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C语言|C语言 学生信息增删改查
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define LEN sizeof(struct student)typedef struct student
{
long int StudentID;
//学号
int age;
//年龄
int enrolment;
//入学年份
char sex[3];
//性别
char name[10];
//姓名
char major[10];
//专业
char tell[15];
//电话号码
char nation[10];
//民族
char province[10];
//省份
char birthday[15];
//出生年月
char IDnumber[20];
//身份证号
struct student *next;
}node;
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
COORD coord = {x, y};
/*COORD是Windows API中定义的一种结构，表示一个字符在控制台屏幕上的坐标。其定义为：
typedef struct _COORD {
SHORT X;
// horizontal coordinate
SHORT Y;
// vertical coordinate
} COORD;
*/
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}void menu(node *head) //菜单
{
void display(node *head);
void input(node *head);
void outputall(node *head);
node *subtruct(node *head);
node *change(node *head);
int a;
gotoxy(47,4);
printf("欢迎来到学生信息管理系统！\n");
gotoxy(38,6);
printf("|----------------------------------------|\n");
gotoxy(38,7);
printf("|--------- 1、输出指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
gotoxy(38,8);
printf("|--------- 2、增加指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
gotoxy(38,9);
printf("|--------- 3、删除指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
gotoxy(38,10);
printf("|--------- 4、改动指定学生信息 ----------|\n");
gotoxy(38,11);
printf("|--------- 5、输出所有学生信息 ----------|\n");
gotoxy(38,12);
printf("|----------------------------------------|\n");
gotoxy(38,14);
printf("请选择操作：\n");
gotoxy(50,14);
scanf("%d",&a);
if(a<1||a>5)
{
gotoxy(38,16);
printf("请重新输入！\n");
gotoxy(50,16);
scanf("%d",&a);
}
system("cls");
switch(a)
{
case 1: display(head);
break;
case 2: input(head);
break;
case 3: subtruct(head);
break;
case 4: change(head);
break;
case 5: outputall(head);
break;
}
}node *init() //初始化链表
{
node *head;
head=(node *)malloc(LEN);
head->next=NULL;
return head;
}void save(node *head) //将链表中的信息存入磁盘
{
node *p;
p=head->next;
FILE *rf;
if((rf=fopen("xuesheng.txt","w+"))==NULL)
printf("不能打开文件！\n");
else
while(p)
{
fwrite(p,sizeof(student),1,rf);
p=p->next;
}
fclose(rf);
}void input(node *head) //按照学号顺序增加学生信息
{
int number,a;
node *p,*s,*pre;
pre=head;
s=head->next;
gotoxy(20,2);
printf("增加人数:");
gotoxy(30,2);
scanf("%d",&number);
for(int i=0;
iname,&p->age,p->sex,p->nation);
gotoxy(20,8);
printf("出生年月,籍贯(1997.7.23 山西省):\n");
gotoxy(20,10);
scanf("%s%s",p->birthday,p->province);
gotoxy(20,12);
printf("身份账号:\n");
gotoxy(20,14);
scanf("%s",p->IDnumber);
gotoxy(20,16);
printf("电话号码:\n");
gotoxy(20,18);
scanf("%s",p->tell);
gotoxy(20,20);
printf("入学年份,专业,学号(2015 计算机 1507064101):\n");
gotoxy(20,22);
scanf("%d%s%ld",&p->enrolment,p->major,&p->StudentID);
p->next=NULL;
if(!s)
head->next=p;
else
{
while(s&&(p->StudentID>s->StudentID))
{
pre=s;
s=s->next;
}
if(s)
{
pre->next=p;
p->next=s;
}
else
pre->next=p;
system("cls");
}
}
save(head);
gotoxy(20,2);
printf("还要继续添加吗(1要0不要)?\n");
gotoxy(20,4);
scanf("%d",&a);
system("cls");
if(a==1)input(head);
if(a==0)menu(head);
}void output(node *head,long int StudentID0) //输出指定学号的学生信息
{
node *p;
p=head->next;
while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
p=p->next;
gotoxy(20,2);
printf("学号为 %ld 的学生所有信息:\n",p->StudentID);
gotoxy(20,4);
printf("%s\n","姓名,年龄,性别,民族:");
gotoxy(20,6);
printf("%-10s%-5d%-5s%-5s\n",p->name,p->age,p->sex,p->nation);
gotoxy(20,8);
printf("%s\n","出生年月,籍贯:");
gotoxy(20,10);
printf("%-15s%-10s\n",p->birthday,p->province);
gotoxy(20,12);
printf("%s\n","身份证号:");
gotoxy(35,12);
printf("%-20s\n",p->IDnumber);
gotoxy(20,14);
printf("%s\n","电话号码:");
gotoxy(35,14);
printf("%-20s\n",p->tell);
gotoxy(20,16);
printf("%s\n","入学年份,专业,学号:");
gotoxy(20,18);
printf("%-10d%-20s%-20ld\n",p->enrolment,p->major,p->StudentID);
p=p->next;
gotoxy(20,20);
printf("按任意键继续!\n");
getch();
}void outputall(node *head) //输出所有学生信息
{
node *write(node *head);
head=write(head);
node *p;
p=head->next;
if(!(head->next))
{
gotoxy(38,4);
printf("学生信息为空！按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
getch();
}
else
{
while(p)
{
printf("学号为 %ld 的学生所有信息:\n\n",p->StudentID);
printf("%s\n\n","姓名,年龄,性别,民族:");
printf("%-10s%-5d%-5s%-5s\n\n",p->name,p->age,p->sex,p->nation);
printf("%s\n\n","出生年月,籍贯:");
printf("%-15s%-10s\n\n",p->birthday,p->province);
printf("%s\n\n","身份证号:");
printf("%-20s\n\n",p->IDnumber);
printf("%s\n\n","电话号码:");
printf("%-20s\n\n",p->tell);
printf("%s\n\n","入学年份,专业,学号:");
printf("%-10d%-20s%-20ld\n\n",p->enrolment,p->major,p->StudentID);
p=p->next;
}
printf("按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
}
getch();
system("cls");
menu(head);
}void display(node *head) //查询指定学生信息
{
int a;
node *p;
long int StudentID0;
if(!(head->next))
{
gotoxy(38,4);
printf("学生信息为空！按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
getch();
}
else
{
gotoxy(20,2);
printf("请输入要查询学生的学号:\n");
gotoxy(20,4);
scanf("%ld",&StudentID0);
p=head->next;
while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
p=p->next;
if(p==NULL)
{
gotoxy(20,6);
printf("没有这位同学的信息，是否要录入？(1是0否):");
gotoxy(65,6);
scanf("%d",&a);
system("cls");
if(a==1)input(head);
if(a==0)menu(head);
}
else
{
system("cls");
output(head,StudentID0);
}
}
system("cls");
menu(head);
}void subtruct(node *head) //删除指定学生信息
{
int a;
node *p,*pre;
long int StudentID0;
gotoxy(20,2);
printf("请输入要删除学生的学号:\n");
gotoxy(20,4);
scanf("%ld",&StudentID0);
p=head->next;
pre=head;
while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
{
pre=p;
p=p->next;
}
if(p==NULL)
{
gotoxy(20,6);
printf("没有这位同学的信息!按任意键返回主菜单!\n");
getch();
system("cls");
menu(head);
}
else
{
system("cls");
output(head,StudentID0);
system("cls");
gotoxy(20,2);
printf("是否确认删除？(1是0否):");
gotoxy(50,2);
scanf("%d",&a);
pre->next=p->next;
p->next=NULL;
save(head);
gotoxy(20,4);
printf("删除成功！按任意键返回主菜单！\n");
free(p);
getch();
}
system("cls");
menu(head);
}node *change(node *head) //改变指定学生信息
{
long int StudentID0;
char info[20];
node *p;
int d,a;
long int ld;
char char0[20];
p=head->next;
printf("请输入要改动的学生学号:\n");
scanf("%ld",&StudentID0);
output(head,StudentID0);
while(p&&p->StudentID!=StudentID0)
p=p->next;
printf("请输入改动项目:\n");
scanf("%s",info);
if(strcmp("姓名",info)==0)a=1;
if(strcmp("年龄",info)==0)a=2;
if(strcmp("性别",info)==0)a=3;
if(strcmp("民族",info)==0)a=4;
if(strcmp("籍贯",info)==0)a=5;
if(strcmp("专业",info)==0)a=6;
if(strcmp("学号",info)==0)a=7;
if(strcmp("出生年月",info)==0)a=8;
if(strcmp("身份证号",info)==0)a=9;
if(strcmp("电话号码",info)==0)a=10;
if(strcmp("入学年份",info)==0)a=11;
printf("请输入改动内容:\n");
switch(a)
{
case 1: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->name,char0);
break;
case 2: scanf("%d",&d);
p->age=d;
break;
case 3: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->sex,char0);
break;
case 4: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->nation,char0);
break;
case 5: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->province,char0);
break;
case 6: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->major,char0);
break;
case 7: scanf("%ld",&ld);
p->StudentID=ld;
break;
case 8: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->birthday,char0);
break;
case 9: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->IDnumber,char0);
break;
case 10: scanf("%s",char0);
strcpy(p->tell,char0);
break;
case 11: scanf("%d",&d);
p->enrolment=d;
break;
}
printf("是否继续改动？(1是0否)：");
scanf("%d",&a);
if(a==1){system("cls");
head=change(head);
}
printf("改动成功！按任意键查看该生信息！\n");
getch();
system("cls");
save(head);
output(head,StudentID0);
system("cls");
menu(head);
return head;
}node *write(node *head) //从磁盘读入信息并形成单链表
{
node *p,*s,stu;
p=head;
FILE *rf;
if((rf=fopen("xuesheng.txt","r+"))==NULL)
printf("不能打开文件！\n");
else
{
while(fread(&stu,sizeof(node),1,rf)!=0)
{
s=(node *)malloc(LEN);
s->age=stu.age;
s->enrolment=stu.enrolment;
s->StudentID=stu.StudentID;
strcpy(s->birthday,stu.birthday);
strcpy(s->IDnumber,stu.IDnumber);
strcpy(s->major,stu.major);
strcpy(s->name,stu.name);
strcpy(s->nation,stu.nation);
strcpy(s->province,stu.province);
strcpy(s->sex,stu.sex);
strcpy(s->tell,stu.tell);
s->next=NULL;
p->next=s;
p=s;
}
}
fclose(rf);
return head;
}int main()
{
system("color F5");
node *head;
head=init();
head=write(head);
menu(head);
return 0;
}
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