python|Python如何实现人脸识别系统 pycharm|开发语言|python

小编给大家分享一下Python如何实现人脸识别系统，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！
基本原理
人脸识别和目标检测这些还不太一样，比如大家传统的训练一个目标检测模型，你只有对这个目标训练了之后，你的模型才能找到这样的目标，比如你的目标检测模型如果是检测植物的，那显然就不能检测动物。但是人脸识别就不一样，以你的手机为例，你发现你只录入了一次你的人脸信息，不需要训练，他就能准确的识别你，这里识别的原理是通过人脸识别的模型提取你脸部的特征向量，然后将实时检测到的你的人脸同数据库中保存的人脸进行比对，如果相似度超过一定的阈值之后，就认为比对成功。不过我这里说的只是简化版本的人脸识别，现在手机和门禁这些要复杂和安全的多，也不是简单平面上的人脸识别。
总结下来可以分为下面的步骤：
1.上传人脸到数据库
2.人脸检测
3.数据库比对并返回结果
这里我做了一个简答的示意图，可以帮助大家简单理解一下。

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代码实现
废话不多说，这里就是我们的代码实现，代码我已经上传到码云，大家直接下载就行，地址就在博客开头。
不会安装python环境的兄弟请看这里：如何在pycharm中配置anaconda的虚拟环境
【python|Python如何实现人脸识别系统】创建虚拟环境
创建虚拟环境前请大家先下载博客开头的码云源码到本地。
本次我们需要使用到python3.7的虚拟环境，命令如下：

conda create -n face python==3.7.3 conda activate face

安装必要的库

pip install -r requirements.txt

愉快地开始你的人脸识别吧！
执行下面的主文件即可

python UI.py

或者在pycharm中按照下面的方式直接运行即可

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首先将你需要识别的人脸上传到数据库中

文章图片

通过第二个视频检测功能识别实时的人脸

文章图片

详细的代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ ------------------------------------------------- Project Name: yolov5-jungong File Name: window.py.py Author: chenming Create Date: 2021/11/8 Description：图形化界面，可以检测摄像头、视频和图片文件 ------------------------------------------------- """ # 应该在界面启动的时候就将模型加载出来，设置tmp的目录来放中间的处理结果 import shutil import PyQt5.QtCore from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * import threading import argparse import os import sys from pathlib import Path import cv2 import torch import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn import os.path as osp FILE = Path(__file__).resolve() ROOT = FILE.parents[0]# YOLOv5 root directory if str(ROOT) not in sys.path: sys.path.append(str(ROOT))# add ROOT to PATH ROOT = Path(os.path.relpath(ROOT, Path.cwd()))# relativefrom models.common import DetectMultiBackend from utils.datasets import IMG_FORMATS, VID_FORMATS, LoadImages, LoadStreams from utils.general import (LOGGER, check_file, check_img_size, check_imshow, check_requirements, colorstr, increment_path, non_max_suppression, print_args, scale_coords, strip_optimizer, xyxy2xywh) from utils.plots import Annotator, colors, save_one_box from utils.torch_utils import select_device, time_sync# 添加一个关于界面 # 窗口主类 class MainWindow(QTabWidget): # 基本配置不动，然后只动第三个界面 def __init__(self): # 初始化界面 super().__init__() self.setWindowTitle('Target detection system') self.resize(1200, 800) self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("images/UI/lufei.png")) # 图片读取进程 self.output_size = 480 self.img2predict = "" self.device = 'cpu' # # 初始化视频读取线程 self.vid_source = '0'# 初始设置为摄像头 self.stopEvent = threading.Event() self.webcam = True self.stopEvent.clear() self.model = self.model_load(weights="runs/train/exp_yolov5s/weights/best.pt", device="cpu")# todo 指明模型加载的位置的设备 self.initUI() self.reset_vid()''' ***模型初始化*** ''' @torch.no_grad() def model_load(self, weights="",# model.pt path(s) device='',# cuda device, i.e. 0 or 0,1,2,3 or cpu half=False,# use FP16 half-precision inference dnn=False,# use OpenCV DNN for ONNX inference ): device = select_device(device) half &= device.type != 'cpu'# half precision only supported on CUDA device = select_device(device) model = DetectMultiBackend(weights, device=device, dnn=dnn) stride, names, pt, jit, onnx = model.stride, model.names, model.pt, model.jit, model.onnx # Half half &= pt and device.type != 'cpu'# half precision only supported by PyTorch on CUDA if pt: model.model.half() if half else model.model.float() print("模型加载完成!") return model''' ***界面初始化*** ''' def initUI(self): # 图片检测子界面 font_title = QFont('楷体', 16) font_main = QFont('楷体', 14) # 图片识别界面, 两个按钮，上传图片和显示结果 img_detection_widget = QWidget() img_detection_layout = QVBoxLayout() img_detection_title = QLabel("图片识别功能") img_detection_title.setFont(font_title) mid_img_widget = QWidget() mid_img_layout = QHBoxLayout() self.left_img = QLabel() self.right_img = QLabel() self.left_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/UI/up.jpeg")) self.right_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/UI/right.jpeg")) self.left_img.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) self.right_img.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) mid_img_layout.addWidget(self.left_img) mid_img_layout.addStretch(0) mid_img_layout.addWidget(self.right_img) mid_img_widget.setLayout(mid_img_layout) up_img_button = QPushButton("上传图片") det_img_button = QPushButton("开始检测") up_img_button.clicked.connect(self.upload_img) det_img_button.clicked.connect(self.detect_img) up_img_button.setFont(font_main) det_img_button.setFont(font_main) up_img_button.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{color:white}" "QPushButton:hover{background-color: rgb(2,110,180); }" "QPushButton{background-color:rgb(48,124,208)}" "QPushButton{border:2px}" "QPushButton{border-radius:5px}" "QPushButton{padding:5px 5px}" "QPushButton{margin:5px 5px}") det_img_button.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{color:white}" "QPushButton:hover{background-color: rgb(2,110,180); }" "QPushButton{background-color:rgb(48,124,208)}" "QPushButton{border:2px}" "QPushButton{border-radius:5px}" "QPushButton{padding:5px 5px}" "QPushButton{margin:5px 5px}") img_detection_layout.addWidget(img_detection_title, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) img_detection_layout.addWidget(mid_img_widget, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) img_detection_layout.addWidget(up_img_button) img_detection_layout.addWidget(det_img_button) img_detection_widget.setLayout(img_detection_layout)# todo 视频识别界面 # 视频识别界面的逻辑比较简单，基本就从上到下的逻辑 vid_detection_widget = QWidget() vid_detection_layout = QVBoxLayout() vid_title = QLabel("视频检测功能") vid_title.setFont(font_title) self.vid_img = QLabel() self.vid_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/UI/up.jpeg")) vid_title.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) self.vid_img.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) self.webcam_detection_btn = QPushButton("摄像头实时监测") self.mp4_detection_btn = QPushButton("视频文件检测") self.vid_stop_btn = QPushButton("停止检测") self.webcam_detection_btn.setFont(font_main) self.mp4_detection_btn.setFont(font_main) self.vid_stop_btn.setFont(font_main) self.webcam_detection_btn.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{color:white}" "QPushButton:hover{background-color: rgb(2,110,180); }" "QPushButton{background-color:rgb(48,124,208)}" "QPushButton{border:2px}" "QPushButton{border-radius:5px}" "QPushButton{padding:5px 5px}" "QPushButton{margin:5px 5px}") self.mp4_detection_btn.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{color:white}" "QPushButton:hover{background-color: rgb(2,110,180); }" "QPushButton{background-color:rgb(48,124,208)}" "QPushButton{border:2px}" "QPushButton{border-radius:5px}" "QPushButton{padding:5px 5px}" "QPushButton{margin:5px 5px}") self.vid_stop_btn.setStyleSheet("QPushButton{color:white}" "QPushButton:hover{background-color: rgb(2,110,180); }" "QPushButton{background-color:rgb(48,124,208)}" "QPushButton{border:2px}" "QPushButton{border-radius:5px}" "QPushButton{padding:5px 5px}" "QPushButton{margin:5px 5px}") self.webcam_detection_btn.clicked.connect(self.open_cam) self.mp4_detection_btn.clicked.connect(self.open_mp4) self.vid_stop_btn.clicked.connect(self.close_vid) # 添加组件到布局上 vid_detection_layout.addWidget(vid_title) vid_detection_layout.addWidget(self.vid_img) vid_detection_layout.addWidget(self.webcam_detection_btn) vid_detection_layout.addWidget(self.mp4_detection_btn) vid_detection_layout.addWidget(self.vid_stop_btn) vid_detection_widget.setLayout(vid_detection_layout)# todo 关于界面 about_widget = QWidget() about_layout = QVBoxLayout() about_title = QLabel('欢迎使用目标检测系统\n\n 提供付费指导：有需要的好兄弟加下面的QQ即可')# todo 修改欢迎词语 about_title.setFont(QFont('楷体', 18)) about_title.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) about_img = QLabel() about_img.setPixmap(QPixmap('images/UI/qq.png')) about_img.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)# label4.setText("如何调整学习率") label_super = QLabel()# todo 更换作者信息 label_super.setText("或者你可以在这里找到我-->肆十二") label_super.setFont(QFont('楷体', 16)) label_super.setOpenExternalLinks(True) # label_super.setOpenExternalLinks(True) label_super.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight) about_layout.addWidget(about_title) about_layout.addStretch() about_layout.addWidget(about_img) about_layout.addStretch() about_layout.addWidget(label_super) about_widget.setLayout(about_layout)self.left_img.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) self.addTab(img_detection_widget, '图片检测') self.addTab(vid_detection_widget, '视频检测') self.addTab(about_widget, '联系我') self.setTabIcon(0, QIcon('images/UI/lufei.png')) self.setTabIcon(1, QIcon('images/UI/lufei.png')) self.setTabIcon(2, QIcon('images/UI/lufei.png'))''' ***上传图片*** ''' def upload_img(self): # 选择录像文件进行读取 fileName, fileType = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, 'Choose file', '', '*.jpg *.png *.tif *.jpeg') if fileName: suffix = fileName.split(".")[-1] save_path = osp.join("images/tmp", "tmp_upload." + suffix) shutil.copy(fileName, save_path) # 应该调整一下图片的大小，然后统一防在一起 im0 = cv2.imread(save_path) resize_scale = self.output_size / im0.shape[0] im0 = cv2.resize(im0, (0, 0), fx=resize_scale, fy=resize_scale) cv2.imwrite("images/tmp/upload_show_result.jpg", im0) # self.right_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/tmp/single_result.jpg")) self.img2predict = fileName self.left_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/tmp/upload_show_result.jpg")) # todo 上传图片之后右侧的图片重置， self.right_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/UI/right.jpeg"))''' ***检测图片*** ''' def detect_img(self): model = self.model output_size = self.output_size source = self.img2predict# file/dir/URL/glob, 0 for webcam imgsz = 640# inference size (pixels) conf_thres = 0.25# confidence threshold iou_thres = 0.45# NMS IOU threshold max_det = 1000# maximum detections per image device = self.device# cuda device, i.e. 0 or 0,1,2,3 or cpu view_img = False# show results save_txt = False# save results to *.txt save_conf = False# save confidences in --save-txt labels save_crop = False# save cropped prediction boxes nosave = False# do not save images/videos classes = None# filter by class: --class 0, or --class 0 2 3 agnostic_nms = False# class-agnostic NMS augment = False# ugmented inference visualize = False# visualize features line_thickness = 3# bounding box thickness (pixels) hide_labels = False# hide labels hide_conf = False# hide confidences half = False# use FP16 half-precision inference dnn = False# use OpenCV DNN for ONNX inference print(source) if source == "": QMessageBox.warning(self, "请上传", "请先上传图片再进行检测") else: source = str(source) device = select_device(self.device) webcam = False stride, names, pt, jit, onnx = model.stride, model.names, model.pt, model.jit, model.onnx imgsz = check_img_size(imgsz, s=stride)# check image size save_img = not nosave and not source.endswith('.txt')# save inference images # Dataloader if webcam: view_img = check_imshow() cudnn.benchmark = True# set True to speed up constant image size inference dataset = LoadStreams(source, img_size=imgsz, stride=stride, auto=pt and not jit) bs = len(dataset)# batch_size else: dataset = LoadImages(source, img_size=imgsz, stride=stride, auto=pt and not jit) bs = 1# batch_size vid_path, vid_writer = [None] * bs, [None] * bs # Run inference if pt and device.type != 'cpu': model(torch.zeros(1, 3, *imgsz).to(device).type_as(next(model.model.parameters())))# warmup dt, seen = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], 0 for path, im, im0s, vid_cap, s in dataset: t1 = time_sync() im = torch.from_numpy(im).to(device) im = im.half() if half else im.float()# uint8 to fp16/32 im /= 255# 0 - 255 to 0.0 - 1.0 if len(im.shape) == 3: im = im[None]# expand for batch dim t2 = time_sync() dt[0] += t2 - t1 # Inference # visualize = increment_path(save_dir / Path(path).stem, mkdir=True) if visualize else False pred = model(im, augment=augment, visualize=visualize) t3 = time_sync() dt[1] += t3 - t2 # NMS pred = non_max_suppression(pred, conf_thres, iou_thres, classes, agnostic_nms, max_det=max_det) dt[2] += time_sync() - t3 # Second-stage classifier (optional) # pred = utils.general.apply_classifier(pred, classifier_model, im, im0s) # Process predictions for i, det in enumerate(pred):# per image seen += 1 if webcam:# batch_size >= 1 p, im0, frame = path[i], im0s[i].copy(), dataset.count s += f'{i}: ' else: p, im0, frame = path, im0s.copy(), getattr(dataset, 'frame', 0) p = Path(p)# to Path s += '%gx%g ' % im.shape[2:]# print string gn = torch.tensor(im0.shape)[[1, 0, 1, 0]]# normalization gain whwh imc = im0.copy() if save_crop else im0# for save_crop annotator = Annotator(im0, line_width=line_thickness, example=str(names)) if len(det): # Rescale boxes from img_size to im0 size det[:, :4] = scale_coords(im.shape[2:], det[:, :4], im0.shape).round()# Print results for c in det[:, -1].unique(): n = (det[:, -1] == c).sum()# detections per class s += f"{n} {names[int(c)]}{'s' * (n > 1)}, "# add to string# Write results for *xyxy, conf, cls in reversed(det): if save_txt:# Write to file xywh = (xyxy2xywh(torch.tensor(xyxy).view(1, 4)) / gn).view( -1).tolist()# normalized xywh line = (cls, *xywh, conf) if save_conf else (cls, *xywh)# label format # with open(txt_path + '.txt', 'a') as f: #f.write(('%g ' * len(line)).rstrip() % line + '\n')if save_img or save_crop or view_img:# Add bbox to image c = int(cls)# integer class label = None if hide_labels else (names[c] if hide_conf else f'{names[c]} {conf:.2f}') annotator.box_label(xyxy, label, color=colors(c, True)) # if save_crop: #save_one_box(xyxy, imc, file=save_dir / 'crops' / names[c] / f'{p.stem}.jpg', #BGR=True) # Print time (inference-only) LOGGER.info(f'{s}Done. ({t3 - t2:.3f}s)') # Stream results im0 = annotator.result() # if view_img: #cv2.imshow(str(p), im0) #cv2.waitKey(1)# 1 millisecond # Save results (image with detections) resize_scale = output_size / im0.shape[0] im0 = cv2.resize(im0, (0, 0), fx=resize_scale, fy=resize_scale) cv2.imwrite("images/tmp/single_result.jpg", im0) # 目前的情况来看，应该只是ubuntu下会出问题，但是在windows下是完整的，所以继续 self.right_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/tmp/single_result.jpg"))# 视频检测，逻辑基本一致，有两个功能，分别是检测摄像头的功能和检测视频文件的功能，先做检测摄像头的功能。''' ### 界面关闭事件 ### ''' def closeEvent(self, event): reply = QMessageBox.question(self, 'quit', "Are you sure?", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No) if reply == QMessageBox.Yes: self.close() event.accept() else: event.ignore()''' ### 视频关闭事件 ### '''def open_cam(self): self.webcam_detection_btn.setEnabled(False) self.mp4_detection_btn.setEnabled(False) self.vid_stop_btn.setEnabled(True) self.vid_source = '0' self.webcam = True th = threading.Thread(target=self.detect_vid) th.start()''' ### 开启视频文件检测事件 ### '''def open_mp4(self): fileName, fileType = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, 'Choose file', '', '*.mp4 *.avi') if fileName: self.webcam_detection_btn.setEnabled(False) self.mp4_detection_btn.setEnabled(False) # self.vid_stop_btn.setEnabled(True) self.vid_source = fileName self.webcam = False th = threading.Thread(target=self.detect_vid) th.start()''' ### 视频开启事件 ### '''# 视频和摄像头的主函数是一样的，不过是传入的source不同罢了 def detect_vid(self): # pass model = self.model output_size = self.output_size # source = self.img2predict# file/dir/URL/glob, 0 for webcam imgsz = 640# inference size (pixels) conf_thres = 0.25# confidence threshold iou_thres = 0.45# NMS IOU threshold max_det = 1000# maximum detections per image # device = self.device# cuda device, i.e. 0 or 0,1,2,3 or cpu view_img = False# show results save_txt = False# save results to *.txt save_conf = False# save confidences in --save-txt labels save_crop = False# save cropped prediction boxes nosave = False# do not save images/videos classes = None# filter by class: --class 0, or --class 0 2 3 agnostic_nms = False# class-agnostic NMS augment = False# ugmented inference visualize = False# visualize features line_thickness = 3# bounding box thickness (pixels) hide_labels = False# hide labels hide_conf = False# hide confidences half = False# use FP16 half-precision inference dnn = False# use OpenCV DNN for ONNX inference source = str(self.vid_source) webcam = self.webcam device = select_device(self.device) stride, names, pt, jit, onnx = model.stride, model.names, model.pt, model.jit, model.onnx imgsz = check_img_size(imgsz, s=stride)# check image size save_img = not nosave and not source.endswith('.txt')# save inference images # Dataloader if webcam: view_img = check_imshow() cudnn.benchmark = True# set True to speed up constant image size inference dataset = LoadStreams(source, img_size=imgsz, stride=stride, auto=pt and not jit) bs = len(dataset)# batch_size else: dataset = LoadImages(source, img_size=imgsz, stride=stride, auto=pt and not jit) bs = 1# batch_size vid_path, vid_writer = [None] * bs, [None] * bs # Run inference if pt and device.type != 'cpu': model(torch.zeros(1, 3, *imgsz).to(device).type_as(next(model.model.parameters())))# warmup dt, seen = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], 0 for path, im, im0s, vid_cap, s in dataset: t1 = time_sync() im = torch.from_numpy(im).to(device) im = im.half() if half else im.float()# uint8 to fp16/32 im /= 255# 0 - 255 to 0.0 - 1.0 if len(im.shape) == 3: im = im[None]# expand for batch dim t2 = time_sync() dt[0] += t2 - t1 # Inference # visualize = increment_path(save_dir / Path(path).stem, mkdir=True) if visualize else False pred = model(im, augment=augment, visualize=visualize) t3 = time_sync() dt[1] += t3 - t2 # NMS pred = non_max_suppression(pred, conf_thres, iou_thres, classes, agnostic_nms, max_det=max_det) dt[2] += time_sync() - t3 # Second-stage classifier (optional) # pred = utils.general.apply_classifier(pred, classifier_model, im, im0s) # Process predictions for i, det in enumerate(pred):# per image seen += 1 if webcam:# batch_size >= 1 p, im0, frame = path[i], im0s[i].copy(), dataset.count s += f'{i}: ' else: p, im0, frame = path, im0s.copy(), getattr(dataset, 'frame', 0) p = Path(p)# to Path # save_path = str(save_dir / p.name)# im.jpg # txt_path = str(save_dir / 'labels' / p.stem) + ( #'' if dataset.mode == 'image' else f'_{frame}')# im.txt s += '%gx%g ' % im.shape[2:]# print string gn = torch.tensor(im0.shape)[[1, 0, 1, 0]]# normalization gain whwh imc = im0.copy() if save_crop else im0# for save_crop annotator = Annotator(im0, line_width=line_thickness, example=str(names)) if len(det): # Rescale boxes from img_size to im0 size det[:, :4] = scale_coords(im.shape[2:], det[:, :4], im0.shape).round()# Print results for c in det[:, -1].unique(): n = (det[:, -1] == c).sum()# detections per class s += f"{n} {names[int(c)]}{'s' * (n > 1)}, "# add to string# Write results for *xyxy, conf, cls in reversed(det): if save_txt:# Write to file xywh = (xyxy2xywh(torch.tensor(xyxy).view(1, 4)) / gn).view( -1).tolist()# normalized xywh line = (cls, *xywh, conf) if save_conf else (cls, *xywh)# label format # with open(txt_path + '.txt', 'a') as f: #f.write(('%g ' * len(line)).rstrip() % line + '\n')if save_img or save_crop or view_img:# Add bbox to image c = int(cls)# integer class label = None if hide_labels else (names[c] if hide_conf else f'{names[c]} {conf:.2f}') annotator.box_label(xyxy, label, color=colors(c, True)) # if save_crop: #save_one_box(xyxy, imc, file=save_dir / 'crops' / names[c] / f'{p.stem}.jpg', #BGR=True) # Print time (inference-only) LOGGER.info(f'{s}Done. ({t3 - t2:.3f}s)') # Stream results # Save results (image with detections) im0 = annotator.result() frame = im0 resize_scale = output_size / frame.shape[0] frame_resized = cv2.resize(frame, (0, 0), fx=resize_scale, fy=resize_scale) cv2.imwrite("images/tmp/single_result_vid.jpg", frame_resized) self.vid_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/tmp/single_result_vid.jpg")) # self.vid_img # if view_img: # cv2.imshow(str(p), im0) # self.vid_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/tmp/single_result_vid.jpg")) # cv2.waitKey(1)# 1 millisecond if cv2.waitKey(25) & self.stopEvent.is_set() == True: self.stopEvent.clear() self.webcam_detection_btn.setEnabled(True) self.mp4_detection_btn.setEnabled(True) self.reset_vid() break # self.reset_vid()''' ### 界面重置事件 ### '''def reset_vid(self): self.webcam_detection_btn.setEnabled(True) self.mp4_detection_btn.setEnabled(True) self.vid_img.setPixmap(QPixmap("images/UI/up.jpeg")) self.vid_source = '0' self.webcam = True''' ### 视频重置事件 ### '''def close_vid(self): self.stopEvent.set() self.reset_vid()if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) mainWindow = MainWindow() mainWindow.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())

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