceptContentTypes: ""
burst: 0
contentType: ""
kubeconfig: /var/lib/kube-proxy/kubeconfig.conf
qps: 0
clusterCIDR: 10.244.0.0/16
configSyncPeriod: 0s
conntrack:
maxPerCore: null
min: null
tcpCloseWaitTimeout: null
tcpEstablishedTimeout: null
detectLocalMode: ""
enableProfiling: false
healthzBindAddress: ""
hostnameOverride: ""
iptables:
masqueradeAll: false
masqueradeBit: null
minSyncPeriod: 0s
syncPeriod: 0s
ipvs:
excludeCIDRs: null
minSyncPeriod: 0s
scheduler: ""
strictARP: false
syncPeriod: 0s
tcpFinTimeout: 0s
tcpTimeout: 0s
udpTimeout: 0s
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
metricsBindAddress: ""
mode: "ipvs"
nodePortAddresses: null
oomScoreAdj: null
portRange: ""
showHiddenMetricsForVersion: ""
udpIdleTimeout: 0s
winkernel:
enableDSR: false
networkName: ""
sourceVip: ""
kubeconfig.conf: |-
apiVersion: v1
....