Android之通知使用权 _Android

古之立大事者，不惟有超世之才，亦必有坚忍不拔之志。这篇文章主要讲述Android之通知使用权相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
通知使用权打开方式
设置——提示音和通知——通知使用权。
具体界面如图：

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存在须要拥有通知使用权应用时：

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不存在须要拥有通知使用权应用时：

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用户为应用勾选复选框后系统弹dialog须要用户进一步确认时：

主要涉及文件：
【Android之通知使用权】/packages/apps/Settings/src/com/android/settings/notification/NotificationAccessSettings.java

?/packages/apps/Settings/src/com/android/settings/notification/ManagedServiceSettings.java
涉及数据库：
data/data/com.android.providers.settings
具体解说：
/packages/apps/Settings/src/com/android/settings/notification/NotificationAccessSettings.java

public class NotificationAccessSettings extends ManagedServiceSettings { private static final String TAG = NotificationAccessSettings.class.getSimpleName(); private static final Config CONFIG = getNotificationListenerConfig(); private static Config getNotificationListenerConfig() { final Config c = new Config(); c.tag = TAG; /*Settings.Secure.ENABLED_NOTIFICATION_LISTENERS = *数据库字段。通过读取数据库中字段推断应用是否有通知使用权。有则界面中应用相应的checkbox为勾选状态， *应用相应checkbox不勾选时，时用户勾选后会有提示框弹出。确定后通过此字段向数据库写入此应用信息。 * */ c.setting = Settings.Secure.ENABLED_NOTIFICATION_LISTENERS; c.intentAction = NotificationListenerService.SERVICE_INTERFACE; /* * 应用须要在manifest文件里声明这个服务权限才会被检測到，才会显示到同一时候使用权界面 * */ c.permission = android.Manifest.permission.BIND_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SERVICE; c.noun = "notification listener"; /*用户勾选后弹出的dialog中的标题*/ c.warningDialogTitle = R.string.notification_listener_security_warning_title; /*用户勾选后弹出的dialog中的内容*/ c.warningDialogSummary = R.string.notification_listener_security_warning_summary; /*当前系统中不存在不论什么须要使用通知使用权的应用时，通知使用权界面会有相应提示*/ c.emptyText = R.string.no_notification_listeners; return c; }@Override protected Config getConfig() { return CONFIG; }public static int getListenersCount(PackageManager pm) { return getServicesCount(CONFIG, pm); }public static int getEnabledListenersCount(Context context) { return getEnabledServicesCount(CONFIG, context); } }

/packages/apps/Settings/src/com/android/settings/notification/ManagedServiceSettings.java

public abstract class ManagedServiceSettings extends ListFragment { private static final boolean SHOW_PACKAGE_NAME = false; private final Config mConfig; private PackageManager mPM; private ContentResolver mCR; private final HashSet< ComponentName> mEnabledServices = new HashSet< ComponentName> (); private ServiceListAdapter mListAdapter; abstract protected Config getConfig(); public ManagedServiceSettings() { mConfig = getConfig(); }private final ContentObserver mSettingsObserver = new ContentObserver(new Handler()) { @Override public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) { updateList(); } }; /*监听到应用的数量增减等改变时须要更新应用列表*/ private final BroadcastReceiver mPackageReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { updateList(); } }; /*用户勾选后弹出相应dialog等待用户进一步确认要为此应用打开通知使用权*/ public class ScaryWarningDialogFragment extends DialogFragment { static final String KEY_COMPONENT = "c"; static final String KEY_LABEL = "l"; public ScaryWarningDialogFragment setServiceInfo(ComponentName cn, String label) { Bundle args = new Bundle(); args.putString(KEY_COMPONENT, cn.flattenToString()); args.putString(KEY_LABEL, label); setArguments(args); return this; }@Override public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); final Bundle args = getArguments(); final String label = args.getString(KEY_LABEL); final ComponentName cn = ComponentName.unflattenFromString(args.getString(KEY_COMPONENT)); final String title = getResources().getString(mConfig.warningDialogTitle, label); final String summary = getResources().getString(mConfig.warningDialogSummary, label); return new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity()) .setMessage(summary) .setTitle(title) .setCancelable(true) .setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok,// new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) { mEnabledServices.add(cn); //加入应用信息到HashSet< ComponentName> 中 saveEnabledServices(); //数据库写操作 } }) .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) { // pass } }) .create(); } }@Override public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle); mPM = getActivity().getPackageManager(); mCR = getActivity().getContentResolver(); mListAdapter = new ServiceListAdapter(getActivity()); }@Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View v =inflater.inflate(R.layout.managed_service_settings, container, false); TextView empty = (TextView) v.findViewById(android.R.id.empty); empty.setText(mConfig.emptyText); return v; }@Override public void onResume() { super.onResume(); updateList(); // listen for package changes IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED); //应用加入 filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_CHANGED); //应用改变 filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED); //应用卸载 filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED); //应用更新 filter.addDataScheme("package"); getActivity().registerReceiver(mPackageReceiver, filter); mCR.registerContentObserver(Settings.Secure.getUriFor(mConfig.setting), false, mSettingsObserver); }@Override public void onPause() { super.onPause(); getActivity().unregisterReceiver(mPackageReceiver); mCR.unregisterContentObserver(mSettingsObserver); }/*从数据库中载入拥有通知使用权的应用，并将其信息存入到HashSet< ComponentName> 中。*/ private void loadEnabledServices() { mEnabledServices.clear(); //首先清空HashSet< ComponentName> 。确保数据最新从数据库读取 final String flat = Settings.Secure.getString(mCR, mConfig.setting); //数据库读操作 if (flat != null & & !"".equals(flat)) { final String[] names = flat.split(":"); for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) { final ComponentName cn = ComponentName.unflattenFromString(names[i]); if (cn != null) { mEnabledServices.add(cn); } } } } /*数据库存操作*/ private void saveEnabledServices() { StringBuilder sb = null; for (ComponentName cn : mEnabledServices) { if (sb == null) { sb = new StringBuilder(); } else { sb.append(‘:‘); } sb.append(cn.flattenToString()); } /*数据库存操作*/ Settings.Secure.putString(mCR, mConfig.setting, sb != null ? sb.toString() : ""); } /*更新应用显示列表*/ private void updateList() { loadEnabledServices(); getServices(mConfig, mListAdapter, mPM); mListAdapter.sort(new PackageItemInfo.DisplayNameComparator(mPM)); getListView().setAdapter(mListAdapter); }protected static int getEnabledServicesCount(Config config, Context context) { final String flat = Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(), config.setting); if (flat == null || "".equals(flat)) return 0; final String[] components = flat.split(":"); return components.length; }protected static int getServicesCount(Config c, PackageManager pm) { return getServices(c, null, pm); }private static int getServices(Config c, ArrayAdapter< ServiceInfo> adapter, PackageManager pm) { int services = 0; if (adapter != null) { adapter.clear(); } final int user = ActivityManager.getCurrentUser(); List< ResolveInfo> installedServices = pm.queryIntentServicesAsUser( new Intent(c.intentAction), PackageManager.GET_SERVICES | PackageManager.GET_META_DATA, user); for (int i = 0, count = installedServices.size(); i < count; i++) { ResolveInfo resolveInfo = installedServices.get(i); ServiceInfo info = resolveInfo.serviceInfo; if (!c.permission.equals(info.permission)) { Slog.w(c.tag, "Skipping " + c.noun + " service " + info.packageName + "/" + info.name + ": it does not require the permission " + c.permission); continue; } if (adapter != null) { adapter.add(info); } services++; } return services; }private boolean isServiceEnabled(ServiceInfo info) { final ComponentName cn = new ComponentName(info.packageName, info.name); return mEnabledServices.contains(cn); }@Override public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { ServiceInfo info = mListAdapter.getItem(position); final ComponentName cn = new ComponentName(info.packageName, info.name); if (mEnabledServices.contains(cn)) { //取消勾选 // the simple version: disabling mEnabledServices.remove(cn); saveEnabledServices(); } else { //选择勾选后填出dialog // show a scary dialog new ScaryWarningDialogFragment() .setServiceInfo(cn, info.loadLabel(mPM).toString()) .show(getFragmentManager(), "dialog"); } }private static class ViewHolder { ImageView icon; TextView name; CheckBox checkbox; TextView description; }/*用于应用列表载入显示*/ private class ServiceListAdapter extends ArrayAdapter< ServiceInfo> { final LayoutInflater mInflater; ServiceListAdapter(Context context) { super(context, 0, 0); mInflater = (LayoutInflater) getActivity().getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); }public boolean hasStableIds() { return true; }public long getItemId(int position) { return position; }public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { View v; if (convertView == null) { v = newView(parent); } else { v = convertView; } bindView(v, position); return v; }public View newView(ViewGroup parent) { View v = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.managed_service_item, parent, false); ViewHolder h = new ViewHolder(); h.icon = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.icon); //应用图标 h.name = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.name); //应用名 h.checkbox = (CheckBox) v.findViewById(R.id.checkbox); //勾选框 h.description = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.description); //应用描写叙述 v.setTag(h); return v; }public void bindView(View view, int position) { ViewHolder vh = (ViewHolder) view.getTag(); ServiceInfo info = getItem(position); vh.icon.setImageDrawable(info.loadIcon(mPM)); vh.name.setText(info.loadLabel(mPM)); if (SHOW_PACKAGE_NAME) { vh.description.setText(info.packageName); vh.description.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } else { vh.description.setVisibility(View.GONE); } vh.checkbox.setChecked(isServiceEnabled(info)); } }protected static class Config { String tag; String setting; String intentAction; String permission; String noun; int warningDialogTitle; int warningDialogSummary; int emptyText; } < p> } < /p>

数据库相关信息