农村四月闲人少,勤学苦攻把名扬。这篇文章主要讲述Flutter 专题58 图解 Flutter 嵌入原生 AndroidView 小尝试 #yyds干货盘点#相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
小菜前段时间学习了一下 Flutter 与原生 Android 之间的交互;是以 Android 为主工程,Flutter 作为 Module 方式进行交互;今天小菜尝试一下 Flutter 中嵌入 Native View 的交互方式;Android 端采用 AndroidView iOS 端采用 UiKitView;小菜仅学习了 AndroidView 的基本用法;
文章图片
源码分析
const androidView(
Key key,
@required this.viewType,
this.onPlatformViewCreated,
this.hitTestBehavior = PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.opaque,
this.layoutDirection,
this.gestureRecognizers,
this.creationParams,
this.creationParamsCodec,
)
- viewType -> 与 Android 原生交互时唯一标识符,常见形式是包名+自定义名;
- onPlatformViewCreated -> 创建视图后的回调;
- hitTestBehavior -> 渗透点击事件,接收范围 opaque > translucent > transparent;
- layoutDirection -> 嵌入视图文本方向;
- gestureRecognizers -> 可以传递到视图的手势集合;
- creationParams -> 向视图传递参数,常为 PlatformViewFactory;
- creationParamsCodec ->
编解码器类型;
基本用法
1. viewType a. Android 端 - 自定义 PlatformView,可根据需求实现 Channel 交互接口;
public class NLayout implements PlatformView private LinearLayout mLinearLayout; private BinaryMessenger messenger; NLayout(Context context, BinaryMessenger messenger, int id, Map< String, Object> params) this.messenger = messenger; LinearLayout mLinearLayout = new LinearLayout(context); mLinearLayout.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(100, 200, 100)); LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(900, 900); mLinearLayout.setLayoutParams(lp); this.mLinearLayout = mLinearLayout; @Override public View getView()return mLinearLayout; @Override public void dispose()
- 创建 PlatformViewFactory 用于生成 PlatformView;
public class NLayoutFactory extends PlatformViewFactory private final BinaryMessenger messenger; public NLayoutFactory(BinaryMessenger messenger) super(StandardMessageCodec.INSTANCE); this.messenger = messenger; @Override public PlatformView create(Context context, int i, Object o) Map< String, Object> params = (Map< String, Object> ) o; return new NLayout(context, messenger, i, params); public static void registerWith(PluginRegistry registry) final String key = "NLayout"; if (registry.hasPlugin(key)) return; PluginRegistry.Registrar registrar = registry.registrarFor(key); registrar.platformViewRegistry().registerViewFactory("com.ace.ace_demo01/method_layout", new NLayoutFactory(registrar.messenger()));
- 在 MainActivity 中注册该组件;
NLayoutFactory.registerWith(this);
b. Flutter 端 创建 AndroidView 并设置与原生相同的 viewType;
return ListView(children: < Widget> [ Container(child: AndroidView(viewType: "com.ace.ace_demo01/method_layout"), color: Colors.pinkAccent, height: 400.0), Container(child: AndroidView(viewType: "com.ace.ace_demo01/method_layout"), color: Colors.greenAccent, height: 200.0) ]);
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- 小菜对比两个 Container 高度,Container 尺寸大于 AndroidView 对应的原生 View 尺寸时,完全展示;相反小于时则会裁剪 AndroidView 对应的原生 View;
- 两个 Container 背景色均未展示,小菜理解是 AndroidView 是填充满 Container 的,只是 AndroidView 中展示效果跟原生 View 尺寸相关;
- AndroidView 中未填充满的部分会展示白色或黑色背景色,与 Android 主题版本 或 设备 相关;
2. creationParams / creationParamsCodec
creationParams 与 creationParamsCodec 一般成对使用,creationParams 为默认传递参数,creationParamsCodec 为编解码器类型;
// Flutter 端 默认传递不同尺寸参数 return ListView(children: < Widget> [ Container(child: AndroidView(viewType: "com.ace.ace_demo01/method_layout0", creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(), creationParams: method_layout_size: 150), color: Colors.pinkAccent,height: 400.0), Container(child: AndroidView(viewType: "com.ace.ace_demo01/method_layout0", creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(), creationParams: method_layout_size: 450), color: Colors.greenAccent,height: 200.0) ]);
public class NLayout implements PlatformView
private LinearLayout mLinearLayout;
private BinaryMessenger messenger;
private int size = 0;
NLayout(Context context, BinaryMessenger messenger, int id, Map<
String, Object>
params)
this.messenger = messenger;
LinearLayout mLinearLayout = new LinearLayout(context);
mLinearLayout.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(100, 200, 100));
if (params != null &
&
params.containsKey("method_layout_size"))
size = Integer.parseInt(params.get("method_layout_size").toString());
else
size = 900;
LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(size,size);
mLinearLayout.setLayoutParams(lp);
this.mLinearLayout = mLinearLayout;
@Override
public View getView()return mLinearLayout;
@Override
public void dispose()
#### 3. onPlatformViewCreated
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**Flutter** 与 **Android** 交互一般借助 **MethodChannel / BasicMessageChannel / EventChannel** 三种方式进行桥接交互;小菜以自定义 **TextView** 进行尝试;**PlatformViewFactory** 基本一致,只是更换初始化和注册的 **N...TextView** 即可;自定义 **N...TextView** 需实现各自的 **Channel** 方式;
##### MethodChannel 方式
// Flutter 端
return Container(height: 80.0, child: AndroidView(
onPlatformViewCreated: (id) async
MethodChannel _channel = const MethodChannel(ace_method_text_view);
_channel..invokeMethod(method_set_text, Method_Channel)..setMethodCallHandler((call)
if (call.method == method_click)
_toast(Method Text FlutterToast!, context);
);
,
viewType: " com.ace.ace_demo01/method_text_view" ,
creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(),
creationParams: method_text_str: Method Channel Params!!));
// Android NMethodTextView
public class NMethodTextView implements PlatformView, MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler
private TextView mTextView;
private MethodChannel methodChannel;
private BinaryMessenger messenger;
NMethodTextView(Context context, BinaryMessenger messenger, int id, Map<
String, Object>
params)
this.messenger = messenger;
TextView mTextView = new TextView(context);
mTextView.setText("我是来自Android的原生TextView");
mTextView.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(155, 205, 155));
mTextView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
mTextView.setTextSize(16.0f);
if (params != null &
&
params.containsKey("method_text_str"))
mTextView.setText(params.get("method_text_str").toString());
this.mTextView = mTextView;
methodChannel = new MethodChannel(messenger, "ace_method_text_view");
methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(this);
mTextView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
methodChannel.invokeMethod("method_click", "点击!");
Toast.makeText(context, "Method Click NativeToast!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
);
@Override
public void onMethodCall(MethodCall methodCall, MethodChannel.Result result)
if (methodCall != null &
&
methodCall.method.toString().equals("method_set_text"))
mTextView.setText(methodCall.arguments.toString());
result.success("method_set_text_success");
@Override
public View getView()return mTextView;
@Override
public void dispose()methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(null);
##### BasicMessageChannel 方式
// Flutter 端
return Container(height: 80.0, child: AndroidView(
hitTestBehavior: PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.translucent,
onPlatformViewCreated: (id) async
BasicMessageChannel _channel = const BasicMessageChannel(ace_basic_text_view, StringCodec());
_channel..send(" Basic_Channel" )..setMessageHandler((message)
if (message == basic_text_click)
_toast(Basic Text FlutterToast!, context);
print(===$message.toString()==);
);
,
viewType: " com.ace.ace_demo01/basic_text_view" ,
creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(),
creationParams: basic_text_str: Basic Channel Params!!));
// Android NBasicTextView
public class NBasicTextView implements PlatformView, BasicMessageChannel.MessageHandler
private TextView mTextView;
private BasicMessageChannel basicMessageChannel;
private BinaryMessenger messenger;
NBasicTextView(Context context, BinaryMessenger messenger, int id, Map<
String, Object>
params)
this.messenger = messenger;
TextView mTextView = new TextView(context);
mTextView.setTextColor(Color.rgb(155, 155, 205));
mTextView.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(155, 105, 155));
mTextView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
mTextView.setTextSize(18.0f);
if (params != null &
&
params.containsKey("basic_text_str"))
mTextView.setText(params.get("basic_text_str").toString());
this.mTextView = mTextView;
basicMessageChannel = new BasicMessageChannel(messenger, "ace_basic_text_view", StringCodec.INSTANCE);
basicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler(this);
mTextView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
basicMessageChannel.send("basic_text_click");
Toast.makeText(context, "Basic Click NativeToast!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
);
@Override
public View getView()return mTextView;
@Override
public void dispose()basicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler(null);
@Override
public void onMessage(Object o, BasicMessageChannel.Reply reply)
if (o != null)
mTextView.setText(o.toString());
basicMessageChannel.send("basic_set_text_success");
##### EventChannel 方式
// Flutter 端
return Container(height: 80.0, child: AndroidView(
hitTestBehavior: PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.opaque,
onPlatformViewCreated: (id) async
EventChannel _channel = const EventChannel(ace_event_text_view);
_channel.receiveBroadcastStream(Event_Channel).listen((message)
if (message == event_text_click)
_toast(Event Text FlutterToast!, context);
);
,
viewType: " com.ace.ace_demo01/event_text_view" ,
creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(),
creationParams: event_text_str: Event Channel Params!!));
// Android EventChannel
public class NEventTextView implements PlatformView, EventChannel.StreamHandler
private TextView mTextView;
private EventChannel eventChannel;
private BinaryMessenger messenger;
NEventTextView(Context context, BinaryMessenger messenger, int id, Map<
String, Object>
params)
this.messenger = messenger;
TextView mTextView = new TextView(context);
mTextView.setTextColor(Color.rgb(250, 105, 25));
mTextView.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(15, 200, 155));
mTextView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
mTextView.setPadding(10, 10, 10, 10);
mTextView.setTextSize(20.0f);
if (params != null &
&
params.containsKey("event_text_str"))
mTextView.setText(params.get("event_text_str").toString());
this.mTextView = mTextView;
eventChannel = new EventChannel(messenger, "ace_event_text_view");
eventChannel.setStreamHandler(this);
mTextView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() @Override
public void onClick(View v)
Toast.makeText(context, "Event Click NativeToast!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
);
@Override
public View getView()return mTextView;
@Override
public void dispose()eventChannel.setStreamHandler(null);
@Override
public void onListen(Object o, EventChannel.EventSink eventSink)
if (o != null)
mTextView.setText(o.toString());
eventSink.success("event_set_text_success");
@Override
public void onCancel(Object o)
![5803.png](https://s2.51cto.com/images/20220208/1644287945925662.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_14,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)#### 4. gestureRecognizers
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针对不同的 **View** 需要的手势有所不同,上述 **TextView** 没有设置手势集合,默认支持点击,但对于 **ListView** 之类的需要滑动手势或长按点击的话则需要添加 **gestureRecognizers** 手势集合;
// Flutter 端
return Container(height: 480.0,
child: GestureDetector(
child: AndroidView(
gestureRecognizers: Set()..add(Factory< VerticalDragGestureRecognizer> (() => VerticalDragGestureRecognizer()))
..add(Factory< LongPressGestureRecognizer> (() => LongPressGestureRecognizer())),
hitTestBehavior: PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.opaque,
onPlatformViewCreated: (id) async
MethodChannel _channel = const MethodChannel(ace_method_list_view);
_channel..invokeMethod(method_set_list, 15)..setMethodCallHandler((call)
if (call.method == method_item_click)
_toast(List FlutterToast! position -> $call.arguments, context);
else if (call.method == method_item_long_click)
_toast(List FlutterToast! -> $call.arguments, context);
);
,
viewType: " com.ace.ace_demo01/method_list_view" ,
creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(),
creationParams: method_list_size: 10)));
// Android NMethodListView
public class NMethodListView implements PlatformView, MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler, ListView.OnItemClickListener, ListView.OnItemLongClickListener
private Context context;
private ListView mListView;
private MethodChannel methodChannel;
private List<
Map<
String, String>
>
list = new ArrayList<
>
();
private SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = null;
private int listSize = 0;
NMethodListView(Context context, BinaryMessenger messenger, int id, Map<
String, Object>
params)
this.context = context;
ListView mListView = new ListView(context);
if (params != null &
&
params.containsKey("method_list_size"))
listSize = Integer.parseInt(params.get("method_list_size").toString());
if (list != null)list.clear();
for (int i = 0;
i <
listSize;
i++)
Map<
String, String>
map = new HashMap<
>
();
map.put("id", "current item = " + (i + 1));
list.add(map);
simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(context, list, R.layout.list_item, new String[]"id" , new int[]R.id.item_tv );
mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
mListView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
mListView.setOnItemLongClickListener(this);
this.mListView = mListView;
methodChannel = new MethodChannel(messenger, "ace_method_list_view");
methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(this);
@Override
public View getView()return mListView;
@Override
public void dispose()methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler(null);
@Override
public void onMethodCall(MethodCall methodCall, MethodChannel.Result result)
if (methodCall != null &
&
methodCall.method.toString().equals("method_set_list"))
if (list != null)list.clear();
for (int i = 0;
i <
Integer.parseInt(methodCall.arguments.toString());
i++)
Map<
String, String>
map = new HashMap<
>
();
map.put("id", "current item = " + (i + 1));
list.add(map);
simpleAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
result.success("method_set_list_success");
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<
?>
parent, View view, int position, long id)
methodChannel.invokeMethod("method_item_click", position);
Toast.makeText(context, "ListView.onItemClick NativeToast! position ->
" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
@Override
public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<
?>
parent, View view, int position, long id)
methodChannel.invokeMethod("method_item_long_click", list.get(position).get("id"));
Toast.makeText(context, "ListView.onItemLongClick NativeToast! " + list.get(position).get("id"), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
【Flutter 专题58 图解 Flutter 嵌入原生 AndroidView 小尝试 #yyds干货盘点#】
![5804.png](https://s2.51cto.com/images/20220208/1644287964274467.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_14,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)#### 5. hitTestBehavior
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小菜尝试了数据绑定和手势操作,但重要的一点是数据透传,小菜在 **Flutter / Android** 两端添加了 **Toast** 进行测试;
##### a. opaque
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使用 **PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.opaque** 方式,两端均可监听处理,小菜理解,若有叠加 **AndroidView** 则不会透传到下一层;注意 **PlatformView** 只可在 **AndroidView** 范围内展示;
##### b. translucent
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使用 **PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.translucent** 方式,两端均可监听处理,小菜理解,若有叠加 **AndroidView** 则可以透传到下一层;
![5805.jpeg](https://s2.51cto.com/images/20220208/1644287973256626.jpeg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_14,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)##### c. transparent
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使用 **PlatformViewHitTestBehavior.transparent** 方式,两端均不会透传展示;
![5806.jpeg](https://s2.51cto.com/images/20220208/1644287981499660.jpeg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_14,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)&
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小菜在测试时,**NMethodListView** 设置高度超过剩余空间高度,例 **Container** 高度设置 **500.0** 可实际屏幕剩余高度只有 **300.0**,因 **transparent** 不会透传,所以 **Flutter** 外层 **ListView** 可以滑动,**NMethodListView** 不会滑动;使用 **opaque / translucent** 方式,**NMethodListView** 可以滑动,**Flutter** 外层 **ListView** 不能滑动,故有 **200.0** 高度展示不出来;
### 小结
1. 使用 **AndroidView** 时,**Android API >
20**;
2. 使用 **AndroidView** 时均需要有界父类;
3. 官网明确提醒,**AndroidView** 方式代价较大,由于是 **GPU ->
CPU ->
GPU** 有明显的性能缺陷,尽量避免使用;
4. 测试过程中热重载无效,每次均需重新编译;
***
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小菜对两端的交互理解还不够深入,尤其是专有名词的理解还不到位,如有问题请多多指导!>
来源:阿策小和尚
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