Java网络编程之入门篇 Java网络编程之入门篇

一、网络基础
二、网络协议
URL类

一、网络基础

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二、网络协议

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实现TCP的网络编程例子1：客户端发送信息给服务端，服务端将数据显示在控制台上public class TCPTest1 {//客户端@Testpublic void client() {Socket socket = null; OutputStream os = null; try {//1.创建Socket对象，指明服务器端的ip和端口号InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"); socket = new Socket(inet, 8899); //2.获取一个输出流，用于输出数据os = socket.getOutputStream(); //3.写出数据的操作os.write("你好，我是客户端mm".getBytes()); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); } finally {//4.资源的关闭if(os != null){try {os.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}if(socket != null){try {socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}} }//服务端@Testpublic void server(){ServerSocket ss = null; Socket socket = null; InputStream is = null; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; try {//1.创建服务器的ServerSocket,指明自己的端口号ss = new ServerSocket(8899); //2.调用accept()表示接收来自于客户端的socketsocket = ss.accept(); //3.获取输入流is = socket.getInputStream(); //不建议这样写，可能会有乱码//byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; //int len; //while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){//String str = new String(buffer,0,len); //System.out.println(str); //}//4.读取输入流中的数据baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[5]; int len; while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){baos.write(buffer,0,len); }System.out.println(baos.toString()); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); } finally {//5.关闭资源if(baos != null){try {baos.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}if(is != null){try {is.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}if(socket != null){try {socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}if(ss != null){try {ss.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}}}}

实现TCP的网络编程例题2：客户端发送文件给服务端，服务端将文件保存在本地。public class TCPTest2 {//这里异常处理的方式应该使用try-catch-finally@Testpublic void client() throws IOException {Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9090); OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("beauty.jpg")); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1){os.write(buffer,0,len); }fis.close(); os.close(); socket.close(); }//这里异常处理的方式应该使用try-catch-finally@Testpublic void server() throws IOException {ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9090); Socket socket = ss.accept(); InputStream is = socket.getInputStream(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("beauty1.jpg")); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){fos.write(buffer,0,len); }fos.close(); is.close(); socket.close(); ss.close(); }}

实现TCP的网络编程例题3：从客户端发送文件给服务端，服务端保存到本地，并返回"发送成功"给客户端。并关闭相应的连接 public class TCPTest3 {@Testpublic void client() throws IOException {Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9090); OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("beauty.jpg")); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1){os.write(buffer,0,len); }//服务区端给予客户端反馈OutputStream os1 = socket.getOutputStream(); os.write("你好，美女，照片我以收到，非常漂亮！".getBytes()); fis.close(); os.close(); socket.close(); os1.close(); }//这里异常处理的方式应该使用try-catch-finally@Testpublic void server() throws IOException {ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9090); Socket socket = ss.accept(); InputStream is = socket.getInputStream(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("beauty2.jpg")); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){fos.write(buffer,0,len); }//接受来自于服务器端的数据，并显示到控制台上InputStream is1 = socket.getInputStream(); ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] bufferr = new byte[20]; int len1; while((len1 = is1.read(buffer)) != -1){baos.write(buffer,0,len1); }System.out.println(baos.toString()); fos.close(); is.close(); socket.close(); ss.close(); baos.close(); }}

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UDP协议的网络编程public class UDPTest {@Testpublic void sender() throws IOException {DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(); String str = "我是UDP方式发送的导弹"; byte[] data = https://www.it610.com/article/str.getBytes(); InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,0,data.length,inet,9090); socket.send(packet); socket.close(); }@Testpublic void receiver() throws IOException {DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090); byte[] buffer = new byte[100]; DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length); socket.receive(packet); System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength())); }

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URL类

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URL网络编程1.URL:统一资源定位符，对应着互联网的某一资源地址2.格式：http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom协议主机名端口号资源地址参数列表 public class URLTest {public static void main(String[] args) {try {URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom"); //public String getProtocol()获取该URL的协议名System.out.println(url.getProtocol()); // http//public String getHost()获取该URL的主机名System.out.println(url.getHost()); //localhost//public String getPort()获取该URL的端口号System.out.println(url.getPort()); // 8080//public String getPath()获取该URL的文件路径System.out.println(url.getPath()); //examples/beauty.jpg//public String getFile()获取该URL的文件名System.out.println(url.getFile()); //examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom//public String getQuery()获取该URL的查询名System.out.println(url.getQuery()); //username=Tom} catch (MalformedURLException e) {e.printStackTrace(); }}}

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