学向勤中得,萤窗万卷书。这篇文章主要讲述spring4+srpingmvc+mybatis基本框架(app框架搭建一)相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
前言:
随着spring 越来越强大,用spring4来搭建框架也是很快速,问题是你是对spring了解有多深入。如果你是新手,那么在搭建的过程中可以遇到各种各样奇葩的问题。
SSM框架的搭建是作为我搭建APP开发框架的基础。
我将会分以下几点:
1) 配置文件如何配置
2) 如何java配置启动servlet
3) 一些搭建过程中的坑
=============================================================================
配置文件如何配置
SSM框架的搭建配置方式有很多种,可具体分可以分为javaConfig配置,xml配置,或者xml文件与javaConf混合配置。其实用那种都行了,我个人搭建还是偏xml配置,不过现在的javaConfig也很成熟,也可以考虑,就是有一些坑,后面会讲到的;混合配置,用的情况也是蛮多的,分享中会涉及一点。
接下来,我主要是以java配置类做的配置:
文章图片
这是项目的结构 com.ouyang.teson目录下直接放置配置类:
1)AppConfig.java
package com.ouyang.teson; import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer; import org.springframework.context.annotation.*; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; /** * Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15. */@Configuration @EnableAspectJAutoProxy @EnableTransactionManagement @ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ouyang.teson"}, excludeFilters={@ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION,value=https://www.songbingjia.com/android/EnableWebMvc.class)} ) @Import(AppDataConfig.class) //@PropertySource({"classpath:jdbc.properties"}) //@ImportSource("XXXX.xml") /*@Configuration,用于表示这个类是一个配置类,用于配置Spring的相关信息 @EnableAspectJAutoProxy,启用切面自动代理,用于AOP @EnableTransactionManagement,启用注解事务,即可以使用@Transactional注解来控制事务 @ComponentScan,组件扫描,在basePackages指定的目录下扫描被@Controller、@Service、@Component等注解注册的组件 @Import,引入指定的配置类,我们引入了Spring容器配置类和数据源事务配置类 @PropertySource,加载指定的配置文件,配置文件内容会加载入Environment中等待调用*/ public class AppConfig {@Bean public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() { MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer(); // 跟@MapperScan(basePackages = { "com.ouyang.teson.dao" }) 等同 //如果通过web.xml 加载servlet的话,可能找不到映射对象 建议用注解 mapperScannerConfigurer.setBasePackage("com.ouyang.teson.dao"); mapperScannerConfigurer.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName("sqlSessionFactory"); return mapperScannerConfigurer; }}
2) AppDataConfig.java 是导入的配置
package com.ouyang.teson; import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource; import com.ouyang.teson.bean.TestBean; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean; import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate; import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.*; import org.springframework.core.env.Environment; import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement; import javax.sql.DataSource; import java.io.IOException; /** * Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15. */@EnableAspectJAutoProxy @EnableTransactionManagement @PropertySource({"classpath:jdbc.properties"}) //@MapperScan(value=https://www.songbingjia.com/android/{"/com/ouyang/teson/dao/*.xml"},basePackages = {"com.ouyang.teson.dao"}) public class AppDataConfig {@Autowired private Environment env; //设置阿里druid数据源 @Bean(name="dataSource") public DataSource getDataSource() { DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource(); System.out.println("=============env============"+env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName")); druidDataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName")); druidDataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("jdbc.username")); druidDataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.password")); druidDataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url")); //连接超时时间 druidDataSource.setMaxWait(10000); //最大存活时间 //druidDataSource.setMaxActive(10000); // 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 druidDataSource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(60000); //连接池中的最小生存时间 druidDataSource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(300000); //这里建议配置为TRUE,防止取到的连接不可用 druidDataSource.setTestOnBorrow(true); druidDataSource.setTestOnReturn(false); //自动提交 druidDataSource.setDefaultAutoCommit(true); druidDataSource.setPoolPreparedStatements(true); druidDataSource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(20); returndruidDataSource; }// 配置SqlSessionFactory对象 public SqlSessionFactoryBean getSqSesionFactorys() throws IOException { SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean =new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(getDataSource()); // sqlSessionFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(new ClassPathResource("mybatis-config.xml")); // 这里可以通过mybatis-config.xml 来设置 typeAliasPackage和mapper。 //这个setMapperLocations 必须把mapper文件放resources里面 不然获取文件 //扫描mybatis配置文件的 PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources("classpath:mapper/*.xml")); /*Resource[] mapperLocations = new Resource[] { new ClassPathResource("/com/ouyang/teson/mapper*//**//*.xml") }; sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(mapperLocations); *//* *//* Resource resource =new ClassPathResource("mybatis.xml"); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(resource); */ //设置映射的bean类 sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.ouyang.teson.bean"); return sqlSessionFactoryBean; }@Bean(name = "sqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory() throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = getSqSesionFactorys(); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = factoryBean.getObject(); sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true); // 开启驼峰映射 sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setCacheEnabled(true); //sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setLazyLoadingEnabled(true); sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setAggressiveLazyLoading(false); return sqlSessionFactory; }@Bean(name = "transactionManager") public DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager() { DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager(); dataSourceTransactionManager.setDataSource(this.getDataSource()); return dataSourceTransactionManager; }@Bean @Scope("prototype") public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate() throws Exception { SqlSessionTemplate template =new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory()); return template; }}
3)webConfig.java
package com.ouyang.teson; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver; /** * Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15. */ @Configuration @EnableWebMvc @ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ouyang.teson"},useDefaultFilters = true) public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebConfig.class); public ViewResolver viewResolver() { InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver(); viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/jsp/function/"); viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp"); return viewResolver; }//静态文件 @Override public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { logger.info("addResourceHandlers"); registry.addResourceHandler("/static/**").addResourceLocations("/WEB-INF/static/"); }}
SpringMvc也设置了@ComponentScan,也会去扫相应的包,useDefaultFilters = true 会自动过滤
@Component
@Repository
,
@Service
, or
@Controller
一些重复的;4) resources 配置目录下 主要是两个文件:1,jdbc.properties ; 2,logback.xml
以下是logback.xml,还稍微比较乱,拿其他项目的配置,顺便改了一下
< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> < configuration> < property name="LOG_HOME" value="D:/logs2/" /> < appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"> < encoder> < pattern> %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level [%logger{36}] - %msg%n < /pattern> < /encoder> < /appender> < appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> < file> ${LOG_HOME}/dts_rpc_main.log< /file> < rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> < !-- rollover daily --> < fileNamePattern> ${LOG_HOME}/logbak/dts_rpc_main-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log.zip< /fileNamePattern> < timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP"> < !-- or whenever the file size reaches 300MB --> < maxFileSize> 1000MB< /maxFileSize> < /timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy> < /rollingPolicy> < !-- 日志输出格式 --> < encoder> < pattern> %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n< /pattern> < /encoder> < /appender> < logger name="com.ouyang.teson" level="INFO" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="FILE" /> < /logger> < logger name="org.springframework" level="WARN" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /logger> < logger name="org.springframework.boot" level="WARN" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /logger> < logger name="org.mybatis" level="WARN" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /logger> < logger name="org.apache" level="WARN" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /logger> < logger name="com.ouyang" level="DEBUG" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /logger> < logger name="com.alibaba" level="DEBUG" additivity="false"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /logger> < root level="DEBUG"> < appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> < /root> < /configuration>
5) pom.xml
导入的包,都是当下最新的包
< project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> < modelVersion> 4.0.0< /modelVersion> < groupId> com.ouyang< /groupId> < artifactId> Teson< /artifactId> < packaging> war< /packaging> < version> 1.0-SNAPSHOT< /version> < name> Teson Maven Webapp< /name> < url> http://maven.apache.org< /url> < properties> < !-- spring版本号 --> < spring.version> 4.3.9.RELEASE< /spring.version> < !-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 --> < slf4j.version> 1.6.6< /slf4j.version> < log4j.version> 1.2.12< /log4j.version> < !-- mybatis版本号 --> < mybatis.version> 3.4.4< /mybatis.version> < /properties> < dependencies> < dependency> < groupId> junit< /groupId> < artifactId> junit< /artifactId> < version> 4.12< /version> < scope> test< /scope> < /dependency> < !-- spring-core --> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-core< /artifactId> < version> ${spring.version}< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-context< /artifactId> < version> ${spring.version}< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-test< /artifactId> < version> ${spring.version}< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-aop< /artifactId> < version> ${spring.version}< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-jdbc< /artifactId> < version> ${spring.version}< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-webmvc< /artifactId> < version> ${spring.version}< /version> < /dependency> < !-- AspectJ Runtime --> < dependency> < groupId> org.aspectj< /groupId> < artifactId> aspectjrt< /artifactId> < version> 1.8.6< /version> < /dependency> < !-- AspectJ Weaver --> < dependency> < groupId> org.aspectj< /groupId> < artifactId> aspectjweaver< /artifactId> < version> 1.8.6< /version> < /dependency> < !--log 日志 --> < dependency> < groupId> org.slf4j< /groupId> < artifactId> jcl-over-slf4j< /artifactId> < version> 1.7.21< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> ch.qos.logback< /groupId> < artifactId> logback-classic< /artifactId> < version> 1.1.7< /version> < /dependency> < !-- mybatis --> < dependency> < groupId> org.mybatis< /groupId> < artifactId> mybatis< /artifactId> < version> ${mybatis.version}< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> org.mybatis< /groupId> < artifactId> mybatis-spring< /artifactId> < version> 1.3.1< /version> < /dependency> < !-- mysql驱动包 --> < dependency> < groupId> mysql< /groupId> < artifactId> mysql-connector-java< /artifactId> < version> 5.1.29< /version> < /dependency> < !-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid --> < dependency> < groupId> com.alibaba< /groupId> < artifactId> druid< /artifactId> < version> 1.0.31< /version> < /dependency> < !-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.code.gson/gson --> < dependency> < groupId> com.google.code.gson< /groupId> < artifactId> gson< /artifactId> < version> 2.8.0< /version> < /dependency> < dependency> < groupId> junit< /groupId> < artifactId> junit< /artifactId> < version> RELEASE< /version> < /dependency> < !-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api --> < dependency> < groupId> javax.servlet< /groupId> < artifactId> javax.servlet-api< /artifactId> < version> 3.1.0< /version> < scope> provided< /scope> < /dependency> < /dependencies> < build> < finalName> Teson< /finalName> < !--< build> < finalName> app< /finalName> < /build> --> < resources> < resource> < directory> src/main/java< /directory> < includes> < include> **/*.xml< /include> < /includes> < filtering> false< /filtering> < /resource> < /resources> < plugins> < plugin> < groupId> org.apache.maven.plugins< /groupId> < artifactId> maven-compiler-plugin< /artifactId> < version> 3.5.1< /version> < configuration> < source> 1.8< /source> < target> 1.8< /target> < encoding> UTF-8< /encoding> < /configuration> < /plugin> < !--- 为防止 没有web.xml 情况下打包报错 --> < plugin> < groupId> org.apache.maven.plugins< /groupId> < artifactId> maven-war-plugin< /artifactId> < version> 2.2< /version> < configuration> < failOnMissingWebXml> false< /failOnMissingWebXml> < /configuration> < /plugin> < /plugins> < /build> < /project>
基本的配置就这样,有基础基本都能看得懂
接下来,要说说怎么启动web服务器了
启动web服务 1)方法1
在servlet3.0之后,启动servlet,在spring里是可以直接通过java配置类进行加载servlet的。
springmvc 提供一个类AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer,该类创建了DispatcherServlet和ContextLoaderListener:getServletConfigClasses()返回的配置类定义了Spring MVC应用容器中的beans;getRootConfigClasses()返回的配置类定义了Spring应用根容器中的beans。
Spring MVC容器是根容器的子容器,子容器可以看到根容器中定义的beans,反之不行。
注意:通过AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer配置DispatcherServlet仅仅是传统的web.xml文件方式的另一个可选项。尽管你也可以使用AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer的一个子类引入web.xml文件来配置,但这没有必要。
可以参考文章:https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000004343063?_ea=575820
所以你只要自定一个类继承AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer ,你可以删掉web.xml了
webAppInitalzer.java
package com.ouyang.teson; import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer; /** * Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15. */ public class WebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {@Override protected Class< ?> [] getRootConfigClasses() { return new Class[] { AppConfig.class }; }@Override protected Class< ?> [] getServletConfigClasses() { return new Class[] { WebConfig.class }; }/** * identifies one or more paths that DispatcherServlet will be mapped to.< br> *In this case, it’s mapped to /, indicating that it will be the application’s default servlet.< br> *It will handle all requests coming into the application. */ @Override protected String[] getServletMappings() { return new String[] { "/" }; }}
2) 方法2
【spring4+srpingmvc+mybatis基本框架(app框架搭建一)】 你还是可以依然使用web.xml 来加载servlet,以下是web.xml的配置
< !DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > < web-app> < context-param> < param-name> contextClass< /param-name> < param-value> org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext< /param-value> < /context-param> < context-param> < param-name> contextClassLocation< /param-name> < param-value> com.ouyang.teson.AppConfig< /param-value> < /context-param> < listener> < listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener< /listener-class> < /listener> < servlet> < servlet-name> springServlet< /servlet-name> < servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet< /servlet-class> < init-param> < param-name> contextClass< /param-name> < param-value> org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext< /param-value> < /init-param> < init-param> < param-name> contextConfigLocations< /param-name> < param-value> com.ouyang.teson.WebConfig< /param-value> < /init-param> < load-on-startup> 1< /load-on-startup> < /servlet> < servlet-mapping> < servlet-name> springServlet< /servlet-name> < url-pattern> /< /url-pattern> < /servlet-mapping> < display-name> Archetype Created Web Application< /display-name> < /web-app>
一些坑的总结 1)@PropertiesSource 该注解主要是导入配置属性的,可是如果该配置类里面,如果有@bean的方法加载失败,则会直接报@PropertiesSource的属性找不到,而是定位到具体的@bean配置出现问题。
查看源码,确实很难debug代码到具体的问题,层次太深了。
2)同一个配置类,@bean的方法,在处理@bean时,是把配置加载到List集合,然后统一实例化,如果有@bean的方法是通过ContentServlet去获取bean的可能获取不到而直接报错。
ConfigurationClassParser.java 是直接加载配置类注解的主要逻辑处理,处理流程是先加载配置文件@PropertiesSource,然后处理 ComponentScans注解,加载文件,接着是处理@Import 和@importSource注解,调用processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), true)进行处理,处理导入的配置类如果没有异常,就会把bean加载到serveltcontenx里,在主配置类就可以注入使用,如果注入不了,说明导入的配置类有问题,接着处理配置中@Bean的方法,接着processInterfaces(configClass, sourceClass)处理继承接口的默认方法。其实这个过程中,是有重复加载的,@bean的方法实例化的对象也是有重复的过程,具体怎么实现没有跟踪下去。 有时间可以自己去跟踪一下代码。
3) 还有一个坑,就是mybatis的配置,PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources("classpath:mapper/*.xml")); 这里配置到com.ouyang.teson.mapper 不起作用,原因是maven打包的时候不会把classpath下的xml打包进去,不过在resources下的配置文件是可以被打包进去的,所有必须把xml文件放到resources下面,才能在命名空间,映射到具体的sql。
建议:
1,配置的时候建议一步步来,不要一下配置得太多,而且一边配置,一边测试,那是最好的,避免配置太多无法一下子定位问题。
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