与天地兮比寿,与日月兮齐光。这篇文章主要讲述Android.mk解析相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
android.mk文件用来向编译系统描述如何编译你的源代码。在编译整个工程的情况下,系统所找到的所有的Android.mk将会先存入subdir_makefiles变量中,随后一次性一次性include进整个编译文件中。
(1)Android.mk文件首先需要指定LOCAL_PATH变量,用于查找源文件。
由于一般情况下Android.mk和需要编译的源文件在同一目录下,所以定义成如下形式:
LOCAL_PATH:=$(call my-dir)
上面的语句的意思是将LOCAL_PATH变量定义成本文件所在目录路径。 (2)Android.mk中可以定义多个编译模块,每个编译模块都是以include $(CLEAR_VARS)开始以include $(BUILD_XXX)结束。①include $(CLEAR_VARS) CLEAR_VARS的定义在build/core/clear_vars.mk中,它清除了上百个除LOCAL_PATH外的变量,因而LOCAL_PATH通常被认为是一个编译模块的开始标志。 ②include $(BUILD_XXX) 这个是Android.mk的重点,它表示将源码编译成什么目标文件,如动态库、可执行程序、APK等,它一般被认为是一个编译模块的结束标志。 (3)编译一个应用程序(APK)
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) # Build all java files in the java subdirectory LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) # Name of the APK to build LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage # Tell it to build an APK include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
(4)编译一个依赖于静态Java库(static.jar)的应用程序
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) # List of static libraries to include in the package LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES := static-library # Build all java files in the java subdirectory LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) # Name of the APK to build LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage # Tell it to build an APK include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
(5)编译一个需要用平台的key签名的应用程序
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) # Build all java files in the java subdirectory LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) # Name of the APK to build LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := platform # Tell it to build an APK include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
(6)编译一个需要用特定key前面的应用程序
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) # Build all java files in the java subdirectory LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) # Name of the APK to build LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := vendor/example/certs/app # Tell it to build an APK include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
(7)添加一个预编译应用程序
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) # Module name should match apk name to be installed. LOCAL_MODULE := LocalModuleName LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(LOCAL_MODULE).apk LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := APPS LOCAL_MODULE_SUFFIX := $(COMMON_ANDROID_PACKAGE_SUFFIX) include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)
(8)添加一个静态JAVA库
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) # Build all java files in the java subdirectory LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) # Any libraries that this library depends on LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := android.test.runner # The name of the jar file to create LOCAL_MODULE := sample # Build a static jar file. include $(BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY)
(9)编译生成可执行文件
LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)include $(CLEAR_VARS)LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optionalLOCAL_C_INCLUDES += \ $(LOCAL_PATH)LOCAL_SRC_FILES:= \ gpio-server.cLOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \ libcurl \ libcutilsLOCAL_MODULE:= gpio-serverinclude $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
(10)编译生成动态库
LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS)LOCAL_SRC_FILES:= \ com_android_server_AlarmManagerService.cpp \ com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp \ com_android_server_InputApplicationHandle.cpp \ com_android_server_InputManager.cpp \ com_android_server_InputWindowHandle.cpp \ com_android_server_LightsService.cpp \ com_android_server_PowerManagerService.cpp \ com_android_server_SystemServer.cpp \ com_android_server_UsbDeviceManager.cpp \ com_android_server_UsbHostManager.cpp \ com_android_server_VibratorService.cpp \ com_android_server_location_GpsLocationProvider.cpp \ com_android_server_connectivity_Vpn.cpp \ com_android_server_ConnectivityService.cpp \ onload.cppLOCAL_C_INCLUDES += \ $(JNI_H_INCLUDE) \ frameworks/base/services \ frameworks/base/core/jni \ external/skia/include/coreLOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \ libandroid_runtime \ libcutils \ libhardware \ libhardware_legacy \ libnativehelper \ libsystem_server \ libutils \ libui \ libinput \ libskia \ libgui \ libusbhostifeq ($(WITH_MALLOC_LEAK_CHECK),true) LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DMALLOC_LEAK_CHECK endifLOCAL_MODULE:= libandroid_serversinclude $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
【Android.mk解析】
(11)通过Android.mk添加一个编译模块到系统中的顺序如下
①LOCAL_PATH ②CLEAR_VARS ③LOCAL_SRC_FILES ④LOCAL_CFLAGS(可选) ⑤LOCAL_MODULE ⑥LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES(可选) ⑦BUILD_XXX (12)Android.mk常用的变量
变量名 | 说明 |
LOCAL_PATH | 用于确定源码所在的目录,最好把它放在CLEAR_VARS变量引用的前面,因为它不会被清除,每个Android.mk只需要定义 一次即可。 |
CLEAR_VARS | 它清空了很多以LOCAL_开头的变量(LOCAL_PATH除外)。由于所有的MakeFile都是在一个编译环境下执行的,因此 变量的定义理论上是全局的,在每个模块编译开始前进行清理工作是必要的。 |
LOCAL_MODULE | 模块名,需保证在整个编译系统中是唯一存在的,而且中间不可以有空格 |
LOCAL_MODULE_PATH | 模块的输出路径 |
LOCAL_SRC_FILES | 模块编译过程中涉及到的源文件。如果是JAVA程序,可以考虑调用all-subdir-java-files来一次性添加目录(包括子目录)下所有的java文件 因为有LOCAL_PATH,这里只需要给出文件名(相对路径)即可;而且编译系统有比较强的推导功能,可以自动计算依赖关系。 |
LOCAL_CC | 用于指定C编译器 |
LOCAL_CXX | 用于指定C++编译器 |
LOCAL_CPP_EXTENSION | 用于指定特殊的C++文件后缀名 |
LOCAL_CFLAGS | C语言编译时的额外选项 |
LOCAL_CXXFLAGS | C++语言编译时的额外选项 |
LOCAL_C_INCLUDE | 编译C和C++程序所需要的额外头文件 |
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES | 编译所需的静态库列表 |
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES | 编译时所需要的动态库列表 |
LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES | 编译时所需要的JAVA类库 |
LOCAL_LDLIBS | 编译时所需要的链接选项 |
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS | 安装应用程序时所需要复制的头文件列表,需要和LOCAL_COPY_HEARERS_TO变量配合使用 |
LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS | 标识所编译模块最后放置的位置。ETC表示放置在/system/etc.目录下,APPS表示放置在/system/app目录下,SHARED_LIBRARIES表示放置在/system/lib目录下。如果具体指定,则编译的模块不会放到编译系统中,最后会在out对应product的obj目录下的对应目录中。 |
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS | 当前模块所包含的标签,一个模块可以包含多个标签。标签的值可能是eng、user、debug、development、optional。其中,optional是默认标签。 |
LOCAL_DEX_PREOPT | apk的odex优化开关,默认是false |
$(call my-dir) | 获取当前文件夹的路径 |
$(call all-java-files-under,< src> ) | 获取指定目录下的所有java文件 |
$(call all-c-files-under, < src> ) | 获取指定目录下的所有c文件 |
$(call all-Iaidl-files-under, < src> ) | 获取指定目录下的所有AIDL文件 |
$(call all-makefiles-under, < folder> ) | 获取指定目录下的所有Make文件 |
$(call intermediates-dir-for, < class> , < app_name> , < host or target> , < common?> ) | 获取Build输入的目标文件夹路径 |
BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY BUILD_HOST_SHARED_LIBRARY BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY BUILD_RAW_STATIC-LIBRARY BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY BUILD_EXECUTABLE BUILD_RAW_EXECUTABLE BUILD_HOST_EXECUTABLE BUILD_PACKAGE BUILD_HOST_PREBUILT BUILD_PREBUILT BUILD_MULTI_PREBUILT BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY BUILD_HOST_JAVA_LIBRARY BUILD_DROIDDOC BUILD_COPY_HEADERS BUILD_KEY_CHAR_MAP |
各种形式的编译模板,如静态、动态库文件,可执行文件,文档等 |
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