java|安鸾渗透实战平台综合渗透——SQL注入进阶渗透流程

本次实验的环境由安鸾渗透实战平台搭建
目标是渗透进网站拿到flag
提示flag在服务器根目录
出于学习目的,由于本人也是小白,错误的地方望指点
参考资料:
Call-time pass-by-reference has been removed_xubin.nic的博客-CSDN博客
Mysql udf提权(Linux平台)_ProjectDer的博客-CSDN博客_linux udf提权
准备工作
实验环境:http://106.15.50.112:8023/
渗透工具使用:
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「jjpsb」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/jjpsb/article/details/123844727


渗透流程
此次实验的网站环境比较简单,对网站页面进行粗略的浏览,就可以轻松找到sql注入点,此外也没有找到其他可以渗透点java|安鸾渗透实战平台综合渗透——SQL注入进阶渗透流程
文章图片

使用dirsearch扫了一遍发现一些值得关注的目录java|安鸾渗透实战平台综合渗透——SQL注入进阶渗透流程
文章图片


  1. Burpsuite
  2. Sqlmap
  3. 蚁剑(中国菜刀) 实验目的:
  4. 获得webshell
  5. 获得flag
  6. 信息收集:
开始渗透
1.使用sqlmap或手工内联注入就可以轻松获取数据库信息

2.直接尝试使用sqlmap写入webshell,发现没有目录可以匹配,初步判断该网站的搭建默认目录文件夹并不是/var/www/html
使用sqlmap的--read=file功能 (原理和sql语句中的select...load file() 一样)简单粗暴的读取apache配置文件
--read=file "/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf"
sqlmap读取后,会显示文件的保存地址
点开查找 document,果然发现网站根目录为

3.再次尝试sqlmap写入webshell,指定目录后依然无法写入,判断为权限不足,dirsearch就派上了用场,经过尝试后,发现/var/www/html/whalwl/images 可以正常写入shell
4.sqlmap里的shell使用起来不太方便,可以echo一个菜刀码,或在网站上直接使用内联注入 into outfile 写入菜刀码(本人比较菜,只会这么笨的方法)。

5.使用菜刀连接后,很轻松就能在根目录找到flag,当你以为这题就这么就结束,那就too young too simple了,这题的考点才刚刚开始。
点开flag没有任何显示,使用命令行查看权限,发现flag权限为400,所有者为mysql。既然所有者为mysql,那么再次用上sqlmap的file-read 进行访问,可返回值为空(具体原因不清楚,望高人指点)
由于webshell是以apache的身份在服务器内部进行访问,自然也就无法访问这个flag文件。
6. 由于mysql默认没有像php那样的系统函数,但是mysql支持udf扩展,可以在mysql内部新建一个系统函数,这样就可以以mysql的身份访问服务器的内部,突破服务器本身对apache的权限限制,这个操作简称UDF提权。
具体步骤:
6.1 查看是否有读取文件权限:
数据库查询
【java|安鸾渗透实战平台综合渗透——SQL注入进阶渗透流程】show global variables like 'secure%';
结果secure_file_priv值为空的话,证明mysql配置文件my.ini中并没有对mysql读取文件进行限制,具备udf提权的条件

6.2查看plugin目录位置:
数据库查询
show variables like 'plugin%'
; 查看plugin(插件)目录的存放位置
6.3查看是否有人导入过系统函数:
由于是公开的实验靶场,可能前人已踏足先登,并没有抹除痕迹,导致自己进行操作的时候会提示失败
select * from mysql.func
没有sys_eval或sys_exec 证明目前没有人导入系统函数,如果有就删掉
6.4通过sql语句写入运行系统函数的执行程序:
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into dumpfile '/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysqludf.so';
或直接将现成的udf.dll文件拖到/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin内,一样也可以使用
在pulgin目录下就会生成一个新的.so文件

6.5创建系统函数:
(函数名可以为sys_eval或sys_exec)并与执行程序mysqludf.so进行连接
create function sys_eval returns string soname 'mysqludf.so'
再次查看mysql.func表内已经添加了sys_eval函数
6.6使用sys_eval函数:
sys_eval函数与php中的system,eval函数类似,据体执行方法就不赘述了,whoami查看身份为mysql,这时就可以以mysql的身份对服务器内部进行访问了。
成功拿到flag
6.7删除sys_eval:
drop function sys_eval;
养成良好的习惯,后台痕迹及时删除,也可以防止后面做题的学员无法连接
实验结论:
此次实验主题虽为SQL注入,但实则考验的是UDF提权的操作,sql注入点十分容易找到,但对新手来说除了拿到数据库的信息,就无法再进行下一步的操作了。
所以对webshell的原理以及权限,还有访问权限要有十分清晰的概念,为什么有的目录可以写入shell,有的却不行,有的文件可以查看,有的却不能查看。
从此次实验也可以看出:
对目录权限进行严格的管理,有助于安全加固。
mysql配置中应该对插件扩展进行限制,防止写入后门。
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「jjpsb」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/jjpsb/article/details/123844727

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