SpringBoot集成SFTP客户端实现文件上传下载实例
目录
- 背景
- 依赖
- 创建工具类
- SFTP链接池化
- SFTP链接池的使用
- 集成到SpringBoot中
- 配置
- java Bean注入
背景 在项目开发中,一般文件存储很少再使用SFTP服务,但是也不排除合作伙伴使用SFTP来存储项目中的文件或者通过SFTP来实现文件数据的交互。
我遇到的项目中,就有银行和保险公司等合作伙伴通过SFTP服务来实现与我们项目的文件数据的交互。
为了能够顺利地完成与友商的SFTP服务的连通,我们需要在自己的项目中实现一套SFTP客户端工具。一般我们会采用Jsch来实现SFTP客户端。
依赖
com.jcraft jsch0.1.55 org.apache.commons commons-pool22.11.1
首先我们一定要引入
jsch
依赖,这个是我们实现SFTP客户端的基石;其次我们引入了链接池工具,为了避免每次执行SFTP命令都要重新创建链接,我们使用池化的方式优化了比较消耗资源的创建操作。创建工具类 为了更好的使用SFTP工具,我们把
jsch
中关于SFTP的相关功能提炼出来,做了一次简单的封装,做成了我们可以直接使用的工具类。里面只有两类方法:
1.创建Session与开启Session;
session创建好后,还不能创建channel,需要开启session后才能创建channel;
2.创建channel与开启channel;
channel也是一样,创建好的channel需要开启后才能真正地执行命令;
public class JschUtil {/*** 创建session** @param userName用户名* @param password密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param privateKeyFile 密钥文件* @param passphrase口令* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session createSession(String userName, String password, String host, int port, String privateKeyFile, String passphrase) throws AwesomeException {return createSession(new JSch(), userName, password, host, port, privateKeyFile, passphrase); }/*** 创建session** @param jSch* @param userName用户名* @param password密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param privateKeyFile 密钥* @param passphrase口令* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session createSession(JSch jSch, String userName, String password, String host, int port, String privateKeyFile, String passphrase) throws AwesomeException {try {if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(privateKeyFile)) {// 使用密钥验证方式,密钥可以是有口令的密钥,也可以是没有口令的密钥if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(passphrase)) {jSch.addIdentity(privateKeyFile, passphrase); } else {jSch.addIdentity(privateKeyFile); }}// 获取sessionSession session = jSch.getSession(userName, host, port); if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(password)) {session.setPassword(password); }// 不校验域名session.setConfig("StrictHostKeyChecking", "no"); return session; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "create session fail"); }}/*** 创建session** @param jSch* @param userName 用户名* @param password 密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session createSession(JSch jSch, String userName, String password, String host, int port) throws AwesomeException {return createSession(jSch, userName, password, host, port, StringUtils.EMPTY, StringUtils.EMPTY); }/*** 创建session** @param jSch* @param userName 用户名* @param host域名* @param port端口* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/private Session createSession(JSch jSch, String userName, String host, int port) throws AwesomeException {return createSession(jSch, userName, StringUtils.EMPTY, host, port, StringUtils.EMPTY, StringUtils.EMPTY); }/*** 开启session链接** @param jSch* @param userName用户名* @param password密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param privateKeyFile 密钥* @param passphrase口令* @param timeout链接超时时间* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session openSession(JSch jSch, String userName, String password, String host, int port, String privateKeyFile, String passphrase, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {Session session = createSession(jSch, userName, password, host, port, privateKeyFile, passphrase); try {if (timeout >= 0) {session.connect(timeout); } else {session.connect(); }return session; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "session connect fail"); }}/*** 开启session链接** @param userName用户名* @param password密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param privateKeyFile 密钥* @param passphrase口令* @param timeout链接超时时间* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session openSession(String userName, String password, String host, int port, String privateKeyFile, String passphrase, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {Session session = createSession(userName, password, host, port, privateKeyFile, passphrase); try {if (timeout >= 0) {session.connect(timeout); } else {session.connect(); }return session; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "session connect fail"); }}/*** 开启session链接** @param jSch* @param userName 用户名* @param password 密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param timeout链接超时时间* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session openSession(JSch jSch, String userName, String password, String host, int port, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {return openSession(jSch, userName, password, host, port, StringUtils.EMPTY, StringUtils.EMPTY, timeout); }/*** 开启session链接** @param userName 用户名* @param password 密码* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param timeout链接超时时间* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session openSession(String userName, String password, String host, int port, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {return openSession(userName, password, host, port, StringUtils.EMPTY, StringUtils.EMPTY, timeout); }/*** 开启session链接** @param jSch* @param userName 用户名* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param timeout链接超时时间* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session openSession(JSch jSch, String userName, String host, int port, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {return openSession(jSch, userName, StringUtils.EMPTY, host, port, StringUtils.EMPTY, StringUtils.EMPTY, timeout); }/*** 开启session链接** @param userName 用户名* @param host域名* @param port端口* @param timeout链接超时时间* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Session openSession(String userName, String host, int port, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {return openSession(userName, StringUtils.EMPTY, host, port, StringUtils.EMPTY, StringUtils.EMPTY, timeout); }/*** 创建指定通道** @param session* @param channelType* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Channel createChannel(Session session, ChannelType channelType) throws AwesomeException {try {if (!session.isConnected()) {session.connect(); }return session.openChannel(channelType.getValue()); } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "open channel fail"); }}/*** 创建sftp通道** @param session* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static ChannelSftp createSftp(Session session) throws AwesomeException {return (ChannelSftp) createChannel(session, ChannelType.SFTP); }/*** 创建shell通道** @param session* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static ChannelShell createShell(Session session) throws AwesomeException {return (ChannelShell) createChannel(session, ChannelType.SHELL); }/*** 开启通道** @param session* @param channelType* @param timeout* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static Channel openChannel(Session session, ChannelType channelType, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {Channel channel = createChannel(session, channelType); try {if (timeout >= 0) {channel.connect(timeout); } else {channel.connect(); }return channel; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "connect channel fail"); }}/*** 开启sftp通道** @param session* @param timeout* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static ChannelSftp openSftpChannel(Session session, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {return (ChannelSftp) openChannel(session, ChannelType.SFTP, timeout); }/*** 开启shell通道** @param session* @param timeout* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public static ChannelShell openShellChannel(Session session, int timeout) throws AwesomeException {return (ChannelShell) openChannel(session, ChannelType.SHELL, timeout); }enum ChannelType {SESSION("session"),SHELL("shell"),EXEC("exec"),X11("x11"),AGENT_FORWARDING("auth-agent@openssh.com"),DIRECT_TCPIP("direct-tcpip"),FORWARDED_TCPIP("forwarded-tcpip"),SFTP("sftp"),SUBSYSTEM("subsystem"); private final String value; ChannelType(String value) {this.value = https://www.it610.com/article/value; }public String getValue() {return this.value; }}}
SFTP链接池化 我们通过实现
BasePooledObjectFactory
类来池化通道ChannelSftp
。这并不是真正池化的代码,下面的代码只是告知池化管理器如何创建对象和销毁对象。static class SftpFactory extends BasePooledObjectFactoryimplements AutoCloseable {private Session session; private SftpProperties properties; // 初始化SftpFactory// 里面主要是创建目标session,后续可用通过这个session不断地创建ChannelSftp。SftpFactory(SftpProperties properties) throws AwesomeException {this.properties = properties; String username = properties.getUsername(); String password = properties.getPassword(); String host = properties.getHost(); int port = properties.getPort(); String privateKeyFile = properties.getPrivateKeyFile(); String passphrase = properties.getPassphrase(); session = JschUtil.createSession(username, password, host, port, privateKeyFile, passphrase); }// 销毁对象,主要是销毁ChannelSftp@Overridepublic void destroyObject(PooledObject p) throws Exception {p.getObject().disconnect(); }// 创建对象ChannelSftp@Overridepublic ChannelSftp create() throws Exception {int timeout = properties.getTimeout(); return JschUtil.openSftpChannel(this.session, timeout); }// 包装创建出来的对象@Overridepublic PooledObject wrap(ChannelSftp channelSftp) {return new DefaultPooledObject<>(channelSftp); }// 验证对象是否可用@Overridepublic boolean validateObject(PooledObject p) {return p.getObject().isConnected(); }// 销毁资源,关闭session@Overridepublic void close() throws Exception {if (Objects.nonNull(session)) {if (session.isConnected()) {session.disconnect(); }session = null; }}}
为了实现真正的池化操作,我们还需要以下代码:
1.我们需要在SftpClient对象中创建一个
GenericObjectPool
对象池,这个才是真正的池子,它负责创建和存储所有的对象。2.我们还需要提供资源销毁的功能,也就是实现
AutoCloseable
,在服务停止时,需要把相关的资源销毁。public class SftpClient implements AutoCloseable {private SftpFactory sftpFactory; GenericObjectPoolobjectPool; // 构造方法1public SftpClient(SftpProperties properties, GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig) throws AwesomeException {this.sftpFactory = new SftpFactory(properties); objectPool = new GenericObjectPool<>(this.sftpFactory, poolConfig); }// 构造方法2public SftpClient(SftpProperties properties) throws AwesomeException {this.sftpFactory = new SftpFactory(properties); SftpProperties.PoolConfig config = properties.getPool(); // 默认池化配置if (Objects.isNull(config)) {objectPool = new GenericObjectPool<>(this.sftpFactory); } else {// 自定义池化配置GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig = new GenericObjectPoolConfig<>(); poolConfig.setMaxIdle(config.getMaxIdle()); poolConfig.setMaxTotal(config.getMaxTotal()); poolConfig.setMinIdle(config.getMinIdle()); poolConfig.setTestOnBorrow(config.isTestOnBorrow()); poolConfig.setTestOnCreate(config.isTestOnCreate()); poolConfig.setTestOnReturn(config.isTestOnReturn()); poolConfig.setTestWhileIdle(config.isTestWhileIdle()); poolConfig.setBlockWhenExhausted(config.isBlockWhenExhausted()); poolConfig.setMaxWait(Duration.ofMillis(config.getMaxWaitMillis())); poolConfig.setTimeBetweenEvictionRuns(Duration.ofMillis(config.getTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis())); objectPool = new GenericObjectPool<>(this.sftpFactory, poolConfig); }}// 销毁资源@Overridepublic void close() throws Exception {// 销毁链接池if (Objects.nonNull(this.objectPool)) {if (!this.objectPool.isClosed()) {this.objectPool.close(); }}this.objectPool = null; // 销毁sftpFactoryif (Objects.nonNull(this.sftpFactory)) {this.sftpFactory.close(); }}}
【SpringBoot集成SFTP客户端实现文件上传下载实例】
SFTP链接池的使用 我们已经对链接池进行了初始化,下面我们就可以从链接池中获取我们需要的
ChannelSftp
来实现文件的上传下载了。下面实现了多种文件上传和下载的方式:
1.直接把本地文件上传到SFTP服务器的指定路径;
2.把InputStream输入流提交到SFTP服务器指定路径中;
3.可以针对以上两种上传方式进行进度的监测;
4.把SFTP服务器中的指定文件下载到本地机器上;
5.把SFTP服务器˙中的文件写入指定的输出流;
6.针对以上两种下载方式,监测下载进度;
/*** 上传文件** @param srcFilePath* @param targetDir* @param targetFileName* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean uploadFile(String srcFilePath, String targetDir, String targetFileName) throws AwesomeException {return uploadFile(srcFilePath, targetDir, targetFileName, null); }/*** 上传文件** @param srcFilePath* @param targetDir* @param targetFileName* @param monitor* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean uploadFile(String srcFilePath, String targetDir, String targetFileName, SftpProgressMonitor monitor) throws AwesomeException {ChannelSftp channelSftp = null; try {// 从链接池获取对象channelSftp = this.objectPool.borrowObject(); // 如果不存在目标文件夹if (!exist(channelSftp, targetDir)) {mkdirs(channelSftp, targetDir); }channelSftp.cd(targetDir); // 上传文件if (Objects.nonNull(monitor)) {channelSftp.put(srcFilePath, targetFileName, monitor); } else {channelSftp.put(srcFilePath, targetFileName); }return true; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "upload file fail"); } finally {if (Objects.nonNull(channelSftp)) {// 返还对象给链接池this.objectPool.returnObject(channelSftp); }}}/*** 上传文件到目标文件夹** @param in* @param targetDir* @param targetFileName* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean uploadFile(InputStream in, String targetDir, String targetFileName) throws AwesomeException {return uploadFile(in, targetDir, targetFileName, null); }/*** 上传文件,添加进度监视器** @param in* @param targetDir* @param targetFileName* @param monitor* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean uploadFile(InputStream in, String targetDir, String targetFileName, SftpProgressMonitor monitor) throws AwesomeException {ChannelSftp channelSftp = null; try {channelSftp = this.objectPool.borrowObject(); // 如果不存在目标文件夹if (!exist(channelSftp, targetDir)) {mkdirs(channelSftp, targetDir); }channelSftp.cd(targetDir); if (Objects.nonNull(monitor)) {channelSftp.put(in, targetFileName, monitor); } else {channelSftp.put(in, targetFileName); }return true; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "upload file fail"); } finally {if (Objects.nonNull(channelSftp)) {this.objectPool.returnObject(channelSftp); }}}/*** 下载文件** @param remoteFile* @param targetFilePath* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean downloadFile(String remoteFile, String targetFilePath) throws AwesomeException {return downloadFile(remoteFile, targetFilePath, null); }/*** 下载目标文件到本地** @param remoteFile* @param targetFilePath* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean downloadFile(String remoteFile, String targetFilePath, SftpProgressMonitor monitor) throws AwesomeException {ChannelSftp channelSftp = null; try {channelSftp = this.objectPool.borrowObject(); // 如果不存在目标文件夹if (!exist(channelSftp, remoteFile)) {// 不用下载了return false; }File targetFile = new File(targetFilePath); try (FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(targetFile)) {if (Objects.nonNull(monitor)) {channelSftp.get(remoteFile, outputStream, monitor); } else {channelSftp.get(remoteFile, outputStream); }}return true; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "upload file fail"); } finally {if (Objects.nonNull(channelSftp)) {this.objectPool.returnObject(channelSftp); }}}/*** 下载文件** @param remoteFile* @param outputStream* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean downloadFile(String remoteFile, OutputStream outputStream) throws AwesomeException {return downloadFile(remoteFile, outputStream, null); }/*** 下载文件** @param remoteFile* @param outputStream* @param monitor* @return* @throws AwesomeException*/public boolean downloadFile(String remoteFile, OutputStream outputStream, SftpProgressMonitor monitor) throws AwesomeException {ChannelSftp channelSftp = null; try {channelSftp = this.objectPool.borrowObject(); // 如果不存在目标文件夹if (!exist(channelSftp, remoteFile)) {// 不用下载了return false; }if (Objects.nonNull(monitor)) {channelSftp.get(remoteFile, outputStream, monitor); } else {channelSftp.get(remoteFile, outputStream); }return true; } catch (Exception e) {throw new AwesomeException(500, "upload file fail"); } finally {if (Objects.nonNull(channelSftp)) {this.objectPool.returnObject(channelSftp); }}}/*** 创建文件夹** @param channelSftp* @param dir* @return*/protected boolean mkdirs(ChannelSftp channelSftp, String dir) {try {String pwd = channelSftp.pwd(); if (StringUtils.contains(pwd, dir)) {return true; }String relativePath = StringUtils.substringAfter(dir, pwd); String[] dirs = StringUtils.splitByWholeSeparatorPreserveAllTokens(relativePath, "/"); for (String path : dirs) {if (StringUtils.isBlank(path)) {continue; }try {channelSftp.cd(path); } catch (SftpException e) {channelSftp.mkdir(path); channelSftp.cd(path); }}return true; } catch (Exception e) {return false; }}/*** 判断文件夹是否存在** @param channelSftp* @param dir* @return*/protected boolean exist(ChannelSftp channelSftp, String dir) {try {channelSftp.lstat(dir); return true; } catch (Exception e) {return false; }}
集成到SpringBoot中 我们可以通过
java config
的方式,把我们已经实现好的SftpClient
类实例化到Spring IOC
容器中来管理,以便让开发人员在整个项目中通过@Autowired
的方式就可以直接使用。配置
import lombok.Data; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * @author zouwei * @className SftpProperties * @date: 2022/8/19 下午12:12 * @description: */@Data@Configuration@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sftp.config")public class SftpProperties {// 用户名private String username; // 密码private String password; // 主机名private String host; // 端口private int port; // 密钥private String privateKeyFile; // 口令private String passphrase; // 通道链接超时时间private int timeout; // 链接池配置private PoolConfig pool; @Datapublic static class PoolConfig {//最大空闲实例数,空闲超过此值将会被销毁淘汰private int maxIdle; // 最小空闲实例数,对象池将至少保留2个空闲对象private int minIdle; //最大对象数量,包含借出去的和空闲的private int maxTotal; //对象池满了,是否阻塞获取(false则借不到直接抛异常)private boolean blockWhenExhausted; // BlockWhenExhausted为true时生效,对象池满了阻塞获取超时,不设置则阻塞获取不超时,也可在borrowObject方法传递第二个参数指定本次的超时时间private long maxWaitMillis; // 创建对象后是否验证对象,调用objectFactory#validateObjectprivate boolean testOnCreate; // 借用对象后是否验证对象 validateObjectprivate boolean testOnBorrow; // 归还对象后是否验证对象 validateObjectprivate boolean testOnReturn; // 定时检查期间是否验证对象 validateObjectprivate boolean testWhileIdle; //定时检查淘汰多余的对象, 启用单独的线程处理private long timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis; //jmx监控,和springboot自带的jmx冲突,可以选择关闭此配置或关闭springboot的jmx配置private boolean jmxEnabled; }}
java Bean注入
import com.example.awesomespring.exception.AwesomeException; import com.example.awesomespring.sftp.SftpClient; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * @author zouwei * @className SftpConfig * @date: 2022/8/19 下午12:12 * @description: */@Configurationpublic class SftpConfig {@Autowiredprivate SftpProperties properties; // 创建SftpClient对象@Bean(destroyMethod = "close")@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "sftp.config")public SftpClient sftpClient() throws AwesomeException {return new SftpClient(properties); }}
通过以上代码,我们就可以在项目的任何地方直接使用SFTP客户端来上传和下载文件了。
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