C++实现LeetCode(21.混合插入有序链表)

[LeetCode] 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists 混合插入有序链表 Merge two sorted linked lists and return it as a new list. The new list should be made by splicing together the nodes of the first two lists.
Example:

Input: 1->2->4, 1->3->4
Output: 1->1->2->3->4->4
这道混合插入有序链表和我之前那篇混合插入有序数组非常的相似 Merge Sorted Array,仅仅是数据结构由数组换成了链表而已,代码写起来反而更简洁。具体思想就是新建一个链表,然后比较两个链表中的元素值,把较小的那个链到新链表中,由于两个输入链表的长度可能不同,所以最终会有一个链表先完成插入所有元素,则直接另一个未完成的链表直接链入新链表的末尾。代码如下:
C++ 解法一:
class Solution {public:ListNode* mergeTwoLists(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1), *cur = dummy; while (l1 && l2) {if (l1->val < l2->val) {cur->next = l1; l1 = l1->next; } else {cur->next = l2; l2 = l2->next; }cur = cur->next; }cur->next = l1 ? l1 : l2; return dummy->next; }};

Java 解法一:
public class Solution {public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {ListNode dummy = new ListNode(-1), cur = dummy; while (l1 != null && l2 != null) {if (l1.val < l2.val) {cur.next = l1; l1 = l1.next; } else {cur.next = l2; l2 = l2.next; }cur = cur.next; }cur.next = (l1 != null) ? l1 : l2; return dummy.next; }}

下面我们来看递归的写法,当某个链表为空了,就返回另一个。然后核心还是比较当前两个节点值大小,如果 l1 的小,那么对于 l1 的下一个节点和 l2 调用递归函数,将返回值赋值给 l1.next,然后返回 l1;否则就对于 l2 的下一个节点和 l1 调用递归函数,将返回值赋值给 l2.next,然后返回 l2,参见代码如下:
C++ 解法二:
class Solution {public:ListNode* mergeTwoLists(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {if (!l1) return l2; if (!l2) return l1; if (l1->val < l2->val) {l1->next = mergeTwoLists(l1->next, l2); return l1; } else {l2->next = mergeTwoLists(l1, l2->next); return l2; }}};

Java 解法二:
public class Solution {public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {if (l1 == null) return l2; if (l2 == null) return l1; if (l1.val < l2.val) {l1.next = mergeTwoLists(l1.next, l2); return l1; } else {l2.next = mergeTwoLists(l1, l2.next); return l2; }}}

下面这种递归的写法去掉了 if 从句,看起来更加简洁一些,但是思路并没有什么不同:
C++ 解法三:
class Solution {public:ListNode* mergeTwoLists(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {if (!l1) return l2; if (!l2) return l1; ListNode *head = l1->val < l2->val ? l1 : l2; ListNode *nonhead = l1->val < l2->val ? l2 : l1; head->next = mergeTwoLists(head->next, nonhead); return head; }};

Java 解法三:
public class Solution {public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {if (l1 == null) return l2; if (l2 == null) return l1; ListNode head = (l1.val < l2.val) ? l1 : l2; ListNode nonhead = (l1.val < l2.val) ? l2 : l1; head.next = mergeTwoLists(head.next, nonhead); return head; }}

我们还可以三行搞定,简直丧心病狂有木有!
C++ 解法四:
class Solution {public:ListNode* mergeTwoLists(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {if (!l1 || (l2 && l1->val > l2->val)) swap(l1, l2); if (l1) l1->next = mergeTwoLists(l1->next, l2); return l1; }};

Java 解法四:
public class Solution {public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {if (l1 == null || (l2 != null && l1.val > l2.val)) {ListNode t = l1; l1 = l2; l2 = t; }if (l1 != null) l1.next = mergeTwoLists(l1.next, l2); return l1; }}

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