Android Studio - 第四十五期 Gradle manifestPlaceholders _placeholde

知识的价值不在于占有，而在于使用。这篇文章主要讲述Android Studio - 第四十五期 Gradle manifestPlaceholders相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
最近在学习撸撸的代码规范和写法，有些心得，准备好好写一写~包括了多渠道打版（以前有写过方法），工厂模式，mvp，以及最近刚封装出来的多渠道多版本展示不同页面的manifestPlaceholders的配置方法，大家应该也碰到过线上和线下环境的切换换地址，换私钥的头大问题，本篇就来解决这些问题。

先在androidmanifest文件配置一个节点，这里以极光为例：

< meta-data android:name="JPUSH_APPKEY" android:value="https://www.songbingjia.com/android/${jush_appkey_value}" /> < meta-data android:name="SHOUCANG_CONFIG0" android:value="https://www.songbingjia.com/android/${SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE0}" />

build.gradle:

buildTypes { release { //自定义buildconfig字段 buildConfigField("boolean", "APP_ENV", "true") //指定签名为release signingConfig signingConfig.release //是否开启混淆 minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(‘proguard-android.txt‘), ‘proguard-rules.pro‘ //是否zip优化 zipAlignEnabled true //删除一些无用资源 shrinkResources false // manifestPlaceholders = [ "jush_appkey_value": "release key" ] } debug { //自定义buildconfig字段 buildConfigField("boolean", "APP_ENV", "true") //指定签名为release signingConfig signingConfig.release //是否开启混淆 minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(‘proguard-android.txt‘), ‘proguard-rules.pro‘ //是否zip优化 zipAlignEnabled true //删除一些无用资源 shrinkResources false // manifestPlaceholders = [ "jush_appkey_value": "debug key" ] } }

在bulidtypes节点下有release节点和debug节点，正式签名时就会走release节点的下编译脚本，调试签名时就会走debug节点。主要点就是manifestPlaceholders的用法，jpush_appkey对应的就是之前在androidmanifest文件配置的${jush_appkey_value}的这个值。
在程序入口出打上log，用来输出key的值:

/** * 在程序入口出打上log，用来输出key的值bufen */ private void jpush_key_manifest_xml_string() { String jpush_appkey; try { ApplicationInfo appInfo = getPackageManager() .getApplicationInfo(getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA); jpush_appkey = appInfo.metaData.getString("JPUSH_APPKEY"); Log.e("jpush_appkey", "jpush_appkey=" + jpush_appkey); } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }

接下来给大家介绍多版本多页面多apk的配置切换方法：举个例子：如果你要一次性打七个版本，而且七个版本都是不同的页面，但是页面各个模块大体一样，只是顺序和大小不同，你要怎么做，别告诉我写七个页面分别打版哈~太low了~you know~这里就利用多版本打版和manifestPlaceholders来实现需求。
首先是build.gradle:

apply plugin: ‘com.android.application‘ apply plugin: ‘android-apt‘def demo = ‘0000‘; //DemoAPK def demo1 = ‘0001‘; //DemoAPK1 def demo2 = ‘0002‘; //DemoAPK2 def demo3 = ‘0003‘; //DemoAPK3 def demo4 = ‘0004‘; //DemoAPK4 def demo5 = ‘0005‘; //DemoAPK5 def demo6 = ‘0006‘; //DemoAPK6android { signingConfigs { debug { keyAlias ‘****‘ keyPassword ‘****‘ storeFile file(‘签名文件.jks路径‘) storePassword ‘****‘ } release { keyAlias ‘****‘ keyPassword ‘****‘ storeFile file(‘签名文件.jks路径‘) storePassword ‘****‘ } } compileSdkVersion 25 buildToolsVersion "25.0.2" sourceSets { main { jniLibs.srcDirs = [‘libs‘] } } packagingOptions { exclude ‘META-INF/DEPENDENCIES‘ exclude ‘META-INF/NOTICE‘ exclude ‘META-INF/LICENSE‘ exclude ‘META-INF/LICENSE.txt‘ exclude ‘META-INF/NOTICE.txt‘ } defaultConfig { applicationId "com.shining.p010_recycleviewall" minSdkVersion 18 targetSdkVersion 23 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] //LOCAL_LDFLAGS += -fuse-ld=bfd //jni.srcDirs ‘src/main/jni‘ jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug manifestPlaceholders = [ SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE0: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory0" ] } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled true zipAlignEnabled true shrinkResources false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(‘proguard-android.txt‘), ‘proguard-rules.pro‘ signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } } def int minSdk = 18; def int targetSdk = 23; def String appId = ‘com.shining.p010_recycleviewall‘; def int vCode = 1; def String vNameCode = vCode + ""; productFlavors { //demo DemoAPK { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK_" + "T_" + demo multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } //demo1 DemoAPK1 { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK1_" + "T_" + demo1 multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } //demo2 DemoAPK2 { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK2_" + "T_" + demo2 multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } //demo3 DemoAPK3 { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK3_" + "T_" + demo3 multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } //demo4 DemoAPK4 { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK4_" + "T_" + demo4 multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } //demo5 DemoAPK5 { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK5_" + "T_" + demo5 multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } //demo6 DemoAPK6 { minSdkVersion minSdk applicationId appId targetSdkVersion targetSdk versionCode vCode versionName "DemoAPK6_" + "D_" + demo6 multiDexEnabled true renderscriptTargetApi 19 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true ndk { moduleName "native-modbus-jni,libxmediaplayer" ldLibs "log", "z", "m", "android", "c" abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86" } sourceSets.main { jni.srcDirs = [] jniLibs.srcDir ‘src/main/libs‘ } signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } } // 自定义输出配置 applicationVariants.all { variant -> variant.outputs.each { output -> def outputFile = output.outputFile if (outputFile != null & & outputFile.name.endsWith(‘.apk‘)) { // def fileName = "UerbT_v${variant.versionName}_${releaseTime()}_${variant.flavorName}.apk" def fileName = "${variant.versionName}.apk" output.outputFile = new File(outputFile.parent, fileName) } } } productFlavors.all { flavor -> def currentMode = flavor.versionName.split("_")[2] def currentEnvironment = flavor.versionName.split("_")[1] def stValue = true // t == currentEnvironment 以前的判断条件 if (currentEnvironment.endsWith("T")) {//判断是否为测试版是否以T结尾 stValue = false } else { stValue = true } if (currentMode == demo) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } else if (currentMode == demo1) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory1", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } else if (currentMode == demo2) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory2", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } else if (currentMode == demo3) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory3", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } else if (currentMode == demo4) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory4", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } else if (currentMode == demo5) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory5", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } else if (currentMode == demo6) { flavor.manifestPlaceholders = [SHOUCANG_CONFIG_VALUE: ".shoucang.factorys.ShoucangFactory6", STATISTICS_VALUE: stValue] } }}dependencies { compile fileTree(include: [‘*.jar‘], dir: ‘libs‘) androidTestCompile(‘com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2‘, { exclude group: ‘com.android.support‘, module: ‘support-annotations‘ }) compile ‘com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.0‘ compile ‘com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.3.0‘ compile ‘com.android.support:design:25.3.0‘ compile ‘com.android.support:cardview-v7:25.3.0‘ // local jar file compile files(‘libs/alipay-sdk-java20161226110022.jar‘) compile files(‘libs/alipay-sdk-java20161226110022-source.jar‘) compile files(‘libs/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar‘) compile files(‘libs/commons-logging-1.1.1-sources.jar‘) //the third file compile ‘com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.2.1‘ apt ‘com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.2.1‘ testCompile ‘junit:junit:4.12‘ compile ‘com.geeklx:library_hios:1.0.4‘ compile project(‘:glin‘) compile ‘com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:3.7.0‘ compile ‘com.alibaba:fastjson:1.2.17‘ compile ‘com.squareup.okio:okio:1.9.0‘ compile ‘com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1‘ compile ‘com.nineoldandroids:library:2.4.0‘ compile files(‘libs/libammsdk.jar‘)}

接着就是多版本的代码判断书写：

@Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { //TODO 多版本切换写此方法bufen which_version(); // ShoucangConfig0.config(); //manifestPlaceholders的妙用 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); } private void which_version() { if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name0) { ShoucangConfig.config(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name1) { ShoucangConfig1.config(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name2) { ShoucangConfig2.config(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name3) { ShoucangConfig3.config(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name4) { ShoucangConfig4.config(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name5) { ShoucangConfig5.config(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name6) { ShoucangConfig6.config(); } } //TODO 多版本模式bufen SparseArrayCompat< Class< ? extends BaseFragment> > array = which_version_fragment_config(); //demo private SparseArrayCompat< Class< ? extends BaseFragment> > which_version_fragment_config() { if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name0) { return ShoucangConfig.getFragments(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name1) { return ShoucangConfig1.getFragments(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name2) { return ShoucangConfig2.getFragments(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name3) { return ShoucangConfig3.getFragments(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name4) { return ShoucangConfig4.getFragments(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name5) { return ShoucangConfig5.getFragments(); } else if (ConstantNetUtil.VERSION_APK == NetConfig.version_name6) { return ShoucangConfig6.getFragments(); } return ShoucangConfig.getFragments(); }

这样跑完apk你会发现会有神奇的事情发生，如下图：（不同的apk版本出来的页面也是不同的，但是只用了一份代码。）

【Android Studio - 第四十五期 Gradle manifestPlaceholders】 图1：

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图2：

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这样做的好处在于，如果你的apk版本很多，需要给很多合作厂商提供定制化页面，就可以用上了~
卧槽，今天喷了好多，希望大家回去自己细化一下，能帮到你~

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地址：https://github.com/geeklx/MyApplication/tree/master/p027_daojishi_manifestPlaceholders

本文出自 “梁肖技术中心” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://liangxiao.blog.51cto.com/3626612/1951381